【考研类试卷】考研英语-试卷121及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语-试卷 121 及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_Sometimes we have specific problems with our mother; sometimes, life with her can jus

2、t be hard work. If there are difficulties in your (1)_, it“s best to deal with them, (2)_ remember that any (3)_ should be done (4)_ person or by letter. The telephone is not a good (5)_ because it is too easy (6)_ either side to (7)_ the conversation. Explain to her (8)_ you find difficult in your

3、relationship and then (9)_ some new arrangements that you think would establish a (10)_ balance between you. Sometimes we hold (11)_ from establishing such boundaries because we are afraid that doing (12)_ implies we are (13)_ her. We need to remember that being (14)_ from our mother does not (15)_

4、mean that we no longer love her. If the conflict is (16)_ and you cannot find a way to (17)_ it, you might decide to give up your relationship with your mother for a while. Some of my patients had (18)_ “trial separations“. The (19)_ allowed things to simmer down, enabling (20)_.（分数：40.00）A.relation

5、shipB.emissionC.emulationD.interpretationA.andB.butC.thusD.orA.contradictionB.estimationC.confrontationD.immersionA.byB.forC.toD.inA.innovationB.manoeuvreC.mediumD.synthesisA.onB.forC.offD.toA.formulateB.commenceC.perceiveD.terminateA.whetherB.howC.whatD.whyA.proposeB.performC.removeD.outlineA.disti

6、nctiveB.turbulentC.spontaneousD.healthierA.backB.onC.offD.byA.itB.whichC.whatD.soA.musteringB.ejectingC.insultingD.retaliatingA.harmoniousB.wholesomeC.malignantD.independentA.instantlyB.reluctantlyC.necessarilyD.steadilyA.moderateB.hereditaryC.inevitableD.extremeA.shapeB.resolveC.simulateD.grindA.su

7、ccessfulB.compulsoryC.miserableD.stationaryA.blunderB.temptationC.breakD.traitA.reconciliationB.rebellionC.recreationD.rehearse二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing

8、 A, B, C or D._If soldiering was for the money, the Special Air Service (SAS) and the Special Boat Service (SBS) would have disintegrated in recent years. Such has been the explosion in private military companies (PMCs) that they employ an estimated 30,000 in Iraq aloneand no government can match th

9、eir fat salaries. A young SAS trooper earns about 2,000($3,500) a month; on the “circuit“, as soldiers call the private world, he could get 15,000. Why would he not? For reasons both warm-hearted and cool-headed. First, for love of regiment and comrades, bonds that tend to be tightest in the most se

10、lect units. Second, for the operational support, notably field medicine, and the security, including life assurance and pension, that come with the queen“s paltry shilling. Although there has been no haemorrhaging of special force (SF) fighters to the private sector, there has been enough of a trick

11、le to cause official unease. A memo recently circulated in the Ministry of Defence detailed the loss of 24 SF senior non-commissioned officers to private companies in the past year. All had completed 22 years of service, and so were eligible for a full pension, and near the end of their careers. Yet

12、 there is now a shortage of hard-bitten veterans to fill training and other jobs earmarked for them, under a system for retaining them known as “continuance“. America has responded to the problem by throwing cash at it, offering incentives of up to $150,000 to sign new contracts. The Ministry of Def

13、ence has found a cheaper ploy. It has spread the story of two British PMC employees, recently killed in Iraq, whose bodies were left rotting in the sun.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the private world is called “circuit“ by soldiersB.PMCs employ an estima

14、ted 30,000 soldiers in Iraq aloneC.Britain“s best soldiers stand resolute against mammonD.A young SBS trooper earns about 15,000(2).The word “security“ in the second paragraph most probably means _.（分数：2.00）A.protectionB.documentC.certificateD.safety(3).Paragraph 2 is written to _.（分数：2.00）A.advance

15、 both warm-hearted and cool-headed causesB.reinterate the significance of queen“s paltry shillingC.shed light on the love of regiment and comradesD.interpret why young SAS troopers would not get 15,000(4).The conclusion can be made from the third paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the Ministry of Defence d

16、etailed 24 SBS troopersB.the fat salaries by the private military companies have worked to some SF troopersC.the present system for retaining hard-bitten veterans is impeccableD.20 years of service underlies a full pension(5).In the last paragraph of the text, the author has _.（分数：2.00）A.comment on

17、a tipB.anticipate a resultC.made a contrastD.depict a sampleAs any diplomat from Britain, Austria or Turkey can tell you, handling the legacy of a vanished, far-flung empire is a tricky business. But for Georgia, the gap between old glory and present vulnerability is especially wide. Today“s Georgia

18、 is diminished by war, buffeted by geopolitics and recovering from post-Soviet chaos. But 800 years ago the country was a mighty military, cultural and ecclesiastical force. Its greatest monarch, Queen Tamara, defeated many foes (including her first husband) and built fine monuments. In her time, Ge

19、orgia also had a big stake in the Christian life of the Holy Land. From Jerusalem to the Balkans, Georgia“s priests, artists and church-builders were active and respected. So too were its poets, like Shota Rustaveli, the national bard who dedicated an epic to his beloved queen. In between seeking we

20、stern aid and coping with power cuts, modern Georgia has pledged to keep a wary eye on every place where churches, inscriptions and frescoes testify to its golden age. That includes Greece, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania and above all, Israel. Last year, Georgians were enraged when a fresco of Rustaveli,

21、 in a Jerusalem church under the care of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate, was defaced, then badly restored. This year, a better restoration was done, but Georgians now want a promise that in all future restoration their own experts can take part. They also want to stop the seepage of Georgian fresco

22、es and icons, supposedly under the Patriarchate“s care, on to the art market. Several times, Georgia has had to use its meagre resources to buy back pieces of the national heritage. The hope is that things will improve with the recent election of a new Jerusalem Patriarch, after his predecessor was

23、ousted under a cloud of scandal. Georgia“s ties with Israel are good, thanks to a thriving Georgian-Jewish community with happy memories of its homeland. Georgia also gets along with Greece, amid a fug of sentimentality over legends about the Argonauts that link the two nations. But can these warm,

24、fuzzy feelings translate into better protection for an ancient culture? That will be a challenge for Geld Bezhuashvili, who succeeds Salome Zourabichvili, the French-born diplomat who was sacked, after a power struggle, as Georgian foreign minister on October 19th.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “tricky“ in

25、the first paragraph of the text denotes _.（分数：2.00）A.deceptiveB.craftyC.toughD.tacit(2).According to the text, Georgia used to be influential in _.（分数：2.00）A.religionB.agronomyC.medicineD.horticulture(3).Romania is mentioned in the text to _.（分数：2.00）A.illustrate a fresco of RustaveliB.demonstrate t

26、he western aid Georgia obtainedC.indicate Georgia“s golden ageD.specify the scope of Georgia“s lookout(4).It can be inferred from the text that the prospect of Georgia“s heritage protection _.（分数：2.00）A.is to be a power struggleB.is liable to become betterC.is to be a cloud of scandalD.is likely to

27、become active and respected(5).The author“s attitude toward the transformation mentioned in the last paragraph is _.（分数：2.00）A.affirmativeB.criticalC.negativeD.cautiousFear seems to be the dominant mood of the moment. Hurricanes, tidal waves, floods, earthquakes and terrorism this year have all brou

28、ght with them not only appalling scenes of devastation, death and suffering, but also outrage at the lack of preparations to avoid or cope with these disasters. Now even the birds of the air are a threat, we are told. That migrating flock visible On the horizon at sunset, once a consoling reminder o

29、f the eternal rhythms of nature, could be carrying the virus which might soon kill tens of millions of people. Given the many fingers pointed at governments in the wake of other disasters this year, it is hardly surprising that they are scrambling to respond to the threat posed by avian influenza. A

30、fter confirmation this week that the H5N1 strain of bird flu, which has been spreading quickly in Asia, had been discovered in Romania and perhaps Greece, European Union foreign ministers convened an emergency meeting. President George Bush, still smarting from a torrent of criticism of his governme

31、nt“s clumsy response to Hurricane Katrina, has promised to rush out emergency plans for dealing with an outbreak of pandemic flu which have been stalled for years. Countries around the world are hurrying to stockpile the only current antiviral drug, Tamifln, which might be effective in saving lives

32、in any pandemic or curbing its spread. The World Health Organisation is calling for an internationally coordinated effort. Health ministers from around the globe are due to meet next week in Canada to discuss what steps to take. Is any of this effort justified? Or are politicians simply helping to f

33、eed public panic, and then covering themselves by promising to spend lavishly against a threat which may never materialize and to reduce a risk which they do not understand? To ask these questions is not to counsel complacency, but to apply the kind of test which is required in any kind of disaster

34、planning, not least because the world is an inherently dangerous place and it is impossible to plan against every possible disaster. With the media full of warnings of impending mass death, an overreaction is all too possible.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）

35、A.strong resentment resulted from the lack of preparations to cope with recent disastersB.the dominant mood of the moment resulted in the appalling scenes of devastationC.tens of millions of people could carry the virus on the horizonD.reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature emerged at sunset to a

36、void these disasters(2).According to the text, American emergency plans for coping with an outbreak of pandemic flu _.（分数：2.00）A.have been stipulatedB.have been enactedC.have been abolishedD.have been delayed(3).Which of the following remarks on our available antiviral medication would the author ma

37、ke?（分数：2.00）A.Effective but poisonous.B.Harmful but populous.C.Meager and not reliable.D.Affordable and palatable.(4).The phrase “not least“ in the last but one sentence of the text means _.（分数：2.00）A.at mostB.not at allC.marginallyD.particularly(5).It can be inferred from the last paragraph of the

38、text that _.（分数：2.00）A.strong and intense response derive from the mass mediaB.the attempts to be made can no longer be justified by their intentionC.public panic would be diluted by politicians“ promiseD.the only remedy is to spend lavishly against a threatThe idea is as audacious as it altruistic:

39、 provide a personal laptop computer to every schoolchildparticularly in the poorest parts of the world. The first step to making that happen is whittling the price down to $100. And that is the goal of a group of American techno-gurus led by Nicholas Negroponte, the founder of the fabled MIT Media L

40、ab. When he unveiled the idea at the World Economic Forum in January it seemed wildly ambitious. But surprisingly, it is starting to become a reality. Mr. Negroponte plans to display the first prototype in November at a UN summit. Four countriesBrazil, Egypt, Thailand and South Africahave said they

41、will buy over I m units each. Production is due to start in late 2006. How is the group, called One Laptop Per Child (OLPC), able to create a laptop so inexpensively? It is mainly a matter of cleverly combining existing technologies in new ways. The laptop will have a basic processor made by AMD, fl

42、ash memory instead of a hard disk, will be powered by batteries or a hand-crank, and will run open-source software. The $100 laptop also puts all the components behind the screen, not under the keyboard, so there is no need for an expensive hinge. So far, OLPC has got the price down to around $130.

43、But good news for the world“s poor, may not be such great news for the world“s computer manufacturers. The new machine is not simply of interest in the developing world. On September 22nd, Mitt Romney, the governor of Massachusetts, said the state should purchase one for every secondary-school stude

44、nt, when they become available. Sales to schools are just one way in which the $100 laptop could change the computer industry more broadly. By depressing prices and fuelling the trend for “good-enough computing“, where customers upgrade less often, it could eventually put pressure on the world“s big

45、gest PC-makers.（分数：10.00）(1).According to the text, which of the following is beyond the public“s anticipation?（分数：2.00）A.The idea of cheap trick is starting to come true.B.OLPC is able to create so inexpensive laptops.C.Every secondary-school student will purchase a $100 laptop.D.Sales to schools a

46、re just one way to display the first prototype.(2).The creation Of the cheap laptop mentioned in the text relies on _.（分数：2.00）A.hi-tech innovation by experienced scientistsB.novel means of combinationC.basic processors manufactured by AMDD.the state-of-art facilities and equipment(3).It can be infe

47、rred from the text that _.（分数：2.00）A.South Africa has claimed that it will purchase over one million unitsB.the idea is as audacious as it altruisticC.the flash memory will be supplanted by a hard diskD.the desired price of the laptop has not been reached yet(4).Mitt Romney is mentioned in the text

48、so as to _.（分数：2.00）A.evidence the cause for the disappointment of the international computer makers in the goal of OLPCB.illustrate good news for the world“s poorC.appeal the world“s computer manufacturersD.analyse the psychological reaction to the cheap trick advanced by OLPC(5).Based on the last paragraph, which of the following is true?（分数：2.00）A.Every secondary-school student will be granted a $100 laptop in no time.B.A $100 laptop for the poor could