【考研类试卷】考研英语（阅读）-试卷6及答案解析.doc

1、考研英语（阅读）-试卷 6 及答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been

2、granted for what are called business methods. A received one for its “one-click“ online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box. Now the nation“s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back o

3、n business-method patents, which have been controversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method pate

4、nts. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is “a very big deal,“ says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.“ Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face , because it was the Federal Circuit itself

5、 that introduced such patents with its 1998 decision in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights

6、to specific types of online transactions. Later, move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents, desp

7、ite the fact that it questioned the legal basis for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice. The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging ri

8、sk in the energy market. The Federal Circuit issued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court“s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider“ its State Street Bank ruling. The Federal Circuit

9、“s action comes in the wake of a series of recent decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example, the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions“ that are obvious. The judges on the Federal Circuit

10、are “reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Supreme Court,“ says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.（分数：10.00）(1).Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of（分数：2.00）A.their limited value to businesses.B.their connectio

11、n with asset allocation.C.the possible restriction on their granting.D.the controversy over their authorization.(2).Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?（分数：2.00）A.Its ruling complies with the court decisions.B.It involves a very big business transaction.C.It has been dismissed by the F

12、ederal Circuit.D.It may change the legal practices in the U.S(3).The word “about-face“(Para. 3) most probably means（分数：2.00）A.loss of good will.B.increase of hostility.C.change of attitude.D.enhancement of dignity.(4).We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-method patents（分数：2.00）A.are i

13、mmune to legal challenges.B.are often unnecessarily issued.C.lower the esteem for patent holders.D.increase the incidence of risks.(5).Which of the following would be the subject of the text?（分数：2.00）A.A looming threat to business-method patents.B.Protection for business-method patent holders.C.A le

14、gal case regarding business-method patents.D.A prevailing trend against business-method patents.When it comes to the slowing economy, Ellen Spero isn“t biting her nails just yet . But the 47-year-old manicurist isn“t cutting, filing or polishing as many nails as she“d like to, either. Most of her cl

15、ients spend $12 to $50 weekly, but last month two longtime customers suddenly stopped showing up. Spero blames the softening economy. “I“m a good economic indicator,“ she says. “I provide a service that people can do without when they“re concerned about saving some dollars.“ So Spero is downscaling,

16、 shopping at middle-brow Dillard“s department store near her suburban Cleveland home, instead of Neiman Marcus. “I don“t know if other clients are going to abandon me, too.“ she says. Even before Alan Greenspan“s admission that America“s red-hot economy is cooling, lots of working folks had already

17、seen signs of the slowdown themselves. From car dealerships to Gap outlets, sales have been lagging for months as shoppers temper their spending. For retailers, who last year took in 24 percent of their revenue between Thanksgiving and Christmas, the cautious approach is coming at a crucial time. Al

18、ready, experts say, holiday sales are off 7 percent from last year“s pace. But don“t sound any alarms just yet. Consumers seem only mildly concerned, not panicked, and many say they remain optimistic about the economy“s long-term prospects, even as they do some modest belt-tightening. Consumers say

19、they“re not in despair because, despite the dreadful headlines, their own fortunes still feel pretty good. Home prices are holding steady in most regions. In Manhattan, “there“s a new gold rush happening in the $4 million to $10 million range , predominantly fed by Wall Street bonuses,“ says broker

20、Barbara Corcoran. In San Francisco, prices are still rising even as frenzied overbidding quiets. “Instead of 20 to 30 offers, now maybe you only get two or three,“ says John Tealdi, a Bay Area real-estate broker. And most folks still feel pretty comfortable about their ability to find and keep a job

21、. Many folks see silver linings to this slowdown. Potential home buyers would cheer for lower interest rates. Employers wouldn“t mind a little fewer bubbles in the job market. Many consumers seem to have been influenced by stock-market swings, which investors now view as a necessary ingredient to a

22、sustained boom. Diners might see an upside, too. Getting a table at Manhattan“s hot new Alain Ducasse restaurant used to be impossible. Not anymore. For that, Greenspan they were more aware of the struggles of others. In limited respects, perhaps the recession will leave society better off. At the v

23、ery least, it has awoken us from our national fever dream of easy riches and bigger houses, and put a necessary end to an era of reckless personal spending. But for the most part, these benefits seem thin, uncertain, and far off. In The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth, the economic historian B

24、enjamin Friedman argues that both inside and outside the U.S., lengthy periods of economic stagnation or decline have almost always left society more mean-spirited and less inclusive, and have usually stopped or reversed the advance of rights and freedoms. Anti-immigrant sentiment typically increase

25、s, as does conflict between races and classes. Income inequality usually falls during a recession, but it has not shrunk in this one. Indeed, this period of economic weakness may reinforce class divides, and decrease opportunities to cross themespecially for young people. The research of Till Von Wa

26、chter, the economic at Columbia University, suggests that not all people graduating into a recession see their life chances dimmed: those with degrees from elite universities catch up fairly quickly to where they otherwise would have been if they had graduated in better times; it is the masses benea

27、th them that are left behind. In the Internet age, it is particularly easy to see the resentment that has always been hidden within American society. More difficult, in the moment, is discerning precisely how these lean times are affecting society“s character. In many respects, the U. S. was more so

28、cially tolerant entering this recession than at any time in its history, and a variety of national polls on social conflict since then have shown mixed results. We will have to wait and see exactly how these hard times will reshape our social fabric. But they certainly will reshape it, and all the m

29、ore so the longer they extend.（分数：10.00）(1).By saying “to find silver linings“ (Para. 2) the author suggests that the jobless try to（分数：2.00）A.seek subsidies from the government.B.explore reasons for the unemployment.C.make profit from the troubled economy.D.look on the bright side of the recession.

30、(2).According to Paragraph 2, the recession has made people（分数：2.00）A.realize the national dream.B.struggle against each other.C.challenge their prudence.D.reconsider their lifestyle.(3).Benjamin Friedman believes that economic recessions may（分数：2.00）A.impose a heavier burden on immigrants.B.bring o

31、ut more evils of human nature.C.promote the advance of rights and freedoms.D.ease conflicts between races and classes.(4).The research of Till Von Wachter suggests that in the recession graduates from elite universities tend to（分数：2.00）A.lag behind the others due to decreased opportunities.B.catch u

32、p quickly with experienced employees.C.see their life chances as dimmed as the others.D.recover more quickly than the others.(5).The author thinks that the influence of hard times on society is（分数：2.00）A.certain.B.positive.C.trivial.D.destructive.考研英语（阅读）-试卷 6 答案解析(总分：60.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Reading Comp

33、rehensio(总题数：6，分数：60.00)1.Section II Reading Comprehension（分数：10.00）_解析：2.Part ADirections: Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D.（分数：10.00）_解析：Over the past decade, thousands of patents have been granted for what are called business methods. A

34、received one for its “one-click“ online payment system. Merrill Lynch got legal protection for an asset allocation strategy. One inventor patented a technique for lifting a box. Now the nation“s top patent court appears completely ready to scale back on business-method patents, which have been contr

35、oversial ever since they were first authorized 10 years ago. In a move that has intellectual-property lawyers abuzz, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit said it would use a particular case to conduct a broad review of business-method patents. In re Bilski, as the case is known, is “a v

36、ery big deal,“ says Dennis D. Crouch of the University of Missouri School of law. It “has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents.“ Curbs on business-method claims would be a dramatic about-face , because it was the Federal Circuit itself that introduced such patents with its 1998 deci

37、sion in the so-called State Street Bank case, approving a patent on a way of pooling mutual-fund assets. That ruling produced an explosion in business-method patent filings, initially by emerging internet companies trying to stake out exclusive rights to specific types of online transactions. Later,

38、 move established companies raced to add such patents to their files, if only as a defensive move against rivals that might beat them to the punch. In 2005, IBM noted in a court filing that it had been issued more than 300 business-method patents, despite the fact that it questioned the legal basis

39、for granting them. Similarly, some Wall Street investment films armed themselves with patents for financial products, even as they took positions in court cases opposing the practice. The Bilski case involves a claimed patent on a method for hedging risk in the energy market. The Federal Circuit iss

40、ued an unusual order stating that the case would be heard by all 12 of the court“s judges, rather than a typical panel of three, and that one issue it wants to evaluate is whether it should “reconsider“ its State Street Bank ruling. The Federal Circuit“s action comes in the wake of a series of recen

41、t decisions by the supreme Court that has narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders. Last April, for example, the justices signaled that too many patents were being upheld for “inventions“ that are obvious. The judges on the Federal Circuit are “reacting to the anti-patent trend at the Su

42、preme Court,“ says Harold C. Wegner, a patent attorney and professor at George Washington University Law School.（分数：10.00）(1).Business-method patents have recently aroused concern because of（分数：2.00）A.their limited value to businesses.B.their connection with asset allocation.C.the possible restricti

43、on on their granting. D.the controversy over their authorization.解析：解析：细节题。题干问为什么商业专利在近来引起了关注，根据出题顺序，本题的答题区间在前两段。第一段主要讲在过去十年间，成千上万的商业方法被授予了专利。第二段第一句指出国家最高专利法庭准备缩减商业专利(scale back on business-method patents)。由此可见，C 项“它们的授予可能受到限制”是对原文的同义置换，故为正确答案，restriction on 相当于 scale back on。A 项“它们对企业的价值有限”，原文并未提到。

44、B 项“它们与资产配置相关”，利用第一段中出现的 asset allocation形成干扰项，属于过度推断。D 项“它们的获批引起争议”较有迷惑性，但原文说的是十年来一直争议不断，而题干问的是最近(recently)，因此属于偷换概念。(2).Which of the following is true of the Bilski case?（分数：2.00）A.Its ruling complies with the court decisions.B.It involves a very big business transaction.C.It has been dismissed by

45、 the Federal Circuit.D.It may change the legal practices in the U.S 解析：解析：推断题。根据关键词 Bilski case 并结合出题顺序定位至第二段。第二段最后提到 it has the potential to eliminate an entire class of patents，D 项是对此句的同义改写，may 对应 has the potential，change 对应 eliminate。因此，D 项“它可能会改变美国已有的法律惯例”为正确答案。A 项“对它的裁决符合法庭决议”、C 项“它已经被联邦巡回法庭驳回”

46、反向干扰，文中已暗示比尔斯基案的判决可能成为商业方法专利案件的转折点，因此它不会被驳回，而且它的判决与以往案例不同。B 项“它涉及一项非常大的商业交易”，第二段末句提到 Bilski case 是 a very big deal 意思是“Bilski case 非常重要的事”，而非“大的交易”，因此 B 项错误。(3).The word “about-face“(Para. 3) most probably means（分数：2.00）A.loss of good will.B.increase of hostility.C.change of attitude. D.enhancement

47、of dignity.解析：解析：含义题。根据题干定位到第三段。第一句提到：对商业方法专利权的限制(curbs on businessmethod claims)将会是一个 a dramatic about-face，因为正是联邦巡回法院在 1 998 年被称为“州街银行案”的决议中引入了这类专利，由此可见现在的做法与以前的做法是背道而驰的，即联邦巡回法院的态度发生了大的转变，因此选 C 项。A 项“良好愿望的消失”、B 项“敌意的增加”、D 项“尊严的提升”都与原文毫无关系。(4).We learn from the last two paragraphs that business-met

48、hod patents（分数：2.00）A.are immune to legal challenges.B.are often unnecessarily issued. C.lower the esteem for patent holders.D.increase the incidence of risks.解析：解析：推断题。根据题干定位到最后两段。最后一段第二句提到 too many patents were being upheld for“inventions”that are obvious(太多显而易见的“发明”被授予了专利权)，言外之意就是很多发明本没有必要授予专利，即 unnecessarily issued，因此 B 项为正确答案。A 项“不受法律质疑的影响”，与原文表述明显相反。C 项“降低专利持有人的尊严”，是对 narrowed the scope of protections for patent holders 的曲解。D 项“增加了风险的发生率”无从推知，应该是对第四段第一句 hedging risk(规避风险)出的干扰项。(5).Which of the following would