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【考研类试卷】考研英语(完形填空)-试卷68及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语(完形填空)-试卷 68 及答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_The idea that people might be chosen or rejected for jobs on the basis of their

2、 genes disturbs many. Such【C1】_may, however, be a step【C2】_, thanks to work just published in Current Biology by Derk-Jan Dijk and his colleagues at the University of Surrey, in England. Dr. Dijk studies the biology of timekeepingin particular of the part of the internal body-clock that【C3】_people t

3、o sleep and wakes them up. One of the genes involved in【C4】_this clock is known as PER3 and【C5】_in two forms. Dr. Dijk“s work【C6】_ that one of these forms is more conducive to night-shift work than the other. The two forms of PER3【C7】_ into two slightly different proteins, one of which is longer tha

4、n the other. 【C8】_work by this group showed that people with two short versions of the gene are more likely to be “owls“,【C9】_ to get up late and go to bed late. “Larks“【C10】_, early risers, have two long versions. Pursuing this【C11】_of enquiry, Dr. Dijk and his team have been studying how such peop

5、le【C12】_to sleep deprivation. Two dozen volunteers, some genetic owls and some genetic larks, were forced to stay awake for two days. The genetic larks reacted to this worse than the owls did.【C13】_, larks given memory tests and puzzles to【C14】_between the hours of four and eight in the morning turn

6、ed【C15】_far worse performances than did owls. What【C16】_ that may have for employers is not fully clear. Nevertheless, it is intriguing. There may 【C17】_come a time when employers【C18】_night shifts will want a blood sample from【C19】_employees【C20】_ to protect themselves against negligence suits shou

7、ld someone have an accident.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.dispositionB.distractionC.discriminationD.discrepancy(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.aheadB.closerC.fartherD.backward(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.helpsB.allowsC.causesD.sends(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.regulatingB.reformingC.requestingD.reviewing(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.fallsB.lie

8、sC.comesD.consists(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.suggestsB.advisesC.objectsD.ensures(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.separateB.translateC.freightD.integrate(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.SubsequentB.LatestC.PresentD.Previous(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.hopingB.resolvingC.intendingD.preferring(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.to be specificB.so to speakC.in ot

9、her wordsD.put simply(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.runB.lineC.chainD.train(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.manageB.yieldC.respondD.adapt(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.In shortB.In particularC.In any eventD.On the contrary(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.solveB.answerC.workD.settle(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.upB.onC.inD.over(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.pref

10、erencesB.inferencesC.requirementsD.implications(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.everB.justC.alsoD.yet(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.runningB.workingC.operatingD.raising(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.successiveB.prospectiveC.conservativeD.tentative(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.in caseB.that isC.if onlyD.or elseEvery human being has unique a

11、rrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the【C1】_of finger-prints and discovered that no【C2】_similar pattern is【C3】_ from parents to children,【C4】_nobody knows why this is the【C5】_. The ridge【C6】_on a person“ finger doesn“t change【C7】

12、_growth and is not affected by【C8】_injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the【C9】_part of the skin will be replaced【C10】_by a new one which bears the reproduction of the【C11】_ pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured that the arrangement will be 【C12】_. Some criminals make use of this

13、to【C13】_ their own finger-prints【C14】_this is a dangerous and rare step to【C15】_. Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer“s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method,【C16】_can be achieved successfully within a short time.【C17】_the simplicity and economy of this system, finge

14、r-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A【C18】_man may deny the charge but this may be【C19】_. His finger-prints can prove who he is even his【C20】_ has been changed by age or accident.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.uselessnessB.quantityC.magnitudeD.uniqueness(2).【C2】(分数:2.00

15、)A.naturallyB.exactlyC.especiallyD.particularly(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.passed onB.passed awayC.passed outD.passed off(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.ifB.whenC.thoughD.as(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.reasonB.causeC.groundD.case(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.constructionB.structureC.locationD.position(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.withB.because ofC.unti

16、lD.under(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.graveB.severeC.substantialD.superficial(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.outsideB.outwardC.innerD.outer(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.in timeB.on timeC.at timesD.behind time(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.originalB.differentC.definiteD.customary(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.restoredB.hurtC.destroyedD.restricted(13).【

17、C13】(分数:2.00)A.diminishB.disposeC.undermineD.remove(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.andB.butC.whenD.if(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.makeB.takeC.doD.adapt(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.realizationB.detectionC.identificationD.investigation(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.In spite ofB.Irrespective ofC.Because ofD.In case of(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.

18、suspectedB.doubtedC.distrustedD.doubtful(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.out of caseB.in vainC.at randomD.in question(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.lookB.expressionC.appearanceD.sight考研英语(完形填空)-试卷 68 答案解析(总分:120.00,做题时间:90 分钟)一、Use of English(总题数:3,分数:120.00)1.Section I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text.

19、Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D.(分数:40.00)_解析:The idea that people might be chosen or rejected for jobs on the basis of their genes disturbs many. Such【C1】_may, however, be a step【C2】_, thanks to work just published in Current Biology by Derk-Jan Dijk and his co

20、lleagues at the University of Surrey, in England. Dr. Dijk studies the biology of timekeepingin particular of the part of the internal body-clock that【C3】_people to sleep and wakes them up. One of the genes involved in【C4】_this clock is known as PER3 and【C5】_in two forms. Dr. Dijk“s work【C6】_ that o

21、ne of these forms is more conducive to night-shift work than the other. The two forms of PER3【C7】_ into two slightly different proteins, one of which is longer than the other. 【C8】_work by this group showed that people with two short versions of the gene are more likely to be “owls“,【C9】_ to get up

22、late and go to bed late. “Larks“【C10】_, early risers, have two long versions. Pursuing this【C11】_of enquiry, Dr. Dijk and his team have been studying how such people【C12】_to sleep deprivation. Two dozen volunteers, some genetic owls and some genetic larks, were forced to stay awake for two days. The

23、 genetic larks reacted to this worse than the owls did.【C13】_, larks given memory tests and puzzles to【C14】_between the hours of four and eight in the morning turned【C15】_far worse performances than did owls. What【C16】_ that may have for employers is not fully clear. Nevertheless, it is intriguing.

24、There may 【C17】_come a time when employers【C18】_night shifts will want a blood sample from【C19】_employees【C20】_ to protect themselves against negligence suits should someone have an accident.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数:2.00)A.dispositionB.distractionC.discrimination D.discrepancy解析:解析:考查上下文语义及名词辨析。文章首句指出:

25、能否得到一份工作可能取决于基因,这一观点让很多人感到不安。Such 修饰空格处名词,指代首句提到的内容。“基因决定某人能否得到工作”就是对拥有某些基因的人群的“歧视”。因此正确答案为 Cdiscrimination“歧视”。disposition 意为“性情,性格;倾向,意向”,distraction 意为“分散注意力的事,娱乐”;discrepancy 意为“差异,出入”,均不符合题意。(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.aheadB.closer C.fartherD.backward解析:解析:考查习惯搭配。空格处所在句意为:但是由于几位研究者公布的研究结果,这种歧视可能_。根据下文可

26、知,研究证明基因对人的工作效率产生影响,从而说明“基因决定某人能否得到工作”这一歧视可能有理可循。Bcloser“更接近的”,代入文中,指“这种歧视却可能更接近(事实)一步”,符合文意,为正确答案。a step ahead 意为“领先一步”;a step farther 意为“更远一步”;a step backward 意为“后退一步”,三项均不符合文意。(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.helpsB.allowsC.causesD.sends 解析:解析:考查动词辨析。根据语境可知,空格处所在定语从句是用来说明人身体内部生物钟的作用:_人们睡觉或醒来。Dsends 可表示“使表现出(某种

27、行为),做出(某种反应)”,符合语境,为正确答案。help“帮助”;allow“允许”;cause“引起”,均不能准确解释生物钟与睡眠的关系。(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.regulating B.reformingC.requestingD.reviewing解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为:其中一种参与_生物钟的基因。Aregulating“控制,调节”,代入文中,表示“基因调控生物钟”,符合文意。reform“改革,革新”;request“请求,要求”;review“复查,复习,评论”,均不符合题意。(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.fallsB.liesC.com

28、es D.consists解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处动词与 in two forms 搭配,说明基因 PER3 有两种形态。come 可以表示“(物体)有(某种形状、尺寸、款式等)”,常与 in 连用,符合文意。fall 一般不与 in 搭配,而与into 搭配,意为“分成,进入”;lie in 意为“存在,在于”;consist in 意为“在于”,不符合文意,这三项均可排除。故正确答案为 Ccomes。(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.suggests B.advisesC.objectsD.ensures解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处所在句意为:研究者的研究_其中一种形态更有

29、助于夜班工作。suggest 可表示“显示,表明(某种观点)”,代入文中,表示“研究表明”,符合文意。advise“建议”;object“反对”;ensure“保证,确保”,均不符合题意。(7).【C7】(分数:2.00)A.separateB.translate C.freightD.integrate解析:解析:考查科学常涉及动词辨析。空格处所在句意为:基因 PER3 的两种形态_成为长短不同的两种蛋白质。Btranslate 与 into 搭配意为“转变,变成”,代入文中,表示“基因的两种形态转变成蛋白质”,符合文意。separate 与 into 搭配表示“分成(若干部分)”,frei

30、ght“运送”,不与 into搭配:integrate 与 into 搭配,表示“融人到中去,使成一体”,根据科学常识可知,基因不会“分成(separate)”蛋白质,也不会被“融入到(integrate)”蛋白质中。故答案为 Btranslate。(8).【C8】(分数:2.00)A.SubsequentB.LatestC.PresentD.Previous 解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。空格处表示“该研究小组_的研究”。由文章可知,该研究的结果是:拥有两种都可转化为较短蛋白质基因的人更有可能成为“夜猫子”,而“百灵鸟”类型的人则有两种都可转化为较长蛋白质的基因。前文提到的一项研究结果为“其中一

31、种形态比另一种对夜班工作更有益”。由此可以推知,前文的研究是在本处提到的研究的基础上得来的,因此本句的研究应该发生在前。因此正确答案为 DPrevious“先前的,以往的”。Subsequent“随后的”;Latest“最近的,最新的”;Present“现存的,当前的”,均不符合文意。(9).【C9】(分数:2.00)A.hopingB.resolvingC.intendingD.preferring 解析:解析:考查上下文语义。空格处所在句意为:夜猫子_晚睡晚起。根据文义可知,“夜猫子”应该是“更喜欢(prefer)”晚睡晚起的生活方式,而非“希望(hope)”、“决心(resolve)”或

32、是“打算(intend)”晚睡晚起。因此正确答案为 Dpreferring。(10).【C10】(分数:2.00)A.to be specificB.so to speakC.in other words D.put simply解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。破折号及空格处短语用来说明“百灵鸟”与“早睡早起的人”之间的关系,根据语境可知,此处在对比百灵鸟和夜猫子的生活习惯,因此可以推知,“百灵鸟”就是“早睡早起的人”,因此 Cin other words“换句话说”符合文意,为正确答案。to be specific“具体地说”;so to speak“可以这样说”;put simply“简单地说”

33、,均不符合题意。(11).【C11】(分数:2.00)A.runB.line C.chainD.train解析:解析:考查名词辨析。根据文意可知,空格处指代上文有关“夜猫子”、“百灵鸟”与基因有关的理论。Bline 可以表示“方法,方式”,代入文中,意为“沿着这个思路,狄克博士和他的研究小组一直在研究”,符合文意,为最佳选项。the run of sth意为“的态势”;a chain of sth意为“一连串”:the train of sth意为“一系列”,均不符合题意。(12).【C12】(分数:2.00)A.manageB.yieldC.respond D.adapt解析:解析:考查上下

34、文语义。空格处所在句意为:沿着这个思路,狄克博士和他的研究小组一直在研究这两种类型的人是如何_睡眠不足的。根据下文可知,研究主要是观察人在睡眠缺乏情况下是如何反应的,而不是研究他们如何“屈从于(yield)”或“适应(adapt)”睡眠不足的情况。manage“解决,应付”,一般与 with 搭配,不符合用法;respond to 意为“做出反应”,符合文意。因此正确答案为Crespond。(13).【C13】(分数:2.00)A.In shortB.In particular C.In any eventD.On the contrary解析:解析:考查逻辑关系及介词短语辨析。空格前阐述:在

35、被迫两天不睡的情况下,百灵鸟比夜猫子的反应要糟糕。空格后阐述:在早晨 4 点至 8 点间,百灵鸟的表现更差劲。由此推知,此处为递进关系。只有 BIn particular“特别,尤其”符合题意。因此正确答案为 B。In short“简言之”,表总结:In any event“无论如何”,表让步;On the contrary“相反”,表对比,均不符合题意。(14).【C14】(分数:2.00)A.solve B.answerC.workD.settle解析:解析:考查动词辨析。空格处所需动词与 to 构成不定式短语,修饰前面的 memory tests and puzzles,只有 solve

36、“解决,解答”符合文意,代入文中,表示“解答记忆力测试问题与智力游戏”。answer“回答,答复”;work 表示“解决,找出答案”时常与 out 连用,不符合此处用法;settle“解决(争论、争端等)”,不符合此处搭配。因此正确答案为 Asolve。(15).【C15】(分数:2.00)A.upB.onC.in D.over解析:解析:考查动词短语辨析。根据语境可知,本句意在表达:百灵鸟的表现要比夜猫子差很多。turn in sth表示“取得,完成,获得”,代入文中,表示百灵鸟完成测试的情况,符合语境。turn up 意为“开大,调高(音量等),找到,出现”;turn on 意为“打开,接

37、通,突然表现得,依靠”;turn over意为“翻转,认真思考”,均不符合文意。因此正确答案为 Cin。(16).【C16】(分数:2.00)A.preferencesB.inferencesC.requirementsD.implications 解析:解析:考查上下文语义及名词辨析。空格处所在处为 what 引导的名词性从句,正常语序为:that may have what _ for employers,implication 意为“可能的影响、结果或作用”,可以与介词for 搭配,代入文中,表示“这个研究会对雇主有何意义尚不完全清楚”,符合文意。preference 意为“偏爱,偏好”

38、;inference 意为“推断,结论”;requirement“要求,必要条件”,均不符合文意,因此正确答案为 Dimplications。(17).【C17】(分数:2.00)A.everB.justC.alsoD.yet 解析:解析:考查副词辨析。根据语境可知,空格处所在句子所涉及的是将来可能出现的情况。yet 与couldmay 等连用,可表示“总有一天,早晚”,代入文中,表示“的情况总有一天会出现”,符合文意。其他三项均不符合题意。故答案为 Dyet。(18).【C18】(分数:2.00)A.running B.workingC.operatingD.raising解析:解析:考查动

39、词辨析。空格处动词与 night shifts(夜班)搭配,作后置定语修饰 employers。run可以表示“开设,提供”,代入文中,表示“实行夜班制的雇主”,符合文意。work night shifts 意为“上夜班”,不符合文意;operate“操作”,raise“提高”,二者均不与 night shifts 搭配。因此答案为 Arunning。(19).【C19】(分数:2.00)A.successiveB.prospective C.conservativeD.tentative解析:解析:考查形容词辨析。空格处所在句意为:总有一天,实行夜班制的雇主会想要一份_雇员的血液样本,Bpr

40、ospective“潜在的,预期的”符合句意。successive 意为“相继的,连续的”;conservative 意为“保守的,传统的”;tentative“暂行的,试探性的”,均不符合文意。(20).【C20】(分数:2.00)A.in caseB.that isC.if only D.or else解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。空格前阐述:实行夜班制的雇主会想要一份潜在雇员的血液样本。空格后阐述:如果发生事故,就可以避免因为失职而被起诉。if only 可以表示“即使仅仅因为”,代入文中,表示原因,符合逻辑。in case“如果,假使”;that is “也就是说”;or else“要不然

41、”,均不可接后面的“to protect”。故正确答案为 Cif only。Every human being has unique arrangement of skin on his fingers and this arrangement is unchangeable. Scientists and experts have proved the【C1】_of finger-prints and discovered that no【C2】_similar pattern is【C3】_ from parents to children,【C4】_nobody knows why th

42、is is the【C5】_. The ridge【C6】_on a person“ finger doesn“t change【C7】_growth and is not affected by【C8】_injuries. Burns, cuts and other damages to the【C9】_part of the skin will be replaced【C10】_by a new one which bears the reproduction of the【C11】_ pattern. It is only when the inner skin is injured t

43、hat the arrangement will be 【C12】_. Some criminals make use of this to【C13】_ their own finger-prints【C14】_this is a dangerous and rare step to【C15】_. Finger-prints can be made very easily with a printer“s ink. They can be recorded easily. With special method,【C16】_can be achieved successfully within

44、 a short time.【C17】_the simplicity and economy of this system, finger-print have often been used as a method of solving criminal cases. A【C18】_man may deny the charge but this may be【C19】_. His finger-prints can prove who he is even his【C20】_ has been changed by age or accident.(分数:40.00)(1).【C1】(分数

45、:2.00)A.uselessnessB.quantityC.magnitudeD.uniqueness 解析:解析:考查名词辨析。根据语境可知,空格处强调的是“独一无二”。故 Duniqueness“独一无二,独特性”,符合题意,为正确答案。magnitude“大小,数量”;quantity“数量”;uselessness“无用性”,均不符合题意。(2).【C2】(分数:2.00)A.naturallyB.exactly C.especiallyD.particularly解析:解析:考查副词辨析。空格处副词修饰“similar pattern(类似模式)”,只有 Bexactly“确切地,

46、完全地”符合题意,在句中表示“完全相似”,为正确答案。naturally“自然地”;especially“特别,尤其,格外”;particularly“特别地,独特地”,均不符合题意。(3).【C3】(分数:2.00)A.passed on B.passed awayC.passed outD.passed off解析:解析:考查动词短语辨析。Apassed on“把传递给另外的人”,代入句中,表示“由父母传递给孩子”,符合文意,为正确答案。pass away“去世”;pass out“失去知觉,昏倒”;pass off“中止,停止”,均不符合题意。(4).【C4】(分数:2.00)A.ifB

47、.whenC.though D.as解析:解析:考查逻辑关系。根据语境可知,空格前后存在让步关系。though“尽管”,与句意相符,故正确答案为 Cthough。if“如果”,引导条件状语从句;when“当时候”,引导时间状语从句;as 可以引导让步状语从句,但需倒装;三项均不符合题意。(5).【C5】(分数:2.00)A.reasonB.causeC.groundD.case 解析:解析:考查名词辨析。本句译文:科学家和专家也已证明指纹的独特性,并发现由父母传给子女的指纹没有完全相似的,尽管没有人知道为什么会这样。Dcase “隋况,情景”,符合语境,为正确答案。其他三项均不符合题意。(6).【C6】(分数:2.00)A.constructionB.structure C.locationD.position解析:解析:考查名词辨析。从上下文的意思来看,此处指一个人手指上脊的“构造”,Bstructure“构造,结构”符合句意,为正确答案。construction“建造,建设”;location“定位置;位置”;position(1)“位置”:in position(在适当的位置

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