【考研类试卷】中医综合-中医基础理论(一)及答案解析.doc

1、中医综合-中医基础理论(一)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Generally speaking, a British is widely regarded as a quiet, shy and conservative person who is (1) only among those with whom he is acquainted. When a stranger is at present, he often seems nervous, even (2) . You have to

2、take a commuter train any morning or evening to (3) the truth of this.Serious-looking businessmen and women sit reading their newspapers or dozing in a corner; hardly anybody talks, since to do so would be considered quite (4) .(5) , there is an unwritten but clearly understood code of behavior whic

3、h, once broken, makes the offender immediately the object of (6) .It has been known as a fact that a British has a (7) for the discussion of their weather and that, if given a chance, he will talk about it (8) .Some people argue that it is because the British weather seldom (9) forecast and hence be

4、comes a source of interest and (10) to everyone.This may be so. (11) a British cannot have much (12) in the weathermen, who, after promising fine, sunny weather for the following day, are often proved wrong (13) a cloud over the Atlantic brings rainy weather to all districts! The man in the street s

5、eems to be as accurate or as inaccurate as the weathermen in his (14) .Foreigners may be surprised at the number of references (15) weather that the British (16) to each other in the course of a single day. Very often conversational greetings are (17) by comments on the weather. “Nice day, isnt it?”

6、 “Beautiful!” may well be heard instead of “Good morning, how are you?” Although the foreigner may consider this exaggerated and comic, it is (18) .pointing out that it could be used to his advantage. If he wants to start a conversation with a British but is at a loss to know (19) to begin, he could

7、 do well to mention the state of the weather. It is a safe subject which will (20) an answer from even the most reserved of the British.（分数：10.00）(1).A relaxed B frustrated C amused D exhausted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A reserved B urgent C embarrassed D anxious（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A experience B witness

8、 C watch D undergo（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A impolite B defensive C deliberate D offensive（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A Deliberately B Apparently C Frequently D Consequently（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A compassion B opposition C criticism D assault（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A emotion B fancy C likeliness D judgment（分数：0.50

9、）A.B.C.D.(8).A at length B to a great extent C from his heart D by all means（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A follows B obeys C defies D supports（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A dedication B suspicion C contemplation D speculation（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A Usually B Generally C Certainly D Fundamentally（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(1

10、2).A faith B hope C honor D credit（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A since B once C when D while（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A propositions B predictions C proposal D prophecy（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A about B on C in D to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A take B forecast C make D predict（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A started B replaced

11、C conducted D proposed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A reasonable B useful C worthwhile D meaningful（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A where B how C what D which（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A stimulate B constitute C furnish D provoke（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：

12、10.00)Friday marks the 40th anniversary of one of the biggest, most expensive, most destructive social policy experiments in American history: The war on drugs. On the morning of June 17, 1971, President Richard Nixon, speaking from the Briefing Room of the White House, declared: “Americas public en

13、emy No. 1 in the United States is drug abuse. In order to fight and defeat this enemy, it is necessary to wage a new, all-out offensive. I have asked the Congress to provide the legislative authority and the funds to fuel this kind of an offensive. This will be a worldwide offensive dealing with the

14、 problems of sources of supply, as well as Americans who may be stationed abroad, wherever they are in the world. “So began a war that has waxed and waned, ,sputtered and sprinted, until it became an unmitigated disaster, an abomination of justice and a self-perpetuating, trillion-dollar economy of

15、wasted human capital, ruined lives and decimated communities. Since 1971, more than 40 million arrests have been conducted for drug-related offenses. And no group has been more targeted and suffered more damage than the black community. As the American Civil Liberties Union pointed out last week, “T

16、he racial disparities are staggering: despite the fact that whites engage in drug offenses at a higher rate than African-Americans, African-Americans are incarcerated for drug offenses at a rate that is: 10 times greater than that of whites. “An effort meant to save us from a form of moral decay bec

17、ame its own insidious brand of moral perversion-turning people who should have been patients into prisoners, criminalizing victimless behavior, targeting those whose first offense was entering the world wrapped in the wrong skin. It feeds our overwhelming thirst for punishment.Last week, the Report

18、of the Global Commission on Drug Policy, a 19-member commission that included Kofi Annan, a former U. N. secretary general, declared that: “The global war on drugs has failed, with devastating consequences for individuals and societies around the world. Fifty years after the initiation of the U.N. S

19、ingle Convention on Narcotic Drugs, and 40 years after President Nixon launched the U. S. governments war on drugs, fundamental reforms in national and global drug control policies are urgently needed. “The White House immediately shot back: no dice. The Obama administration presented a collection o

20、f statistics that compared current drug use and demand with the peak of the late 1970s, although a direct correlation between those declines and the drug war are highly debatable. In doing so, it completely sidestepped the human, economic and societal toll of the mass imprisonment of millions of Ame

21、ricans, many for simple possession.No need to put a human face on 40 years of folly when you can wrap up its inefficacy in a patchwork quilt of self-serving statistics.（分数：10.00）(1).When Richard Nixon spoke of waging an offensive, he meantA federal funds were needed to prevent the spreading of drug

22、abuse.B drug abuse had become the most serious problem in America.C the American government would defend its citizens against drug abuse.D the American government would launch an attack on drugs.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).From the second paragraph we learn that the war on drugsA has failed to achieve its

23、alleged objectives.B has turned out to be an attack on innocent people.C has been wrongly targeted at the Black people.D has heightened the tension between ethnic groups.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Those “wrapped in the wrong skin“ (Para. 3) refer mainly toA African-Americans.B disguised drug-traffickers.C

24、 wrongly targeted victims.D occasional drug-takers.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Kofi AnnanA proclaimed an end to the global war on drug trafficking.B called on the U.N. to reassess the consequences of the war on drugs.C accused President Nixon of mis-targeting his war on drugs.D called for a change in natio

25、nal and global drug-related policies.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It is obvious that the Obama administrationA is sympathetic to the wrongly imprisoned victims.B is less tolerant of drug abuse than the Nixon administration.C is dissatisfied with Annans assessment of the situation.D has done better than the

26、Nixon administration in the war on drugs.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Senator Barack Obama likes to joke that the battle for the Democratic presidential nomination has been going on so long, babies have been born, and they re already walking and talking. Thats nothing. The battle between

27、 the sciences and the humanities has been going on for so long, its early participants have stopped walking and talking, because theyre already dead. Its been some 50 years since the physicist-turned-novelist C. P. Snow delivered his famous “Two Cultures“ lecture at the University of Cambridge, in w

28、hich he decried the “gulf of mutual incomprehension“, the “hostility and dislike“ that divided the worlds “natural scientists“, its chemists, engineers, physicists and biologists, from its “literary intellectuals“, a group that, by Snows reckoning, included pretty much everyone who wasnt a scientist

29、. His critique set off a frenzy of desperation that continues to this day, particularlyin the United States, as educators, policymakers and other observers lament the Balkanization of knowledge, the scientific illiteracy of the general public and the chronic academic turf wars that are all too easil

30、y lampooned. Yet a few scholars believe that the cultural chasm can be bridged and the sciences and the humanities united into a powerful new discipline that would apply the strengths of both mindsets, the quantitative and qualitative, to a wide array of problems. Among the most ambitious of these e

31、xercises in fusion thinking is a program under development at Binghamton University in New York called the New Humanities Initiative. Jointly conceived by David Sloan Wilson, a professor of biology, and Leslie Heywood, a professor of English, the program is intended to build on some of the themes ex

32、plored in Dr. Wilsons evolutionary studies program, which has proved enormously popular with science and nonscience majors alike, and which he describes in the recently published “Evolution for Everyone“. In Dr. Wilsons view, evolutionary biology is a discipline that, to be done right, demands a cro

33、ssover approach, the capacity to think in narrative and abstract terms simultaneously, so why not use it as a template for emulsifying the two cultures generally? “There are more similarities than differences between the humanities and the sciences, and some of the stereotypes have to be altered,“ D

34、r. Wilson said, “Darwin, for example, established his entire evolutionary theory on the basis of his observations of natural history, and most of that information was qualitative, not quantitative. “ As he and Dr. Heywood envision the program, courses under the New Humanities rubric would be offered

35、 campus-wide, in any number of departments, including history, literature, philosophy, sociology, law and business. The students would be introduced to basic scientific tools like statistics and experimental design and to liberal arts staples like the importance of analyzing specific texts or docume

36、nts closely, identifying their animating ideas and comparing them with the texts of other immortal minds.（分数：10.00）(1).In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by_. A posing a contrast B justifying an assumption C making a comparison D explaining a phenomenon（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).The

37、 word “balkanization“ (Line 7, Paragraph 2) most probably means_. A ignorance B split C mistake D declination（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).According to Paragraph 3, New Humanities Initiative is a program that_. A is ambitious enough to create new discipline B will gain popularity for Binghamton University C

38、can bridge the gap between sciences and human D is a combination of sciences and arts（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).By citing the example of Darwin, Dr. Wilson intends to show that_. A qualitative information is more valuable than quantitative observations B it is preferable to take the mutual advantage of sc

39、ience and humanities C science has more similarities rather than differences than humanities D scientists should base their theory on qualitative information（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following would be the best title for the text? A Curriculum Designed to Unite Art and Science B A Better Sch

40、olar who Abandoned Physics for Novel C A Disastrous War between Science and Humanities D Dr. Wilsons Contribution to the American Education（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Hippies were members of a youth movement of the 1960s and 1970s that started in the United States and spread to Canada,

41、Great Britain, and many other countries. The hippies rejected the customs, traditions, and life styles of society and tried to develop those of their own. Most hippies came from white middle-class families and ranged in age from 15 to 25 years old. They thought too many adults cared about making mon

42、ey and little else. The term hippie may come from the word hip, which means “turned-in“ or aware. Hippies wanted a world based on love of humanity and peace. Many believed that wonderful, magical changes were about to take place. They thought these changes would happen as soon as people learned to e

43、xpress their feelings honestly and to behave naturally at all times. Hippies strongly opposed U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Many hippies lived together in small groups, working with one another and sharing possessions. Others refused to be tied down to a fixed job or home. They wandered from

44、place to place seeking part-time work and temporary shelter. Some begged for spare change and lived in the streets or camped in parks or other public lands. Hippies were sometimes called “flower children“ because they gave people flowers to communicate gentleness and love. They let their hair grow l

45、ong and walked barefoot or in sandals. Hippies attracted public attention by wearing clothing that featured unusual combinations of colors and textures. A large number of hippies used marijuana, LSD, and other drugs. Drug experiences shaped many of their symbols and ideas. The Beatles, a popular Eng

46、lish rock group, helped spread the hippie movement with their song. Hippie favorites included such other rock groups as the Grateful Dead and the Jefferson Airplane, singers Joan Baez and Bob Dylan, poet Allen Ginsberg, and novelist Ken Kesey. Many hippies admired Timothy Leary, a psychologist who p

47、reached salvation through the use of drugs. In time, most hippies realized it was not easy to reform society by “droppingout“ of it. Some joined more organized political movements to work for specific social causes. Others turned to spirituality or religion. The majority simply left the hippie stage

48、 of their lives behind while trying to hold on to at least a few of the ideals that once inspired them.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the passage that hippies called themselves “hippies“ because_. A they wanted to be different and independent B they wanted people to be aware of the necessity for radical changes C they considered traditional values worthless D they begged people to notice the changes around themselves（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Hippies gave flowers to people because they_. A wanted a world based on love of humanity and peace B could not find jobs and had to sell flowers