【考研类试卷】中医综合-中医基础理论(六)及答案解析.doc

1、中医综合-中医基础理论(六)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Millions of Americans and foreigners see GI.Joe as a mindless war toy, the symbol of American military adventurism, but that s not how it used to be. To the men and women who (1) in World War I1 and the people they liberate

2、d, the GI. was the (2) man grown into hero, the pool farm kid torn away from his home, the guy who (3) all the burdens of battle, who slept in cold foxholes, who went without the (4) of 1hod and shelter, who stuck it out and drove back the Nazi reign of murder. This was not a vohmteer soldier, not s

3、omeone well paid, (5) an average guy, up (6) the best trained, best equipped, fiercest, most brutal enemies seen in centuries.His name is not much. GI. is just a military abbreviation (7) Govermnent Issue, and it was on all of the article (8) to soldiers. And Joe? A common name for a guy who never (

4、9) it to the top. Joe Blow, Joe Magrae. a working class name.The United States has (10) had a president or vieepresident or secretary of state Joe.GI. Joe had a (11) career fighting Geman, Japanese, and Korean troops. He appears as a character, or a (12) of American personalities, in the 1945 movie

5、The Story of GL Joe, based on the last days of war correspondent Ernie Pyle. Some of the soldiers Pyle (13) portrayde themselves in the fihn. Pyle was famous for covering the (14) side of the warl, writing about the dirt-snow-and-mud soldiers, not how many miles were (15) or what towns were captured

6、 or liberated. His reports (16) the “willie“ cartoons of famed Stars and Stripes artist Bill Maulden. Both men (17) the dirt and exhaustion of war, the (18) of civilization that the soldiers shared with each other and the civilians: coffee, tobacco, whiskey, shelter, sleep. (19) Egypt, France, and a

7、 dozen more countries, G. I. Joe was any American soldier, (20) the most important person in their lives.（分数：10.00）(1).A performed B served C rebelled D betrayed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A actual B common C special D normal（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A bore B cased C removed D loaded（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A neces

8、sities B facilities C commodities D properties（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A and B nor C but D hence（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A for B into C form D against（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A meaning B implying C symbolizing D claiming（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A handed out B turn over C brought back D passed down（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(

9、9).A pushed B got C made D managed（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A ever B never C either D neither（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A disguised B disturbed C disputed D distinguished（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A company B collection C community D colony（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A employed B appointed C interviewed D questioned（分数

10、0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A ethical B military C political D human（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A ruined B commuted C patrolled D gained（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A paralleled B counteracted C duplicated D contradicted（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A neglected B avoided C emphasized D admired（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A stages B ill

11、usions C fragments D advances（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A With B To C Among D Beyond（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A on the contrary B by this means C from the outset D at that point（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Children attending schools locate

12、d in high-traffic zones have a 45 percent increased risk of developing asthma, even though time spent at school only accounts for about one-third of a childs waking hours, according to new research. Asthma is the most common chronic childhood illness in developed countries and has been linked to env

13、ironmental factors such as traffic-related air pollution. “While residential traffic-related pollution has been associated with asthma, there has been little study of the effects of traffic exposure at school on new onset asthma,“ says Rob McConnell, professor of preventive medicine at USCs Keck Sch

14、ool of Medicine. “Exposure to pollution at locations other than home, especially where children spend a large portion of their day and may engage in physical activity, appears to influence asthma risk as well.“ The study appears online in the journal Environmental Health Perspectives. The study drew

15、 upon data from the Childrens Health Study (CHS), a longitudinal study of children in Southern California communities that was designed to investigate the chronic effects of air pollution on respiratory health. Using a cohort of 2 497 kindergarten and first grade children who were asthma-free when t

16、hey entered the study, researchers examined the relationship of local traffic around schools and homes to diagnosis new onset asthma that occurred during three years of follow-up. Traffic-related pollution exposure was assessed based on a model that took into account traffic volume, distance to majo

17、r roadways from home and school and local weather conditions. Regional ambient ozone, nitrogen dioxide (二氧化氮) and particulate matter were measured continuously at one central site in each of the 13 study communities. The design allowed investigators to examine the joint effects of local traffic-rela

18、ted pollution exposure at school and at home and of regional pollution exposure affecting the entire community. Researchers found 120 cases of new asthma. The risk associated with traffic-related pollution exposure at schools was almost as high as for residential exposure, and combined exposure acco

19、unting for time spent at home and at school had a slightly larger effect. Although children spend less time at school than at home, physical education, and other activities that take place at school may increase ventilation rates and the dose of pollutants getting into the lungs, McConnell notes. Tr

20、affic-related pollutant levels may also be higher during the morning hours when children are arriving at school. Despite a state law that prohibits school districts from building campuses within 500 feet of a freeway, many Southern California schools are located near high-traffic areas, including bu

21、sy surface streets. “Its important to understand how these micro-environments where children spent a lot of their time outside of the home are impacting their health,“ McConnell says. “Policies that reduce exposure to high-traffic environments may help to prevent this disease. “ The study was funded

22、 by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, the US Environmental Protection Agency, the South Coast Air Quality Management District, and the Hastings Foundation.（分数：10.00）(1).Which one is NOT the reason that children increase risk of developing asthma? A There exists tra

23、ffic-related pollution. B Schools are located in heavy-traffic areas. C Children are frequently exposed to pollution. D The vehicles increase rapidly.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What kind of illness does “asthma“ belong to? A Mental sickness. B Respiratory disease. C Influenza. D Infectious disease.（分数：2.0

24、0）A.B.C.D.(3).We can infer from McConnells view that_. A there has been little study of the residential traffic-related pollution B activities that take place at school may increase the risk of asthma C traffic-related pollutant level is lower during the morning hours D frequent exposure to outdoors

25、 appears to influence the risk of asthma（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The method of preventing asthma is to_. A reduce exposure to schools B do more activities at home C reduce exposure to heavy traffic zones D understand the micro-environments（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which of the following is TRUE according to

26、the text? A In Southern California, many schools are located near heavy traffic zones. B The study was carried out by many organizations. C Rob McConnell is the leader of the study. D Asthma is the most common chronic childhood illness around the world.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)The da

27、y of terror at the Virginia Polytechnic and State University in Blacksburg began at about 7:15 a. m. , with the shooting of a woman and a male resident adviser on the fourth floor of a dorm building on campus, Kristen Bensley, a freshman who lived below the floor where the shooting occurred, told TI

28、ME, “There were minors going on about the assailant was fighting with his girlfriend or something of that nature.“ Bensley notes that only residents can get into the building, using a specific “passport“, that is, a card that one has to swipe in order to open doors before 10 a.m. If he was an outsid

29、er, someone would have had to let him in. Or more likely, he was a resident of the dorm himself. If so, how did be keep so much ammunition unnoticed?Unlike high schools, most universities cant beef up security with a metal detector or two. So what can be done to protect students? Other questions rem

30、ain unanswered. Why was there a two-hour gap between the incident at the dorm and a far more fatal one across campus? At one point, that led to theorizing that more than one gunman was involved. The gunman who killed at least 30 people at Norris Hall shortly after 9 a.m. was described by some source

31、s as an Asian man.It has been a surreal time for the students. Brandon Stiltner, a senior aerospace engineering student, and Jonathan Hess, a senior mechanical engineer, were watching TV all day but by noon theyd had enough. “We decided we needed to do something,“ Stiltner said. “We were worthless s

32、itting around.“ So they took their six-foot Virginia Tech sign off the wall and logged into Facebook. Within the next few hours 100 people replied to their e-mail request for a vigil.By 8 p.m. hundreds bf students began filing down the steps of the War Memorial Chapel toward the drill field. Cluster

33、s of two and three students stood together in silence. Slowly they began to line up to sign the board. “Im still really in disbelief,“ says Stiltner. The shock of the days shootings sank in, Hess said, as he carried the sign across campus for the vigil. “It hit me,“ Hess said, “to know that it was i

34、n these buildings.“ The media crews that swarmed campus were also surreal to Hess and Stiltner. “We could look out our window and see exactly whats on TV,“ Stiltner says. He watched his sign crowded with initials and prayers, awaiting the names of the victims, He shuddered. “I hope I dont have any n

35、asty surprises./（分数：10.00）(1).Which of the following is tree according to the first paragraph?A 7:15 a. m. is the time a woman and a mate resident adviser were killed on the fourth floor of a dorm building on campus.B The cause of shooting is the assailant was fighting with his girlfriend or somethi

36、ng of that nature.C Open dorms doors needs swipe a card before 10 a. m.D The gunman was a resident of the dorm himself.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Which statement can be inferred from the second paragraph?A Its impossible that a two-hour gap between the incident at the dorm and another one across campus.B

37、More than one gunman was involved.C The gunman was an Asian man.D One of high schools ways of keeping security is using a metal detector or two.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which word can take place of “surreal“ (Line 1, Para. 3; Line 5, Para. 4) in the passage?A Unbelievable. B Unforgettable. C Authentic.

38、D Miserable.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).What did Stiltner mean about “I hope I dont have any nasty surprises.“?A He doesnt hope someone he knows is victim.B He doesnt want to see the victims name.C He doesnt need any surprise more.D He was scared by the assailment accident.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).From this ar

39、ticle we can guess that the author is aA reviewer. B journalist. C observer. D novelist.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Fear seems to be the dominant mood of the moment. Hurricanes, tidal waves, floods, earthquakes and terrorism this year have all brought with them not only appalling scenes

40、 of devastation, death and suffering, but also outrage at the lack of preparations to avoid or cope with these disasters. Now even the birds of the air are a threat, we are told. That migrating flock visible On the horizon at sunset, once a consoling reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature, could

41、be carrying the virus which might soon kill tens of millions of people.Given the many fingers pointed at governments in the wake of other disasters this year, it is hardly surprising that they are scrambling to respond to the threat posed by avian influenza. After confirmation this week that the HSN

42、1 strain of bird flu, which has been spreading quickly in Asia, had been discovered in Romania and perhaps Greece, European Union foreign ministers convened an emergency meeting. President George Bush, still smarting from a torrent of criticism of his governments clumsy response to Hurricane Katrina

43、 has promised to rush out emergency plans for dealing with an outbreak of pandemic flu which have been stalled for years. Countries around the world are hurrying to stockpile the only current antiviral drug, Tamifln, which might be effective in saving lives in any pandemic or curbing its spread. Th

44、e World Health Organisation is calling for an internationally coordinated effort. Health ministers from around the globe are due to meet next week in Canada to discuss what steps to take.Is any of this eff6rt justified? Or are politicians simply helping to feed public panic, and then covering themse

45、lves by promising to spend lavishly against a threat which may never materialize and to reduce a risk which they do not understand? To ask these questions is not to counsel complacency, but to apply the kind of test which is required in any kind of disaster planning, not least because the world is a

46、n inherently dangerous place and it is impossible to plan against every possible disaster. With the media full of warnings of impending mass death, an overreaction is all too possible.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred from the first paragraph that _.A strong resentment resulted from the lack of prepa

47、rations to cope with recent disastersB the dominant mood of the moment resulted in the appalling scenes of devastationC tens of millions of people could carry the virus on the horizonD reminder of the eternal rhythms of nature emerged at sunset to avoid these disasters（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).According

48、to the text, American emergency plans for coping with an outbreak of pandemic flu _.A have been stipulated B have been enactedC have been abolished D have been delayed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).Which of the following remarks on our available antiviral medication would the author make?A Effective but poisonous. B Harmful but populous.C Meager and not reliable. D Affordable and palatable.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).The phrase “not least“ in the last but one sentence of the text means _.A at most B not at allC marginally D particularly（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).It can be inferred from the last