【考研类试卷】青岛大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2014年及答案解析.doc

1、青岛大学翻译硕士英语学位 MTI 考试真题 2014 年及答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.CTO （分数：2.00）_2.INTEREXPO （分数：2.00）_3.ECM （分数：2.00）_4.CUN （分数：2.00）_5.SAT （分数：2.00）_6.big-budget movie （分数：2.00）_7.paid maternity leave （分数：2.00）_8.regional hegemonism （分数：2.00）_9.click fraud （分数：2.00）_10.trade sanction

2、 （分数：2.00）_11.掺水文凭 （分数：2.00）_12.差额选举 （分数：2.00）_13.拆迁费用 （分数：2.00）_14.长期国债 （分数：2.00）_15.地方保持主义 （分数：2.00）_16.钓鱼工程 （分数：2.00）_17.多边贸易谈判 （分数：2.00）_18.风险防范机制 （分数：2.00）_19.复合型人才 （分数：2.00）_20.改革试点 （分数：2.00）_二、Part (总题数：1，分数：50.00)21.How does the stock market affect business investment? There are three direct

3、 effects. One is that the market has traditionally served as a general barometer of the expectations of the business-minded community as a whole. We say “business-minded“ rather than “business“ because the demand for, and supply of, securities mainly comes from securities dealers, stockbrokers, and

4、the investing public, rather than from nonfinancial business enterprises themselves. When the market is buoyant, it has been a signal to business that the “business climate“ is favorable, and the effect on what Keynes called the “animal spirits“ of executives has been to encourage them to go ahead w

5、ith expansion plans. When the market is falling, on the other hand, spirits tend to be dampened, and executives may think twice before embarking on an expansion program in the face of general pessimism. This traditional relationship is however, greatly lessened by the growing power of government to

6、influence the trend of economic events. Business once looked to the market as the key signal for the future. Today it looks to Washington. Hence, during the past decade when the stock market has shown wide swings, business investment in plant and equipment has remained basically steady. This reflect

7、s the feeling of corporate managers that government policy will keep the economy growing, whatever “the market“ may think of events. （分数：50.00）_三、Part (总题数：1，分数：60.00)22.实现十八大提出的奋斗目标，全面建成小康社会、顺利实现现代化，基础在教育、重点在村。从一定意义上说，村教育是兴国之基、惠民之要，关乎经济社会发展全局，关乎社会公平正义。九年义务教育是人生连续受教育时间最长的阶段，是打牢人生基础的关键阶段，对人的发展和未来幸福具有

8、决定性影响。在义务教育阶段，农村学校占全国 85%以上，农村学生占全国 70%以上，覆盖了同龄学生的大多数。因此，办好农村教育，直接关系 2020 年教育现代化目标的实现。农村义务教育还是城乡统筹发展的连接点，只有为数以亿计的农村孩子提供公平而有质量的义务教育，才能缩小城乡差距，实现社会公平；才能为工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展提供人才支撑，全面建成小康社会。习近平总书记在十八大之后到河北阜平考察时讲，“下一代要过上好生活，首先要有文化。义务教育一定要搞好，让孩子们受到好的教育”。可以说，农村义务教育重中之重的地位怎么强调都不为过。 （分数：60.00）_青岛大学翻译硕士英语学位

9、MTI 考试真题 2014 年答案解析(总分：150.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part (总题数：20，分数：40.00)1.CTO （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：首席技术官(Chief Technology Officer)2.INTEREXPO （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：国际博览会(International Expositions)3.ECM （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：欧洲共同市场(European Common Market)4.CUN （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：联合国宪章(Charter of the United Nati

10、ons)5.SAT （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：学术能力评估测试(美国高考)(Scholastic Assessment Test)6.big-budget movie （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：大制作电影7.paid maternity leave （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：带薪产假8.regional hegemonism （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：地区霸权主义9.click fraud （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：点击欺诈10.trade sanction （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：贸易制裁11.掺水文凭 （

11、分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：diploma obtained by using unfair or unlawful means12.差额选举 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：a margin election13.拆迁费用 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：demolition cost14.长期国债 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：long-term government bonds15.地方保持主义 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：local protectionism16.钓鱼工程 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：angling engi

12、neering projects17.多边贸易谈判 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：multilateral trade negotiations18.风险防范机制 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：risk prevention mechanism19.复合型人才 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：interdisciplinary talent20.改革试点 （分数：2.00）_正确答案：()解析：selected units for experiments in reform二、Part (总题数：1，分数：50.00)21.How does the stock ma

13、rket affect business investment? There are three direct effects. One is that the market has traditionally served as a general barometer of the expectations of the business-minded community as a whole. We say “business-minded“ rather than “business“ because the demand for, and supply of, securities m

14、ainly comes from securities dealers, stockbrokers, and the investing public, rather than from nonfinancial business enterprises themselves. When the market is buoyant, it has been a signal to business that the “business climate“ is favorable, and the effect on what Keynes called the “animal spirits“

15、 of executives has been to encourage them to go ahead with expansion plans. When the market is falling, on the other hand, spirits tend to be dampened, and executives may think twice before embarking on an expansion program in the face of general pessimism. This traditional relationship is however,

16、greatly lessened by the growing power of government to influence the trend of economic events. Business once looked to the market as the key signal for the future. Today it looks to Washington. Hence, during the past decade when the stock market has shown wide swings, business investment in plant an

17、d equipment has remained basically steady. This reflects the feeling of corporate managers that government policy will keep the economy growing, whatever “the market“ may think of events. （分数：50.00）_正确答案：()解析：股票市场是如何影响企业投资的?有三种直接的影响方式。第一种方式里，市场表现一直被具有商业头脑的人用作衡量投资预期的晴雨表。我们说“商业头脑”而不是“商业”，因为对证券的需求和供给主要

18、来自于证券交易商、股票经纪人和投资大众，而不是来自于非金融性的商业企业本身。市场繁荣时，对企业来说，这是一个“市场环境”利好的信号，那些颇具凯恩所称为“动物精神”的企业家们受到鼓舞，纷纷开始扩大投资计划。而当市场低迷时，相反，精神就会变得沮丧，在普遍的悲观情绪面前，企业家们决定扩大投资项目前往往会再三思考。 然而，日益强大的政府权力不断影响经济事件的发展趋势，这种传统的关系被逐渐淡化。企业曾将市场表现看作判断未来趋势的关键信号。而今天，他们却要将目光转向华盛顿的政策。因此，在过去的十年里，尽管股票市场大幅动荡，企业在设立工厂和购置设备方面的投资仍能基本保持稳定。这反映出企业经理们的一种感觉，不

19、管“市场”对不同事件做何反应，政府的政策一定会保持经济增长。 解析 One is that the market has traditionally served as a general barometer of the expectations of the business-minded community as a whole. 原句中的主语是“市场表现”，翻译时为了体现“市场表现”与“具有商业头脑的人”之间的关系，使用了被动结构，转换了主语，更符合中文的表达习惯。 第一种方式里，市场表现一直被具有商业头脑的人用作衡量投资预期的晴雨表。 This traditional relatio

20、nship is however, greatly lessened by the growing power of government to influence the trend of economic events. 原句中 by 后边的名词结构包含的信息量很大，是造成前边所述状况的原因，翻译时根据前因后果的顺序将这部分提前，将这部分名词结构翻译为主谓结构，以免造成句子头重脚轻的情况。 然而，日益强大的政府权力不断影响经济事件的发展趋势，这种传统的关系被逐渐淡化。 Business once looked to the market as the key signal for the

21、future. Today it looks to Washington. 这两句话对比了今天和之前市场与企业决策之间的关系，两者之间存在转折的逻辑关系，因此翻译时，加上“而”来体现，同时将两句合译为依据，加强了前后的联系。其次，在翻译“Washington”这个词时，我们应该明白，企业看的并不是华盛顿这个城市，而是华盛顿政府所颁发的经济政策，翻译时应该将信息补充完整。 企业曾将市场表现看作判断未来趋势的关键信号。而今天，他们却要将目光转向华盛顿的政策。 This reflects the feeling of corporate managers that government policy

22、 will keep the economy growing, whatever “the market“ may think of events. 原句中“the market”之所以加上了双引号，是因为它的谓语是“think 思考，想”，而我们都知道能够“思考”的只有人，因此这里采用了拟人的修辞手法，翻译时应该保留。 这反映出企业经理们的一种感觉，不管“市场”对不同事件作何反应，政府的政策一定会保持经济增长。三、Part (总题数：1，分数：60.00)22.实现十八大提出的奋斗目标，全面建成小康社会、顺利实现现代化，基础在教育、重点在村。从一定意义上说，村教育是兴国之基、惠民之要，关乎经

23、济社会发展全局，关乎社会公平正义。九年义务教育是人生连续受教育时间最长的阶段，是打牢人生基础的关键阶段，对人的发展和未来幸福具有决定性影响。在义务教育阶段，农村学校占全国 85%以上，农村学生占全国 70%以上，覆盖了同龄学生的大多数。因此，办好农村教育，直接关系 2020 年教育现代化目标的实现。农村义务教育还是城乡统筹发展的连接点，只有为数以亿计的农村孩子提供公平而有质量的义务教育，才能缩小城乡差距，实现社会公平；才能为工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展提供人才支撑，全面建成小康社会。习近平总书记在十八大之后到河北阜平考察时讲，“下一代要过上好生活，首先要有文化。义务教育一定要搞好

24、，让孩子们受到好的教育”。可以说，农村义务教育重中之重的地位怎么强调都不为过。 （分数：60.00）_正确答案：()解析：Education and rural areas are respectively the basis and key to achieving the goals established by the report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC, which include accomplishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in al

25、l respects and realizing the modernization of the country. In a certain sense, rural education can be viewed as the foundation for the rejuvenation of the nation, and the key to ensuring the wellbeing of the people. As such, rural education has an important beating on China“s overall social and econ

26、omic development, and also on social fairness and justice. As the longest continuous stage of education that we attend, nine-year compulsory education lays down key foundations in our lives, having a decisive influence on our future and happiness. In China, rural schools account for over 85% of all

27、schools providing compulsory education, while rural students account for more than 70% of students in compulsory education. Therefore, the provision of sound education in rural areas will ensure our success in the modernization of education by the year 2020. Rural compulsory education also represent

28、s a key link in the coordination of rural and urban development. Only by providing fair and quality education for China“s hundreds of millions of rural children will we be able to narrow the development gap between urban and rural areas and safeguard social fairness. And only by doing that will we b

29、e able to train the talent we need to achieve the simultaneous progression of industrialization, IT application, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, and thereby complete the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects. During a visit to Fuping County, Hebei Province, follow

30、ing the Eighteenth National Congress of the Party, General Secretary Xi Jinping said, “If we want the next generation to live a better life, we must educate them well. We need to deliver a good performance in compulsory education, so that our children can receive a quality education.“ Therefore, the

31、 importance of compulsory education in rural areas is something that cannot be overemphasized. 解析 实现十八大提出的奋斗目标，全面建成小康社会、顺利实现现代化，基础在教育、重点在农村。 “全面建成小康社会”“building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects”。中文将“教育”和“农村”这两个关键信息放在后边以作强调，而英文的语篇特点是开篇点题，重要的信息一般选择放在前边，因此翻译时，按照英文特点，将这两个信息放置在句首，达到开篇点题

32、的效果。 Education and rural areas are respectively the basis and key to achieving the goals established by the report to the Eighteenth National Congress of the CPC, which include accomplishing the building of a moderately prosperous society in all respects and realizing the modernization of the countr

33、y. 九年义务教育是人生连续受教育时间最长的阶段，是打牢人生基础的关键阶段，对人的发展和未来幸福具有决定性影响。 这句话的主语为“九年义务教育”，句子的三部分都是对这个主语的进一步说明，重要程度呈现递增趋势。因此将前边的“是阶段”，处理为 As 引导的前置定语从句，简化为修饰成分。第二个信息处理为谓语，第三个用动词 ing 形式引导伴随状语引出，使得整个英文句子层次清晰、重点突出。 As the longest continuous stage of education that we attend, nine-year compulsory education lays down key foundations in our lives, having a decisive influence on our future and happiness. 可以说，农村义务教育重中之重的地位怎么强调都不为过。 cannot be 在这里是表示强调的意思，表示“再都不为过”的含义。 Therefore, the importance of compulsory education in rural areas is something that cannot be overemphasized.