【考研类试卷】考研英语（阅读）-试卷27及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语（阅读）-试卷 27及答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：7，分数：70.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_As college seniors hurtle into the job hunt, little l

2、ies on the resumefor example, claiming a degree when they“re three credits shy of graduationseem harmless enough. So new grads ought to read this memo now: those 20-year-old falsehoods on cream-colored, 32-lb. premium paper have ruined so many high-profile executives that you wonder who in the busin

3、ess world hasn“t got themessage.A.resume listing two fabricated degrees led to the resignation of David Edmondson, CEO of RadioShack, in February. Untruthful resume have also hindered the careers of executives at the U.S. Olympic Committee. The headlines haven“t dented job seekers“ desire to dissemb

4、le even as employers have grown increasingly able to detect deception. InfoLink Screening Services, a background-checking company, estimates that 14% of job applicants in the U.S. lie about their education on their resumes. Employees who lie to get in the door can cause untold damage on a business,

5、experts say, from staining the reputation and credibility of a firm to upending co-workers and projects to igniting shareholder wrathand that“s if the he is found out. Even when it isn“t, the falsified resume can indicate a deeply rooted inclination toward unethical behavior. “There“s a lot of evide

6、nce that those who cheat on job applications also cheat in school and in life,“ says Richard Griffith, director of the industrial and organizational psychology program at the Florida Institute of Technology. “If someone says they have a degree and they don“t, I“d have little faith that person would

7、tell the truth when it came to financial statements and so on.“ Employers“ fears have sparked a boom in the background-screening industry. But guarding the henhouse does little good if the fox is already nestled inside. To unmask the deceivers among them, some employers are conducting checks upon pr

8、omotion. Verified Person markets its ability to provide ongoing employee screening through automated criminal checks. With this increased alertness comes a thorny new dilemma; figuring out whether every lie is really a fireable offense. Many bosses feel that a worker“s track record on the job speaks

9、 more strongly than a stretched resume, says John Challenger of the outplacement firm Challenger, Gray its only negative effect was a small one, on the wages of workers without a high-school diploma. And if by increasing the number of legal guest workers we reduced the number of undocumented workers

10、 the economy would benefit even more. Guest workers are also, paradoxically, less likely than illegal immigrants to become permanent residents. The U.S. already has a number of smallerand less well-designedtemporary-worker programs, and there“s no evidence that workers in those plans routinely over

11、stay their visas. One remarkable study found that after border enforcement was stepped up in 1993 the chances of an illegal immigrant returning to his homeland to stay fell by a third. In fact, whatever benefits the guest-worker program brought to the U.S. economy or to particular businesses, the bi

12、ggest winners would be the workers themselves. Congress, of course, is under no obligation to care about foreign workers. But the program“s costs to American workers are negligible, the gains for the guest workers are enormous, and the U.S. economy will benefit. This is that rare option which is bot

13、h sensible and politically possible.（分数：10.00）(1).In Paragraph 2, the author holds that the guest-worker program will _.（分数：2.00）A.arouse great concerns about illegal immigrationB.be a sensible way to solve the immigration problemsC.be hazardous to the improvement of working structureD.bring fierce

14、competitions to local laborers(2).Gianmarco Ottaviano and Giovanni Peri point out that immigration _.（分数：2.00）A.is immune from negative effectsB.has lead to economic prosperity and social stabilityC.has enhanced wages of most American workersD.will root out illegal documentation of workers(3).Which

15、of the following is true according to Paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.Illegal immigrants have more chances to stay permanently in the U.S. than guest workers.B.With stepped-up border control, illegal immigrants are more likely to stay in their homeland.C.Workers in temporary-worker programs usually pay no at

16、tention to their visa duration.D.Guest workers will not stay too long because of the enhanced border enforcement.(4).The plan of creating a new class of “guest workers“ _.（分数：2.00）A.has aroused criticism from conservatives, liberals and the business worldB.has allowed immigrants to work in the U.S.

17、for six consecutive yearsC.will benefit both businesses and immigrant labor employersD.will give people a good reason to treat such workers as slaves(5).What is the author“s attitude towards guest workers plan?（分数：2.00）A.Negligible.B.Obscure.C.Indifferent.D.Favorable.It was just a footnote compared

18、with the more infectious disaster that killed millions more people in 1918, but the 1957 influenza pandemic that sickened some 25 to 30 percent of the American population was a medical watershed for the clues that it offered about how a new strain of influenza could spread. Americans first got a whi

19、ff of the so-called Asian flu when Maurice Hilleman, aphysician at Walter Reed Hospital in Washington, D.C., read about an unusually large number of people-some 250,000who had come down with flu-like symptoms in Hong Kong. Concerned, he immediately requested samples from American servicemen in Asia

20、and within days had his answer. The genetic structure of this strain was like nothing immunologists had ever seen before. When the virus finally hit America: “It went like a house on fire,“ recallsD.A Henderson, then the chief of the United States Epidemic Intelligence Service. Worsened by school op

21、enings that fall, the flu spread so rapidly from a few counties in Louisiana that just eight weeks later it had heavily infected more than half the counties in nearly all 50 states. Although it wasn“t particularly potent, the 1957 strain killed about 80,000 Americans. The victims were predominantly

22、the very old and the very young, although the infection occasionally killed otherwise healthy adults as well. Pharmaceutical companies worked furiously to produce a vaccine, ultimately distributing some 40 million doses. But “they were just a little bit too late,“ says Arnold Monto, an influenza spe

23、cialist at the University of Michigan. “They only had significant doses available when the pandemic was peaking.“ Earlier, scarcities raised questions about who deserved the vaccine first.A set of official rules gave priority to military personnel and necessary civic workers, but that didn“t stop me

24、mbers of the San Francisco 49ers football team from getting vaccinated before police and firemen. Despite some manufacturing improvements, experts say the same shortages could occur with a pandemic today. And that concern has caused preparedness officials to plan for community interventions such as

25、school closings and isolation of sick people. But Henderson says, “It won“t work. And you don“t need a better example than “57. When you go from just a few scattered outbreaks in the end of August to the whole country infected in eight weeks, at a time when people didn“t travel as much as they do to

26、day and cities were not as densely populated, what do you think we“re going to see today?“ Better, he says, to have good vaccines and to ensure that the medical system can handle the extra load.（分数：10.00）(1).The word “footnote“ (Para. 1) means that the influenza in 1957 _.（分数：2.00）A.was less importa

27、nt in American medical historyB.imposed little influence on American populationC.was less serious in terms of death tollD.got less attention of American medical experts(2).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.（分数：2.00）A.the 1957 influenza infected 250,000 people in AmericaB.Asia was th

28、e cradle of the 1957 influenza pandemic in AmericaC.Maurice Hilleman went to Asia to collect the sample of the influenzaD.it was quite time-consuming to study the genetic structure of the influenza(3).According to the second paragraph, the 1957 influenza _.（分数：2.00）A.had victims throughout all the s

29、tates of the USAB.was very powerful and infectious at the beginningC.had its spread kept down by school openingsD.had infected both the elders and the kids(4).With regard to the vaccine, it can be inferred that _.（分数：2.00）A.the production of the vaccine was timely and successfulB.there were enough v

30、accines before the influenza peakedC.not all people got equal chance to get vaccinatedD.none of any football team members got vaccinated(5).The last paragraph suggests that _.（分数：2.00）A.manufacturing improvements can eliminate the vaccine shortage todayB.community interventions can prevent the sprea

31、d of epidemics todayC.the 1957 influenza would become more wide-spreading todayD.it is sure that today“s medical system can handle the extra load考研英语（阅读）-试卷 27答案解析(总分：70.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：7，分数：70.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the f

32、ollowing four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_解析：As college seniors hurtle into the job hunt, little lies on the resumefor example, claiming a degree when they“re three credits shy of graduationseem harmless enough. So new grads ought to read this memo

33、 now: those 20-year-old falsehoods on cream-colored, 32-lb. premium paper have ruined so many high-profile executives that you wonder who in the business world hasn“t got themessage.A.resume listing two fabricated degrees led to the resignation of David Edmondson, CEO of RadioShack, in February. Unt

34、ruthful resume have also hindered the careers of executives at the U.S. Olympic Committee. The headlines haven“t dented job seekers“ desire to dissemble even as employers have grown increasingly able to detect deception. InfoLink Screening Services, a background-checking company, estimates that 14%

35、of job applicants in the U.S. lie about their education on their resumes. Employees who lie to get in the door can cause untold damage on a business, experts say, from staining the reputation and credibility of a firm to upending co-workers and projects to igniting shareholder wrathand that“s if the

36、 he is found out. Even when it isn“t, the falsified resume can indicate a deeply rooted inclination toward unethical behavior. “There“s a lot of evidence that those who cheat on job applications also cheat in school and in life,“ says Richard Griffith, director of the industrial and organizational p

37、sychology program at the Florida Institute of Technology. “If someone says they have a degree and they don“t, I“d have little faith that person would tell the truth when it came to financial statements and so on.“ Employers“ fears have sparked a boom in the background-screening industry. But guardin

38、g the henhouse does little good if the fox is already nestled inside. To unmask the deceivers among them, some employers are conducting checks upon promotion. Verified Person markets its ability to provide ongoing employee screening through automated criminal checks. With this increased alertness co

39、mes a thorny new dilemma; figuring out whether every lie is really a fireable offense. Many bosses feel that a worker“s track record on the job speaks more strongly than a stretched resume, says John Challenger of the outplacement firm Challenger, Gray its only negative effect was a small one, on th

40、e wages of workers without a high-school diploma. And if by increasing the number of legal guest workers we reduced the number of undocumented workers, the economy would benefit even more. Guest workers are also, paradoxically, less likely than illegal immigrants to become permanent residents. The U

41、S. already has a number of smallerand less well-designedtemporary-worker programs, and there“s no evidence that workers in those plans routinely overstay their visas. One remarkable study found that after border enforcement was stepped up in 1993 the chances of an illegal immigrant returning to his

42、 homeland to stay fell by a third. In fact, whatever benefits the guest-worker program brought to the U.S. economy or to particular businesses, the biggest winners would be the workers themselves. Congress, of course, is under no obligation to care about foreign workers. But the program“s costs to A

43、merican workers are negligible, the gains for the guest workers are enormous, and the U.S. economy will benefit. This is that rare option which is both sensible and politically possible.（分数：10.00）(1).In Paragraph 2, the author holds that the guest-worker program will _.（分数：2.00）A.arouse great concer

44、ns about illegal immigrationB.be a sensible way to solve the immigration problems C.be hazardous to the improvement of working structureD.bring fierce competitions to local laborers解析：解析：观点态度题。根据题目定位到第二段，作者认为临时客工计划是“如今政治上可行的最好方案”，并会与本国工人形成互补，因此 B项正确。(2).Gianmarco Ottaviano and Giovanni Peri point ou

45、t that immigration _.（分数：2.00）A.is immune from negative effectsB.has lead to economic prosperity and social stabilityC.has enhanced wages of most American workers D.will root out illegal documentation of workers解析：解析：观点态度题。根据人名定位到第三段，可知吉安马可.欧塔维诺和乔凡尼.佩里所做的研究表明移民实际上使本国工人的薪资上涨，只对少数没有高中文凭的美国人的收入产生轻微的负面影

46、响，因此C项正确。(3).Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 4?（分数：2.00）A.Illegal immigrants have more chances to stay permanently in the U.S. than guest workers. B.With stepped-up border control, illegal immigrants are more likely to stay in their homeland.C.Workers in temporary-worker progra

47、ms usually pay no attention to their visa duration.D.Guest workers will not stay too long because of the enhanced border enforcement.解析：解析：事实细节题，考查段落细节。根据第四段第一句话可知，临时客工比非法移民在美国永久定居的可能性更小，所以反过来讲，非法移民在美国永久定居的可能性更大，因此 A项正确。(4).The plan of creating a new class of “guest workers“ _.（分数：2.00）A.has aroused

48、 criticism from conservatives, liberals and the business worldB.has allowed immigrants to work in the U.S. for six consecutive yearsC.will benefit both businesses and immigrant labor employers D.will give people a good reason to treat such workers as slaves解析：解析：事实细节题。最后一段提到，该计划使得临时客工极大受益，美国经济也将得益，且美国工人几乎不需为该计划付出任何代价，C 项内容与之符合。(5).What is the author“s attitude towards guest workers plan?（分数：2.00）A.Negligible.B.Obscure.C.Indifferent.D.Favorable. 解析：解析：观点态度题。全文第一句话就体现了作者对参议院临时客工计划的