【考研类试卷】考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷80及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 80 及答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_The news about vitamins keeps getting worse. Many studies published in the las

2、t few years shows that a variety of popular supplements don“t do anything to reduce the risk of developing heart disease, stroke or a variety of cancers. But what about multivitamins? These combination pills, which【C1】_10 to 30 vitamins and【C2】_, are the most popular supplements sold in America. A r

3、eport published recently suggests they shouldn“t be. The study【C3】_161,808 participants in the Women“s Health Initiative, a long-term effort to【C4】_risk factors for cancer, heart disease and bone health in elderly women.【C5】_in the nationwide study included white, black, Asian and Native American wo

4、men. They were followed for an average of nearly eight years.【C6】_, 41.5% of study participants took some version of a multivitamin. Those women were more likely to be white and college-educated, live in the West, exercise and have a lower body mass index. However, women who took multivitamins weren

5、t any more likely to【C7】_a diagnosis of breast, lung, stomach, and other cancers than were women who didn“t take multivitamins. Nor were multivitamins in general helpful in【C8】_heart attacks, strokes or reducing the risk of death from any【C9】_during the study period. The research team did find one【

6、C10】_benefit: The 3,741 women who took stress multivitaminsformulations【C11】_higher doses of several B vitamins along with an extra amount of vitamin Cwere 25% less likely to have a heart attack. No other correlations between vitamins and health outcomes were statistically【C12】_. The study provides【

7、C13】_evidence that multivitamin use has little or no【C14】_on the risk of common cancers, heart disease or total mortality in elderly women.【C15】_, researchers wondered, “Why do millions of Americans use a daily multivitamin for【C16】_disease prevention when the supporting scientific data are weak?“ S

8、ome physicians continue to【C17】_them for patients whose diets may have nutritional【C18】_. And since they don“t require a prescription, many people simply【C19】_they are safe. But those assumptions may not be【C20】_, especially if people wind up overdosing on vitamins and minerals, the researchers wrot

9、e.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.generateB.representC.containD.scrape(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.fatsB.mineralsC.proteinsD.grains(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.protectedB.assignedC.markedD.tracked(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.accustomB.concedeC.identifyD.overlook(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.SubjectsB.StaffsC.DesignersD.Interviewees(6).【C6】（分数

10、2.00）A.LikewiseB.OverallC.ThereforeD.Meanwhile(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.live throughB.give awayC.hold backD.ward off(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.treatingB.predictingC.survivingD.preventing(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.hurtB.causeC.distressD.infection(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.modestB.prominentC.subordinateD.alternative(11).【C11】（分数

11、2.00）A.withB.onC.forD.in(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.definiteB.essentialC.significantD.glorious(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.promisingB.puzzlingC.convincingD.embarrassing(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.capacityB.influenceC.connectionD.guidance(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.OtherwiseB.YetC.BesidesD.So(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.chronicB.emotio

12、nalC.acuteD.psychological(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.preserveB.approveC.recommendD.administer(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.needsB.productsC.changesD.gaps(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.complainB.assumeC.anticipateD.deny(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.advancedB.testifiedC.warrantedD.regulatedLast September, the U.S. government announced

13、that its birthrate fell to “another record low“. Morally speaking, there“s nothing wrong with this. It“s【C1】_. in a way. All over the world, birthrates tend to fall a-long with economic development. The thing about an increasingly childless economy is that it has major implications for【C2】_. It is c

14、onfirmed by a new data from a Gallup survey【C3】_on the average daily spending of families. Even after you control for income, age, education, and【C4】_status, families with young kids spend more every day. What are parents spending on? Not just books, toys, and games. The Department of Agriculture【C5

15、surveys the many ways we spend on our kids, to the tune of about $14,000 a year. The【C6】_majority of money goes to the【C7】_: housing, food, transportation, and education. Housing is kind of funny, because young children tend not to have their housing units,【C8】_the parents are extremely well-off a

16、nd the children are terribly misbehaved. The survey estimates the housing portion of spending by trying to【C9】_a few factors: the cost of an extra bedroom, the cost of moving into safer【C10】_with better schools, and the cost of buying homes with larger yards. It is【C11】_that on economic growth, some

17、 of the most discussed variables on editorial pages and cable news are policy choices like tax rates or international events. But buried【C12】_these headlines is the glacier of demographics, the steady and unyielding force of human numbers to【C13】_the economy. The【C14】_in U.S. birthrates in recent ye

18、ars has almost certainly had a negative effect on consumer spending (and,【C15】_, lower birthrates are probably an outcome of the recession). In particular, childless couples don“t need space for more kids so they“re less【C16】_to buy homes in the suburbs,【C17】_demand for housing that badly needs to s

19、ell more homes. In other words,【C18】_families and less household formation【C19】_the U.S. economy of housing and transportation spending, which has historically accounted for half of family【C20】_.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.interestingB.naturalC.beneficialD.doubtful(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.productionB.dis

20、tributionC.resourcesD.consumption(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.releasedB.createdC.countedD.informed(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.maritalB.culturalC.economicD.healthy(5).【C5】（分数：2.00）A.latelyB.fairlyC.annuallyD.hardly(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.impressiveB.potentialC.absurdD.overwhelming(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.commoditiesB.basicsC.equi

21、pmentD.accommodations(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.untilB.sinceC.unlessD.if(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.account forB.abide byC.answer toD.back up(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.environmentB.apartmentsC.communitiesD.countryside(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.importantB.surprisedC.definiteD.common(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.behindB.underneathC.around

22、D.between(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.conquerB.handleC.describeD.shape(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.dropB.tumbleC.newsD.survey(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.in generalB.in briefC.in turnD.in consequence(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.sillyB.likelyC.costlyD.lively(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.increasingB.creatingC.depressingD.eliminating(18).【C18

23、分数：2.00）A.smallerB.poorerC.youngerD.smarter(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.warnsB.deprivesC.remindsD.clears(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.assetsB.eventsC.troublesD.expenditures考研英语二（完形填空）-试卷 80 答案解析(总分：120.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数：3，分数：120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Cho

24、ose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.（分数：40.00）_解析：The news about vitamins keeps getting worse. Many studies published in the last few years shows that a variety of popular supplements don“t do anything to reduce the risk of developing heart disease, stroke or a variety

25、 of cancers. But what about multivitamins? These combination pills, which【C1】_10 to 30 vitamins and【C2】_, are the most popular supplements sold in America. A report published recently suggests they shouldn“t be. The study【C3】_161,808 participants in the Women“s Health Initiative, a long-term effort

26、to【C4】_risk factors for cancer, heart disease and bone health in elderly women.【C5】_in the nationwide study included white, black, Asian and Native American women. They were followed for an average of nearly eight years.【C6】_, 41.5% of study participants took some version of a multivitamin. Those wo

27、men were more likely to be white and college-educated, live in the West, exercise and have a lower body mass index. However, women who took multivitamins weren“t any more likely to【C7】_a diagnosis of breast, lung, stomach, and other cancers than were women who didn“t take multivitamins. Nor were mul

28、tivitamins in general helpful in【C8】_heart attacks, strokes or reducing the risk of death from any【C9】_during the study period. The research team did find one【C10】_benefit: The 3,741 women who took stress multivitaminsformulations【C11】_higher doses of several B vitamins along with an extra amount of

29、 vitamin Cwere 25% less likely to have a heart attack. No other correlations between vitamins and health outcomes were statistically【C12】_. The study provides【C13】_evidence that multivitamin use has little or no【C14】_on the risk of common cancers, heart disease or total mortality in elderly women.【C

30、15】_, researchers wondered, “Why do millions of Americans use a daily multivitamin for【C16】_disease prevention when the supporting scientific data are weak?“ Some physicians continue to【C17】_them for patients whose diets may have nutritional【C18】_. And since they don“t require a prescription, many p

31、eople simply【C19】_they are safe. But those assumptions may not be【C20】_, especially if people wind up overdosing on vitamins and minerals, the researchers wrote.（分数：40.00）(1).【C1】（分数：2.00）A.generateB.representC.contain D.scrape解析：解析：关系代词 which 充当从句的主语，指代先行词 combination pills(复合片剂)，即上一句子中的 multivitam

32、ins(复合维生素)。复合维生素是各种维生素按照比例合成的，C 项 contain“包含，含有”可说明复合维生素中含有维生素。(2).【C2】（分数：2.00）A.fatsB.minerals C.proteinsD.grains解析：解析：空格处名词与 vitamins 一起作定语从句的宾语。除了维生素，复合维生素还一般含有微量元素，因此 B 项 minerals“矿物质”正确。(3).【C3】（分数：2.00）A.protectedB.assignedC.markedD.tracked 解析：解析：句子中的同位语成分 a long-term effort to表明该项研究是一个长期项目，由

33、此可推断研究需要进行跟踪调查参与者的健康因素。D 项 tracked“跟踪，追踪”满足语义要求也对应本段第三句话中的 followed 一词。(4).【C4】（分数：2.00）A.accustomB.concedeC.identify D.overlook解析：解析：a long-term effort to是对主语 The study 的进一步解释。the Women“s Health Initiative 是美国妇女健康项目，它致力于解决女性的健康问题。因此此研究应试图发现二些重大疾病的危险因素。C 项 identify“识别，确定”，表示“确定危险因素”。(5).【C5】（分数：2.00

34、A.Subjects B.StaffsC.DesignersD.Interviewees解析：解析：上一句子说明研究调查了 161，808 名参与者，可判断上句中的“参与者”就是此句宾语中提到的 white，black，Asian and Native American women。换言之，这些女性是被研究的对象。A 项Subjects“主体”代入此语境表示“研究对象”或“研究的受试者”，符合表达习惯。(6).【C6】（分数：2.00）A.LikewiseB.Overall C.ThereforeD.Meanwhile解析：解析：空格后句子意为“有 415的受调查者服用某种形式的复合维生素”

35、下句话又提到这些女性的肤色、教育背景、生活习惯等，这显然是对受试者基本情况的一个大致介绍。因此 B 项Overall“总之，总体上”符合语义要求。(7).【C7】（分数：2.00）A.live throughB.give awayC.hold backD.ward off 解析：解析：文章首段指出维生素和很多营养补充剂都不能减少患上心脏病、癌症的风险，可见它不具备预防这些疾病的功能。D 项 ward off“避免，抵挡”代入后表示服用复合维生素的女性“并没有较少地被诊断出”各项癌症，满足语义要求确。(8).【C8】（分数：2.00）A.treatingB.predictingC.surviv

36、ingD.preventing 解析：解析：上一句子说明复合维生素并不能有效降低女性罹患癌症的几率，本句句首的 Nor 一词则表明它对其他疾病也没有预防作用。D 项 preventing“阻止，预防”代入后表示“在预防心脏病等疾病方面，复合维生素总体上没有帮助”。(9).【C9】（分数：2.00）A.hurtB.cause C.distressD.infection解析：解析：从语义上看，句子说明复合维生素在减少死亡风险或降低死亡率(reducing the riskof death)方面不起作用。空格所需词紧随介词 from 后，表示能造成死亡的原因，因此 B 项 cause“原因，缘由”正

37、确。(10).【C10】（分数：2.00）A.modest B.prominentC.subordinateD.alternative解析：解析：从空格后冒号的内容可以看出，在各种各样的复合维生素中，只有强化复合维生素(stress multivitamins)对心脏病有预防作用，并且预防效果也并不突出(只降低 25的几率)，由此可认为复合维生素预防心脏病的效果相当有限。A 项 modest 有“适度的，有限的”意思，代入后可表示复合维生素有一定的预防作用。(11).【C11】（分数：2.00）A.with B.onC.forD.in解析：解析：所需介词引导空格后的内容共同修饰 formula

38、tions(配方)。从语义上看，介词引导的成分说明配方的具体内容，因此空格处介词应能表示伴随或解释说明。A 项 with“具有”符合语义要求。故正确。(12).【C12】（分数：2.00）A.definiteB.essentialC.significant D.glorious解析：解析：上文虽然提到强化维生素能在一定程度上降低女性的心脏病发作几率，但除了此项结论，没有给出其他支持维生素能防癌的结论。另外。本文的一个重要观点是复合维生素对癌症、心脏病以及其他疾病没有预防作用。由此可以推断：在维生素与健康之间的相互关系方面，没有其他的显著发现。C 项significant“重要的，值得注意的”搭

39、配 statistically 表示“有显著的统计意义”，符合语义要求。(13).【C13】（分数：2.00）A.promisingB.puzzlingC.convincing D.embarrassing解析：解析：本文给出的结论是复合维生素不能有效预防癌症等疾病。C 项 convincing“令人信服的”代入后可指该项研究提供了令人信服的证据，证明复合维生素不能预防癌症等疾病。(14).【C14】（分数：2.00）A.capacityB.influence C.connectionD.guidance解析：解析：文章提出“复合维生素不能预防癌症、心脏病等疾病”的基本观点，因此相应的证据也应

40、证明服用复合维生素对于减少老年女性患癌症、心脏病和总体死亡率等方面没有什么效果。noinfluence on指“在方面没影响”，选 B 项。(15).【C15】（分数：2.00）A.OtherwiseB.YetC.BesidesD.So 解析：解析：上句提到证据表明复合维生素不能预防癌症等疾病，基于这一研究发现，研究者才会对“上百万的美国人每天服用复合维生素”感到困惑。空格所需词应体现前后句子间的这一因果语义关系。因此D 项 So 正确。(16).【C16】（分数：2.00）A.chronic B.emotionalC.acuteD.psychological解析：解析：在文章中，与研究绂现相

41、关的介绍总是把服用复合维生素和癌症、心脏病等疾病的诊断或发病率联系在一起，这类病属于慢性疾病。A 项 chronic“慢性的”搭配 disease prevention 意为“慢性病的预防”。(17).【C17】（分数：2.00）A.preserveB.approveC.recommend D.administer解析：解析：空格后代词 them 指代的是 multivitamins。一般医生(physicians)会根据病人的饮食建议病人服用复合维生素。C 项 recommend“建议”符合语义要求。(18).【C18】（分数：2.00）A.needsB.productsC.changesD

42、gaps 解析：解析：只有饮食中营养不均衡或营养不足，医生才会让病人服用复合维生素。D 项 gaps“差距，缺陷”代入后指病人饮食并没有达到营养标准。(19).【C19】（分数：2.00）A.complainB.assume C.anticipateD.deny解析：解析：由于复合维生素不需要处方，会导致许多人理所当然认为它是安全的。B 项 assume“假设，假定”符合要求，也能进一步对应下句中 those assumptions。(20).【C20】（分数：2.00）A.advancedB.testifiedC.warranted D.regulated解析：解析：句中的连接词 But

43、表明上一句的那些想法(those assumptions)不一定正确。C 项warranted“保证的，正当的”代入后表明那些臆断是没有保障的。Last September, the U.S. government announced that its birthrate fell to “another record low“. Morally speaking, there“s nothing wrong with this. It“s【C1】_. in a way. All over the world, birthrates tend to fall a-long with econo

44、mic development. The thing about an increasingly childless economy is that it has major implications for【C2】_. It is confirmed by a new data from a Gallup survey【C3】_on the average daily spending of families. Even after you control for income, age, education, and【C4】_status, families with young kids

45、 spend more every day. What are parents spending on? Not just books, toys, and games. The Department of Agriculture【C5】_surveys the many ways we spend on our kids, to the tune of about $14,000 a year. The【C6】_majority of money goes to the【C7】_: housing, food, transportation, and education. Housing i

46、s kind of funny, because young children tend not to have their housing units,【C8】_the parents are extremely well-off and the children are terribly misbehaved. The survey estimates the housing portion of spending by trying to【C9】_a few factors: the cost of an extra bedroom, the cost of moving into sa

47、fer【C10】_with better schools, and the cost of buying homes with larger yards. It is【C11】_that on economic growth, some of the most discussed variables on editorial pages and cable news are policy choices like tax rates or international events. But buried【C12】_these headlines is the glacier of demogr

48、aphics, the steady and unyielding force of human numbers to【C13】_the economy. The【C14】_in U.S. birthrates in recent years has almost certainly had a negative effect on consumer spending (and,【C15】_, lower birthrates are probably an outcome of the recession). In particular, childless couples don“t need space