【考研类试卷】考研英语-试卷216及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语-试卷 216及答案解析(总分：142.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：2，分数：80.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_It is an astonishing fact that there are laws of nature, rules that summarize convenie

2、ntly (1)_ qualitatively but quantitativelyhow the world works. We might (2)_ a universe in which there are no such laws, in which the 1,080 elementary particles that (3)_ a universe like our own behave with utter and uncompromising abandon. To understand such a universe we would need a brain (4)_ as

3、 massive as the universe. It seems (5)_ that such a universe could have life and intelligence, because being and brains (6)_ some degree of internal stability and order. But (7)_ in a much more random universe there were such beings with an intelligence much (8)_ than our own, there could not be muc

4、h knowledge, passion or joy. (9)_ for us, we live in a universe that has at least important parts that are knowable. Our common sense experience and our evolutionary history have (10)_ us to understand something of the workaday world. When we go into other realms, however, common sense and ordinary

5、intuition (11)_ highly unreliable guides. It is stunning that as we go close to the speed of light our mass (12)_ indefinitely, we shrink toward zero thickness (13)_ the direction of motion, and time for us comes as near to stopping as we would like. Many people think that this is silly, and every w

6、eek (14)_ I get a letter from someone who complains to me about it. But it is virtually certain consequence not just of experiment but also of Albert Einstein“s (15)_ analysis of space and time called the Special Theory of Relativity. It does not matter that these effects seem unreasonable to us. We

7、 are not (16)_ the habit of traveling close to the speed of light. The testimony of our common sense is suspect at high velocities. The idea that the world places restrictions on (17)_ humans might do is frustrating. Why shouldn“t we be able to have intermediate rotational positions? Why can“t we (1

8、8)_ faster than the speed of light? But (19)_ we can tell, this is the way the universe is constructed. Such prohibitions not only (20)_ us toward a little humility; they also make the world more knowable.（分数：40.00）A.justB.veryC.just notD.not justA.seeB.thinkC.imagineD.believeA.makeB.make ofC.make u

9、pD.make fromA.at leastB.at mostC.at lastD.at the costA.likelyB.unlikelyC.reallyD.unrealA.wantB.needC.requireD.acquireA.unlessB.untilC.ifD.even ifA.moreB.largerC.biggerD.greaterA.FortunatelyB.UnfortunatelyC.HappilyD.UnhappilyA.providedB.preparedC.armedD.got readyA.turn toB.turn onC.turn out to beD.tu

10、rn away fromA.decreasesB.increasesC.reducesD.addsA.inB.atC.withD.fromA.or twoB.and twoC.even twoD.of twoA.cleverB.wiseC.brilliantD.intelligentA.ofB.inC.withD.atA.thatB.whichC.matterD.whatA.goB.walkC.travelD.runA.ifB.unlessC.so farD.so far asA.pressB.haveC.makeD.entail二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：10，分数

11、：58.00)2.Section II Reading Comprehension_3.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D._The idea of humanoid robots is not new, of course. They have been part of the imaginative landscape ever since Karl Capek, a Czech Writer, first

12、 dreamed them up for his 1921 play “Rossum“s Universal Robots“. (The word “robot“ comes from the Czech word for drudgery, robota.) Since then, Hollywood has produced countless variations on the theme, from the sultry False Maria in Fritz Lang“s silent masterpiece “Metropolis“ to the wittering C3PO i

13、n “Star Wars“ and the ruthless assassin of “Terminator“. Humanoid robots have walked into our collective subconscious, colouring our views of the future. But now Japan“s industrial giants are spending billions of yen to make such robots a reality. Their new humanoids represent impressive feats of en

14、gineering: when Honda introduced Asimo, a four-foot robot that had been in development for some 15 years, it walked so fluidly that its white, articulated exterior seemed to conceal a human. Honda continues to make the machine faster, friendlier and more agile. Last October, when Asimo was inducted

15、into the Robot Hall of Fame in Pittsburgh, it walked on to the stage and accepted its own plaque. At two and a half feet tall, Sony“s QRIO is smaller and more to like than Asimo. It walks, understands a small number of voice commands, and can navigate on its own. If it falls over, it gets up and res

16、umes where it left off. It can even connect wirelessly to the internet and broadcast what its camera eyes can see. In 2003, Sony demonstrated an upgraded QRIO that could run. Honda responded last December with a version of Asimo that runs at twice the speed. In 2004, Toyota joined the fray with its

17、own family of robots, called Partner, one of which is a four-foot humanoid that plays the trumpet. Its fingers work the instrument“s valves, and it has mechanical lungs and artificial lips. Toyota hopes to offer a commercial version of the robot by 2010. This month, 50 Partner robots will act as gui

18、des at Expo 2005 in Aichi, Japan. Despite their sudden proliferation, however, humanoids are still a mechanical minority. Most of the world“s robots are faceless, footless and mute. They are bolted to the floors of factories, stamping out car parts or welding pieces of metal, machines making more ma

19、chines. According to the United Nations, business orders for industrial robots jumped 18% in the first half of 2004. They may soon be outnumbered by domestic robots, such as self-navigating vacuum cleaners, lawn mowers and window washers, which are selling fast. But neither industrial nor domestic r

20、obots are humanoid.（分数：10.00）(1).In the first paragraph the author introduces his topic by relating（分数：2.00）A.the idea of humanoid robots.B.Karl Capek“s creation of robots.C.Hollywood“s production of robot films.D.the origin and popular films about robots.(2).According to the description of the auth

21、or, Asimo（分数：2.00）A.is in the shape of a human being.B.is in the form of an animal instead of a human being.C.seems more like a human being than a robot in appearance.D.seems more like a machine than a human being in action.(3).Sony“s QRIO could carry out all the following work EXCEPT（分数：2.00）A.walk

22、ing freely as it wishes.B.understanding a few voice commands.C.navigating automatically.D.resuming walk when it falls over.(4).From the passage we may infer that the Toyota“s Partner（分数：2.00）A.is much better than any other robots.B.is no more than a mechanic device.C.may be put into mass production.

23、D.may have some practical value.(5).Judging from the context, this passage is probably written（分数：2.00）A.in 2004.B.in 2005.C.between 2003-2004.D.between 2004-2005.If you are what you eat, then you are also what you buy to eat. And mostly what people buy is scrawled onto a grocery list, those etherea

24、l scraps of paper that record the shorthand of where we shop and how we feed ourselves. Most grocery lists end up in the garbage. But if you live in St. Louis, they might have a half-life you never imagined: as a cultural document, posted on the Internet. For the past decade, Bill Keaggy, 33, the fe

25、atures photo editor at The St. Louis Post-Dispatch, has been collecting grocery lists and since 1999 has been posting them online at www. Grocery lists, org. The collection, which now numbers more than 500 lists, is strangely addictive. The lists elicit two-fold curiosityabout the kind of meal the p

26、erson was planning and the kind of person who would make such a meal. What was the shopper with vodka, lighters, milk and ice cream on his list planning to do with them? In what order would they be consumed? Was it a he or a she? Who had written “Tootie food, kitten chow, bird food stick, toaster sc

27、rambles, coffee drinks“? Some shoppers organize their lists by aisle; others start with dairy, go to cleaning supplies and then back to dairy before veering off to Home Depot. A few meticulous ones note the price of every item. One shopper had written in large letters on an envelope, simply, “Milk“.

28、 The thin lines of ink and pencil jutting and looping across crinkled and torn pieces of paper have a purely graphic beauty. One of life“s most banal duties, viewed through the curatorial lens, can somehow seem pregnant with possibility. It can even appear poetic, as in the list that reads “meat, ci

29、gs, buns, treats“. One thing Keaggy discovered is that Dan Quayle is not alonefew people can spell bananas and bagels, let alone potato. One list calls for “suchi“ and “strimp“. “Some people pass judgment on the things they buy,“ Keaggy says. At the end of one list, the shopper wrote “Bud Light“ and

30、 then “good beer“. Another scribbled “good loaf of white bread“. Some pass judgment on themselves, like the shopper who wrote “read, stay home or go somewhere, I act like my mom, go to Kentucky, underwear, lemon“. People send messages to one another, too. Buried in one list is this statement: “If yo

31、u buy more rice, I“ll punch you.“ And plenty of shoppers, like the one with both ice cream and diet pills on the list, reveal their vices.（分数：10.00）(1).What would people usually do with their grocery list after shopping?（分数：2.00）A.Buying what it is scrawled on the paper.B.Recording the shorthand of

32、where we shop.C.Throwing it into the dustbin.D.Posting it on the Internet.(2).Bill Keaggy collects grocery lists because（分数：2.00）A.he wants to post them online.B.he is curious about the list writers.C.he tries to find out something behind them.D.he does it for amusement.(3).Was it a he or a she(Para

33、graph 2) may be replaced by（分数：2.00）A.Who did it.B.Who was the person who wrote it.C.Did he or she write it.D.Was it written by a man or a women.(4).Through studying grocery lists, Bill Keaggy finds that（分数：2.00）A.Dan Quayle is the only person in misspelling.B.fewer people can spell bananas and bage

34、ls correctly.C.misspelling occurs most frequently in writing “potato“.D.some people misspell “sushi“ for “suchi“, and “shrimp“ for “strimp“.(5).The last sentence of the passage implies that（分数：2.00）A.ice cream and diet pills hide one“s vices.B.ice cream and diet pills are not good food.C.plenty of s

35、hoppers do not buy their right grocery.D.one“s defects in character may be reflected on the grocery list.When I was a child in Sunday school, I would ask searching questions like “Angels can fly up in heaven, but how do clouds hold up pianos?“ and get the same puzzling response about how that was no

36、t important, what was important was that Jesus died for our sins and if we accepted him as our savior, when we died, we would go to heaven, where we“d get everything we wanted. Some children in my class wondered why anyone would hang on a cross with nails stuck through his hands to help anyone else;

37、 I wondered how Santa Claus knew what I wanted for Christmas, even though I never wrote him a letter. Maybe he had a tape recorder hidden in every chimney in the world. This literal-mindedness has stuck with me; one result of it is that I am unable to believe in God. Most of the other atheists I kno

38、w seem to feel freed or proud of their unbelief, as if they“ve cleverly refused to be sold snake oil. My husband, who was reared in a devout Catholic family and served as an altar boy, is also firmly grounded on this earth. He doesn“t even have the desire to believe. So other than baptizing our son

39、to reassure our families, we“ve skated over the issue of faith. Some people believe faith is a gift; for others, it“s a choice, a matter of spiritual discipline. I have a friend who was reared to believe, and he does. But his faith has wavered. He has struggled to hang onto it and to pass it along t

40、o his children. Another friend of mine never goes to church because she“s a single mother who doesn“t have the gas money. But she once told me about a day when she was washing oranges as the sun streamed onto them. As she peeled one, the smell rose to her face, and she felt she received the Holy Spi

41、rit. “He sank into my bones,“ she recounted. “I lifted my palms upward, feeling filled with love.“ Being no theologian, and not even a believer, I am not in a position to offer up theories, but mine is this: people who receive faith directly, as a spontaneous combustion of the soul, have fewer quest

42、ions. They have been sparked with a faith that is more unshakable than that of those who have been taught.（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph of the passage we know that（分数：2.00）A.the author was a Sunday school boy.B.the author used to be puzzled at many things.C.the school didn“t teach the child

43、ren enough knowledge.D.tape recorders were popular in daily life.(2).The word “his“ in “a cross with nails stuck through his hands“(Paragraph 1) refers to（分数：2.00）A.Jesus“.B.a child“s.C.anyone“s.D.Santa Claus“.(3).It can be inferred from the second paragraph that（分数：2.00）A.the author believes in God

44、.B.most people are atheists.C.most American families baptize their babies.D.the author has a religious family background.(4).In the third paragraph the author uses the example of the single mother to indicate that faith（分数：2.00）A.is a gift.B.is a choice.C.can be easily wavered.D.is a spontaneous imp

45、ulse.(5).Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?（分数：2.00）A.The Issue of Faith.B.A Child“s Fancy.C.The Belief in God.D.The Combustion of Soul.According to studies cited by the National Eating Disorders Association, 42 percent of girls in first through third grade want to be thinn

46、er, 81 percent of 10-year-olds are afraid of being fat, and 51 percent of 9-and 10-year-old girls feel better about themselves if they are on a diet. In many ways, this fixation on weight at ever earlier ages comes at an inopportune time physiologically. At a recent Hadassah meeting at the Woodlands

47、 Community Temple in White Plains, Dr. Marcie Schneider, the director of adolescent medicine at Greenwich Hospital, and Erica Leon, a registered dietitian, spoke about early adolescence as a time when a little hit of pudginess is necessary for proper growth, and youngsters wrestle constantly with th

48、eir body image. “I can“t tell you how many kids I“ve seen who“ve been on the Atkins diet, or on the South Beach diet,“ Ms. Leon said, adding that overweight children who try diets can be at risk of developing eating disorders. After the presentation, three mothers from Hartsdale who wanted to help their children avoid such issues spoke about how their young daughters are already beginning to become weight-conscious. Anorexia is a mental illness in which the victim eats barely enough to survive, because her distorted thinking makes her think she