【考研类试卷】中南大学翻译硕士英语真题2010年及答案解析.doc

1、中南大学翻译硕士英语真题 2010 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Diction(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Is vanity one of the seven deadly sins?（分数：1.00）A.foolishnessB.sanityC.prideD.selfishness2.The child was uncomfortable under the scrutiny of his grandfather.（分数：1.00）A.examinationB.weightC.gazeD.attention3.Professor Brigh

2、t likes to ramble during her lectures.（分数：1.00）A.mumbleB.ruminateC.wonderD.wander4.The teacher is very exacting about his students penmanship.（分数：1.00）A.lenientB.demandingC.carefulD.meticulous5.There are rumors of an economic menace from the dairy cooperatives.（分数：1.00）A.problemB.ultimatumC.disaster

3、D.threat6.The driver was baffled when his turn signal wouldnt work.（分数：1.00）A.confusedB.surprisedC.angeredD.dismayed7.The father gave his son a horse, which was considered extravagant by the rest of the family.（分数：1.00）A.exorbitantB.crazyC.unwiseD.generous8.After the boy was hit on the head, he had

4、no recollection of anything that had happened before.（分数：1.00）A.memoirB.memberC.memoryD.memento9.The little girls were commended for their wonderful dance presentation.（分数：1.00）A.recommendedB.respectedC.pleasedD.praised10.It would be a blessing for the human race if the mosquito could be eradicated.

5、（分数：1.00）A.wiped upB.wiped awayC.wiped offD.wiped out11.The clamorous group of children enjoyed the park all afternoon.（分数：1.00）A.nosyB.noxiousC.noisyD.noisome12.The flood waters began to abate as soon as the rain ceased.（分数：1.00）A.diminishB.dimC.deemD.dilute13.New York Citys Brooklyn area holds 2.2

6、 million diverse and disputatious people.（分数：1.00）A.disreputableB.argumentativeC.arbitraryD.ardent14.Few visitors care that the neighborhood is dominated by highrises and skyscrapers.（分数：1.00）A.overlookedB.overthrownC.overpassedD.overshadowed15.With the new leadership there came sweeping change.（分数：

7、1.00）A.uprootingB.wide-reachingC.reachingD.specific二、Part Structure and(总题数：10，分数：10.00)16.The sudden bankruptcy of these financial giants threw the investors _ and caused them to _.（分数：1.00）A.in a panic, stampedeB.in a panic, panicC.in confusion, hold their stocksD.in despair, withdraw gradually17.

8、During the flood of 1927, the Red Cross, _ out of emergency headquarters in Mississippi, set up temporary shelters for the homeless.（分数：1.00）A.operatesB.is operatingC.has operatedD.operating18.The quantum theory states _, such as light, is given off and absorbed in tiny definite units called quanta

9、or photons.（分数：1.00）A.energy thatB.that it is energyC.it is energyD.that energy19.The best known of all the Arctic birds, _.（分数：1.00）A.birdwatchers favor ptarmigansB.being ptarmigans and birdwatchers favoritesC.favored by both ptarmigans and birdwatchersD.ptarmigans are a favorite of birdwatchers20.

10、Geysers are round near rivers and lakes, where water drains through fine soil _.（分数：1.00）A.surface below the deepB.deep below the surfaceC.the deep below surfaceD.the deep surface below21.“Yesterday he had a blue heart and coat.“ That is an example of _.（分数：1.00）A.punB.metonymyC.zeugmaD.syllepsis22.

11、“By days end, I had drilled 4216 holes to a depth of 18 inches, and I had lost mine pounds, my hearing, feeling in both hands and the ability to lift anything heavier than the evening paper.“ That is an example of _.（分数：1.00）A.punB.syllepsisC.anticlimaxD.allusion23.“Britannia rules the waves, Mussol

12、ini waives the rules.“ That is an example of _.（分数：1.00）A.paregmenonB.regressionC.paradoxD.zeugma24.“Clearly, when it comes to marriage, practicing beforehand doesnt make perfect.“ That is an example of _.（分数：1.00）A.oxymoronB.transferred epithetC.malapropismD.parody25.“The one in the brown suit gape

13、d at her. Blue suit grinned, might even have winked. The big nose in grey suit still staredand he had small angry eyes and did not even smile.“ That is an example of _.（分数：1.00）A.hyperboleB.transferred epithetC.metonymyD.oxymoron三、Part Reading Compr(总题数：5，分数：15.00)Passage 1For years, millions of Ame

14、ricans and people from around the world have crowded into the well-known major parks. They have read the travel literature or heard firsthand reports about these wonders, and naturally theyve had to see for themselves.At times, visiting some of our parks has become more like rubbing elbows at a jam-

15、packed Major League baseball game than sensing the solitude of the wilderness. We have tried to see the most and the best in the least amount of time. We have jumped into cars and campers and rushed off to cover a dozen parks in a week or two-madly snapping photographs as we go.（分数：2.00）(1).Accordin

16、g to the passage, many Americans visit the major parks because _.（分数：1.00）A.they like the well-known major parksB.they want to gain the same knowledge as othersC.they want to show the pictures of those parks to their friendsD.they dont care for line historic parks(2).We can infer from the passage th

17、at（分数：1.00）A.people should not visit several parks superficiallyB.people should not spend more time thinking about the park itselfC.people should visit the famous parks in AmericaD.people should drive around the parksPassage 2Full-time faculty and staff on the University payroll, when applying for a

18、n annual permit, may authorize payment of their parking fees by payroll deduction. The first deduction will include the regular monthly deduction of $15.00 plus a one-time deduction to cover all parking charges accruing prior to the first deduction period.（分数：2.00）(1).These instructions apply to _.（

19、分数：1.00）A.anyone who is applying for a parking permitB.all people who want to park at the UniversityC.people who work full-time at the UniversityD.people who are applying to work at the University(2).You may have your parking fees deducted from your pay if you（分数：1.00）A.are applying for an annual pe

20、rmitB.have paid all prior parking chargesC.apply before the first deduction periodD.park at the University regularlyPassage 3The science of linguistics has helped to reconstruct the long road the ancestors of modern day Indians traveled in North America. At the time of the discovery of the New World

21、, line explorers found a babel of tongues. In North and South America more languages were spokenabout 2, 200 of themthan all of Europe and Asia at that time. Despite what some early explorers and European scholars believed, there never was such a language as “American Indian“meaning, presumably, one

22、 common language with only local dialects. Rather than one common language that linked the Indians of North America, about 550 distinct languages were spoken, and nearly every language comprised numerous dialects. A second misconception was that a language had to be written to rank as a full-fledged

23、 language. In North America, a truly written language developed only in Mexico, yet most Indian groups were able to communicate a rich unwritten tradition of poetry, oratory, and drama.（分数：3.00）(1).When explorers discovered North America, _.（分数：1.00）A.there was one common language spoken throughout

24、the landB.they discovered a placed called BabelC.written language was an important means of communicationD.there were many languages spoken, most with many dialects(2).An incorrect belief of some early scholars was that _.（分数：1.00）A.550 distinct languages were spoken in North AmericaB.the American I

25、ndian language had many dialectsC.more languages were spoken in North America than in EuropeD.to be a real language, a language had to be written(3).Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Only Mexican Indians communicated through poetry, drama, and oration.B.Mo

26、st Indian languages were rich in poetry, oratory arid drama.C.Only written Indian languages were rich in poetry, oratory, and drama.D.North American Indians did not develop a truly written languagPassage 4In general, our society is becoming one of giant enterprises directed by a bureaucratic managem

27、ent in which man becomes a small, well-oiled cog in the machinery. The oiling is done with higher wages, well-ventilated factories and piped music, and by psychologists and “human-relations“ experts; yet all this oiling does not alter the fact that man has become powerless, that he does not whole he

28、artedly participate in his work and that he is bored with it. In fact, the blue-and white-collar workers have become economic puppets who dance to the tune of automated machines and bureaucratic management.The worker and employee are anxious, not only because they might find themselves out of a job;

29、 they are anxious also because they are unable to acquire any real satisfaction or interest in life. They live and die without ever having confronted the fundamental realities of human existence as emotionally and intellectually independent and productive human beings.Those higher up on the social l

30、adder are no less anxious. Their lives are no less empty than those of their subordinates. They are even more insecure in some respects. They are in a highly competitive race. To be promoted or to fall behind is not a matter of salary but even more a matter of self-respect. When they apply for their

31、 first job, they are tested for intelligence as well as for the right mixture of submissiveness and independence. From that moment on they are tested again and againby the psychologists, for whom testing is a big business, and by their superiors who judge their behavior, sociability, capacity to get

32、 along, etC. This constant need to prove that one is as good as or better than ones fellow-competitor creates constant anxiety and stress, the very causes of unhappiness and illness.Am I suggesting that we should return to the preindustrial mode of production or to nineteenth-century “free enterpris

33、e“ capitalism.7 Certainly not. Problems are never solved by returning to a stage which one has already outgrown. I suggest transforming our social system from a bureaucratically managed industrialism in which maximal production and consumption are ends in themselves into a humanist industrialism in

34、which man and full development of his potentialitiesthose of love and of reasonare the aims of all social arrangements. Production and consumption should serve only as means to this end, and should be prevented from ruling man.（分数：4.00）(1).By “a well-oiled cog in the machinery“ the author intends to

35、 render the idea that man is _.（分数：1.00）A.a necessary part of the society though each individuals function is negligibleB.working in complete harmony with the rest of the societyC.an unimportant part in comparison with the rest of the society, though functioning smoothlyD.a humble component of the s

36、ociety, especially when working smoothly(2).The real cause of the anxiety of the workers and employees is that _.（分数：1.00）A.they are likely to lose their jobsB.they have no genuine satisfaction or interest in lifeC.they are faced with the fundamental realities of human existenceD.they are deprived o

37、f their individuality and independence(3).From the passage we can infer that real happiness of life belongs to those _.（分数：1.00）A.who are at the bottom of the societyB.who are higher up in their social statusC.who prove better than their follow-competitorsD.who could keep far away from this competit

38、ive world(4).To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should _.（分数：1.00）A.resort to the production mode of our ancestorsB.offer higher wages to the workers and employeesC.enable man to fully develop his potentialitiesD.take the fundamental realities for grantedPassage 5The ne

39、wspaper must provide for the reader the facts, pure, unprejudiced, objectively selected facts. But in these days of complex news it must provide more; it must supply interpretation, the meaning of the facts. This is the most important assignment confronting American journalismto make clear to the re

40、ader the problems of the day, to make international news understandable as community news, to recognize that there is no longer any such thing (with the possible exception of society news) as “local“ news, because any event in the international area has local reaction in the financial market, politi

41、cal circles, in terms, indeed, of our very way of life.There is in journalism a widespread view that when you consider giving an interpretation, you are entering dangerous waters, the swirling tides of opinion. This is nonsense.The opponents of interpretation insist that the writer and the editor sh

42、all confine himself to the “facts“. This insistence raises two questions. What are the facts? And: Are the bare facts enough?As for the first question, consider how a so-called “factual“ story comes about. The reporter collects, say, fifty facts; out these fifty, his space being necessarily restrict

43、ed, he selects the ten which he considers most important. This is judgment Number One. Then he or his editor decides which of these ten facts shall constitute the beginning of the article. (This is an important decision because many readers do not proceed beyond the first paragraph.) This is Judgmen

44、t Number Two. Then the night editor determines whether the article shall be presented on page one, where it has a large influence, or on page twenty-four, where it has little. Judgment Number Three.Thus in the presentation of a so-called “factual“ or “objective“ story, at least three judgments are i

45、nvolved. And they are judgments not at all unlike those involved in interpretation, in which, reporter and editor, calling upon their research resources, their general background, and their “news neutralism“, arrive at a conclusion as to line significance of the news.The two areas of judgment, prese

46、ntation of the news and its interpretation, are both objective rather than subjective processesas objective, that is, as any human being can be. (Note in passing: even though complete objectivity can never be achieved, nevertheless the ideal must always be the light in the murky news channels.) If a

47、n editor is intent on giving a prejudiced view of the news, he can do it in other ways and more effectively than by interpretation. He can do it by the selection of those facts that support his particular viewpoint. Or he can do it by line play he gives a story-promoting it to page one or putting it

48、 on page thirty.（分数：4.00）(1).The best title for this passage is _.（分数：1.00）A.Function of the Night EditorB.Interpreting the NewsC.Subjective versus Objective ProcessesD.Choosing Facts(2).The author implies that _.（分数：1.00）A.in writing a factual story, the writer must use judgmentB.fine writer should

49、 limit himself to the factsC.reporters give s prejudiced view of the factsD.editors control what the reporters write(3).The beginning sentence should present the most important fact because _.（分数：1.00）A.it will influence the reader to continueB.most readers read only the first paragraphC.it is line best way to write according to the schools of journalismD.it details the general attitude of the writer(4).Readers are justified in thinking that the most important