【考研类试卷】全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题2001年及答案解析.doc

1、全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语真题 2001 年及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Structur(总题数：10，分数：5.00)1.If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I _ my head in my hands for a cry.（分数：0.50）A.buryB.am buryingC.buriedD.would bury2.Good news was sometimes released prematurely, with the British recapture of t

2、he port _ half a day before the de fenders actually surrendered.（分数：0.50）A.to announceB.announcedC.announcingD.was announced3.According to one belief, if truth is to be known it will make itself apparent, so one _ wait instead of searching for it.（分数：0.50）A.would ratherB.bad toC.cannot butD.bad best

3、4.She felt suitably humble just as she _ when he had first taken a good look at her city self, hair waved and golden, nails red and pointed.（分数：0.50）A.hadB.had hadC.would have hadD.has had5.There was no sign that Mr. Jospin, who keeps a firm control on the party despite _ from leadership of it, woul

4、d intervene personally.（分数：0.50）A.being resignedB.having resignedC.going to resignD.resign6.So involved with their computers _ that leaders at summer computer camps often have to force them to break for sports and games.（分数：0.50）A.became the childrenB.become the childrenC.had the children becomeD.do

5、 the children become7.The individual TV viewer invariably senses that he or she is _ an anonymous, statistically insignificant part of a huge and diverse audience.（分数：0.50）A.everything exceptB.anything butC.no less thanD.nothing more than8.One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept ma

6、tch. _ this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation.（分数：0.50）A.ByB.InC.ForD.With9.Conversation becomes weaker in a society that spends so much time listening and being talked to _ it has all but lost the will and the skill to speak for itself.（分数：0.50）A.a

7、sB.whichC.thatD.what10.Church as we use the word refers to all religious institutions, _ they Christian, Islamic, Buddhist, Jewish, and so on.（分数：0.50）A.beB.beingC.wereD.are二、BSection B/B(总题数：20，分数：10.00)11.He is too young to be, able to _ between right and wrong.（分数：0.50）A.discardB.discernC.dispers

8、eD.disregard12.It was no _ that his car was seen near the bank at the time of the robbery.（分数：0.50）A.coincidenceB.conventionC.certaintyD.complication13.One of the responsibilities of the Coast Guard is to make sure that all ships _ follow traffic rules in busy harbors.（分数：0.50）A.cautiouslyB.dutifull

9、yC.faithfullyD.skillfully14.The Eskimo is perhaps one of the most trusting and considerate of all Indians but seems to be _ the welfare of his animals.（分数：0.50）A.critical aboutB.indignant atC.indifferent toD.subject to15.The chairman of the board _ on me the unpleasant job of dismissing good workers

10、 the firm can no longer afford to employ.（分数：0.50）A.compelledB.posedC.pressedD.tempted16.It is naive to expect that any society can resolve all the social problems it is faced with _.（分数：0.50）A.for longB.in and outC.once for allD.by nature17.Using extremely different decorating schemes in adjoining

11、rooms may result in _ and lack of unity in style.（分数：0.50）A.conflictB.confrontationC.disturbanceD.disharmony18.The Timber rattlesnake is now on the endangered species list, and is extinct in two eastern states in which it once（分数：0.50）A.thrivedB.swelledC.prosperedD.nourished19.However, growth in the

12、 fabricated metals industry was able to _ some of the decline in the irun and steel industry.（分数：0.50）A.overturnB.overtakeC.offsetD.oppress20.Because of its intimacy, radio is usually more than just a medium; it is _.（分数：0.50）A.firmB.companyC.corporationD.enterprise21.When any non -human organ is tr

13、ansplanted into a person, the body immediately recognizes it as _.（分数：0.50）A.novelB.remoteC.distantD.foreign22.My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison disc I _ at a garage sale.（分数：0.50）A.trifled withB.scraped throughC.stumbled uponD.thirsted for23.Some day software wi

14、ll translate both written and spoken language so well that the need for any common second language could _.（分数：0.50）A.descendB.declineC.deteriorateD.depress24.Equipment not _ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.（分数：0.50）A.conforming toB.consistent withC.predominant overD

15、providing for25.As an industry, biotechnology stands to _ electronics in dollar volume and perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020.（分数：0.50）A.contendB.contestC.rivalD.strive26.The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preserving

16、 for the states and liberty for individuals.（分数：0.50）A.autonomyB.dignityC.monopolyD.stability27.For three quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost _ as microorganisms.（分数：0.50）A.preciselyB.instantlyC.initiallyD.exclusively28.The introduction of gunpowder gradually made the bow and arrow _

17、 , particularly in Western Europe.（分数：0.50）A.obscureB.obsoleteC.optionalD.overlapping29.Whoever formulated the theory of the origin of the universe, it is just _ and needs proving.（分数：0.50）A.spontaneousB.hypotheticalC.intuitiveD.empirical30.The future of this company is _: many of its talented emplo

18、yees are flowing into more profitable net - based businesses.（分数：0.50）A.at oddsB.in troubleC.in vainD.at stake三、BPart Cloze Te(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.as toB.for instanceC.in particularD.such asA.tighteningB.intensifyingC.focusingD.fasteningA.sketchB.roughC.preliminaryD.draftA.illogicalB.illegalC.improbab

19、leD.improperA.publicityB.penaltyC.popularityD.peculiarityA.sinceB.ifC.beforeD.asA.sidedB.sharedC.compliedD.agreedA.presentB.offerC.manifestD.indicateA.ReleaseB.PublicationC.PrintingD.ExposureA.stormB.rageC.flareD.flashA.translationB.interpretationC.exhibitionD.demonstrationA.better thanB.other thanC

20、rather thanD.sooner thanA.changesB.makesC.setsD.turnsA.bindingB.convincingC.restrainingD.sustainingA.authorizedB.creditedC.entitledD.qualifiedA.withB.toC.fromD.byA.impactB.incidentC.inferenceD.issueA.statedB.remarkedC.saidD.toldA.whatB.whenC.whichD.thatA.assureB.confideC.ensureD.guarantee四、BPart Re

21、ading (总题数：4，分数：8.00)51.The growth speeialisation in the 19th century might be more clearly seen in sciences such as _.（分数：2.00）A.sociology and chemistryB.physics and psychologyC.sociology and psychologyD.physics and chemistry52.We can infer from the passage that _.（分数：2.00）A.there is little distinc

22、tion between specialisation and professionalisationB.amateurs can compete with professionals in some areas of scienceC.professionals tend to welcome amateurs into the scientific communityD.amateurs have national academic societies but no local ones53.The author writes of the development of geology t

23、o demonstrate _.（分数：2.00）A.the process of specialisation and professionalisationB.the hardship of amateurs in scientific studyC.the change of policies in scientific publicationsD.the discrimination of professionals against amateurs54.The direct reason for specialisation is _.（分数：2.00）A.the developme

24、nt in communicationB.the growth of professionalisationC.the expansion of scientific knowledgeD.the splitting up of academic societies五、BPassage 2/B(总题数：4，分数：8.00)55.Digital divide is something _.（分数：2.00）A.getting worse because of the InternetB.the rich countries are responsible forC.the world must

25、guard againstD.considered positive today56.Governments attach importance to the Internet because it _.（分数：2.00）A.offers economic potentialsB.can bring foreign fundsC.can soon wipe out world povertyD.connects people all over the world57.The writer mentioned the case of the United States to justify th

26、e policy of _.（分数：2.00）A.providing financial support overseasB.preventing foreign capitals controlC.building industrial infrastructureD.accepting foreign investment58.It seems that now a countrys economy depends much on _.（分数：2.00）A.how well-developed it is electronicallyB.whether it is prejudiced a

27、gainst immigrantsC.whether it adopts Americas industrial patternD.how much control it has over foreign corporations六、BPassage 3/B(总题数：4，分数：8.00)59.What is the passage mainly about?（分数：2.00）A.Needs of the readers all over the world.B.Causes of the public disappointment about newspapers.C.Origins of t

28、he declining newspaper industry.D.Aims of a journalism credibility project.60.The results of the journalism credibility project turned out to be _.（分数：2.00）A.quite trustworthyB.somewhat contradictoryC.very illuminatingD.rather superficial61.The basic problem of journalists as pointed out by the writ

29、er lies in their _.（分数：2.00）A.working attitudeB.conventional lifestyleC.world outlookD.educational background62.Despite its efforts, the newspaper industry still cannot satisfy the readers owing to its _.（分数：2.00）A.failure to realize its real problemB.tendency to hire annoying reportersC.likeliness

30、to do inaccurate reportingD.prejudice in matters of race and gender七、BPassage 4/B(总题数：4，分数：8.00)63.What is the typical trend of businesses today?（分数：2.00）A.To take in more foreign funds,B.To invest more abroad.C.To combine and become bigger.D.To trade with more countries.64.According to the author,

31、one of the driving forces behind the M it is _.（分数：0.50）A.firmB.company C.corporationD.enterprise解析：试题分析 本题为近义名词辨析题。 词义辨析 firm 意为“公司，商号”，常用于英国英语和口语中；company 意为“公司；同仁，陪伴，伙伴”；corporation 意为“法人团体”，在美国英语中指“股份有限公司”；enterprise 则是指“企业”。本题只有选项B中的“伙伴”符合题意。21.When any non -human organ is transplanted into a p

32、erson, the body immediately recognizes it as _.（分数：0.50）A.novelB.remoteC.distantD.foreign 解析：试题分析 本题为形容词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 novel 意为“新奇的，新颖的”remote 意为“遥远的；微不足道的”；distant 意为“远距离的；冷淡的；恍惚的”； foreign 意为“外来的；无关的；异体的”。根据生理常识，我们也可判断出此题正确答案为D。22.My favorite radio song is the one I first heard on a thick 1923 Edison

33、 disc I _ at a garage sale.（分数：0.50）A.trifled withB.scraped throughC.stumbled upon D.thirsted for解析：试题分析 本题为动词短语辨析题。 词义辨析 trifled with 意为“玩弄，戏耍”；scraped through 意为“擦过，勉强通过”；stumbled upon 意为“意外地发现，偶然发现”；thirsted for 意为“渴望”。由于那张唱片是在一次大甩卖的场所(garage sale)发现的，当然是很“偶然”，因此正确答案为选项C。23.Some day software will

34、 translate both written and spoken language so well that the need for any common second language could _.（分数：0.50）A.descendB.decline C.deteriorateD.depress解析：试题分析 本题测试形近动词的辨析。 详细解答 本题的四个选项中都有前缀 de，表示否定，但不一定直接否定。descend 意为“下来，下降；遗传”；decline 指力量、势力、数量或影响力等方面的“衰弱，下降”；它还有“委婉谢绝”的意思；deteriorate 则指病情、工作状况等

35、方面的“恶化，变坏”；depress 意为“使沮丧；压抑”。本题是指对外语需求的“下降”，那么只有B最合符题意。24.Equipment not _ official safety standards has all been removed from the workshop.（分数：0.50）A.conforming to B.consistent withC.predominant overD.providing for解析：试题分析 本题为形容词性后置短语辨析题。 词义辨析 conforming to意为“遵守或符合”；consistent with意为“与”，前后一致的”；predo

36、minant over意为“对占优势的”；providing for 意为“提供，供给；抚养”。只有不“符合”安全标准的物品才会被搬走，因此正确答案为 A。25.As an industry, biotechnology stands to _ electronics in dollar volume and perhaps surpass it in social impact by 2020.（分数：0.50）A.contendB.contestC.rival D.strive解析：试题分析 本题为动词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 contend 意为“竞争；斗争”，如果后接介词for 则表示为

37、某一目的斗争；如果后接介词 with 或 against，则表示与某人或某物竞争或斗争；contest为及物动词，后面直接跟竞争或斗争的对象；rival 也是及物动词，意为“可与竞争，与匹敌，比得上”；strive 是不及物动词，后接介词 against 或 with，表示“与斗争”，后接介词for，表示“为奋斗”。选项C含有“可与相媲美”之意，最符合题意。26.The authors of the United States Constitution attempted to establish an effective national government while preservin

38、g _ for the states and liberty for individuals.（分数：0.50）A.autonomy B.dignityC.monopolyD.stability解析：试题分析 本题为名词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 autonomy 意为“自治权，自主权”；dignity意为“尊严，高贵”；monopoly 意为“垄断，独占”；stability 意为“稳定，稳固”。根据题意，此空应填 autonomy，使得 autonomy for the states 与 liberty for individuals 并列，作 preserving 的宾语。27.For th

39、ree quarters of its span on Earth, life evolved almost _ as microorganisms.（分数：0.50）A.preciselyB.instantlyC.initiallyD.exclusively 解析：试题分析 本题为副词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 Precisely 意为“精确地；严格说来”，instantly 意为“立即地，瞬间地”；initially 意为“最初；开始”；exclusively 意为“专门地，仅仅”。根据题意，选项D为最佳答案。28.The introduction of gunpowder gradually

40、 made the bow and arrow _ , particularly in Western Europe.（分数：0.50）A.obscureB.obsolete C.optionalD.overlapping解析：试题分析 本题是形容词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 obscure 意为“无名的；模糊的；费解的；隐藏的”；obsolete 意为“淘汰的，废弃的；过时的”；optional 意为“可选择的，随意的”；overlapping 意为“重叠的；部分相同的”。根据题意，弓箭与火药比当然是“过时了”，因此正确答案为 obsolete。29.Whoever formulated the

41、 theory of the origin of the universe, it is just _ and needs proving.（分数：0.50）A.spontaneousB.hypothetical C.intuitiveD.empirical解析：试题分析 本题为形容词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 spontaneous 意为“自然的，自发的”；hypothetical 意为“假说的，臆说的，假定的”；intuitive 意为“自觉的”； empirical 意为“只凭经验的，经验主义的”。根据题意，该理论需要证明，当然只不过是“假说的”，因此D为正确答案。30.The future

42、 of this company is _: many of its talented employees are flowing into more profitable net - based businesses.（分数：0.50）A.at oddsB.in troubleC.in vainD.at stake 解析：试题分析 本题为介词短语辨析题。 词义辨析 at odds 意为“不一致”；in trouble 意为“处于困境之中”；in vain 意为“徒劳，白费力气”；at stake 意为“在危险中，濒于危险”。由于许多有才能的人才外流，公司的前途当然就“危险”了，因此正确的答案

43、为D。三、BPart Cloze Te(总题数：20，分数：10.00)A.as toB.for instanceC.in particularD.such as 解析：试题分析 本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。 详细解答 as to 意为“至于，关于”，用以转换话题；for in stance 用于举例，常引导句子；”particular 意为“特别地”，用来表示强调；such as 引导短语，用来列举，表示前后成份之间“整体与局部”的关系。根据句子的结构，选项D为正确答案。A.tightening B.intensifyingC.focusingD.fastening解析：试题分析 本题为动词词

44、义辨析题。 词义辨析 tighten 意为“抓紧，加强”；focus 意为“使集中”； fasten 意为“系紧，装牢”；intensify 意为“使强烈，使增强，加剧”，用来强调数量、活动或情感的增加。根据题意，选项 A为正确答案。A.sketchB.roughC.preliminaryD.draft 解析：试题分析 本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。 详细解答 a draft bill 是固定搭配。意为“一项草案”的意思。A.illogicalB.illegal C.improbableD.improper解析：试题分析 本题为形容词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 illogical 意为“不合逻辑的”；

45、improbable 意为“未必会的，似不可信的”；improper 意为“不合适的，错误的”；illegal 意为“非法的”。政府即将禁止向证人付款的行为，因此，推出新草案的目的必然是明确规定该行为属于非法。故选项B为正确答案。A.publicity B.penaltyC.popularityD.peculiarity解析：试题分析 本题为名词词义辨析题。 详细解答 publicity 意思是“引起大家注意；宣传”；penalty 意为“惩罚”；popularity 意为“流行，普遍，声望”；peculiarity 意为“奇异，特色”。从上文可知，政府将出台相应措施限制媒体报道有关案件。显然

46、此处应填入表示“公开，宣传”等与媒体行为有关的词汇，故选项A为正确答案。A.sinceB.ifC.before D.as解析：试题分析 本题考查对句子逻辑结构的掌握。 详细解答 英国政府将要禁止新闻界向证人付款的行为。从根本上讲，其目的是为了防止媒体对案件的大肆渲染影响司法公正，那么政府是在审判开始之前就控制了媒体对案件的报道，故选项Cbefore 为正确答案。A.sidedB.sharedC.compliedD.agreed 解析：试题分析 本题考查对固定搭配的掌握。 词义辨析 本题的四个选项都可与介词 with 搭配，但意义却有所不同：side with 意为“援助；参与；袒护”；com

47、ply with 意为“遵守，遵循，顺从，应允”；share with 意为“分享，共同负担”；agree with 意为“同意，一致”。根据题意，选项D为正确答案。A.presentB.offer C.manifestD.indicate解析：试题分析 木题为动词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 present 作“提供，给与”意义时常与 with 或to 搭配，构成 present sb. with sth 或 present sth.to sb结构；offer 作“提供，给与”讲时是及物动词，后面可直接跟名词；manifest 意为“显示，证明”；indicate 意为“指出，显示”。根据词义及用

48、法，选项B为正确答案。A.ReleaseB.Publication C.PrintingD.Exposure解析：试题分析 本题为名词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 release 意为“释放，免除，准许发表”；publication 意为“公开发表，出版”；exposure 意为“暴露，揭发”；printing 意为“印刷”。信件只有在公开发表后，人们才能知道信的内容，才会在媒体引起轩然大波，故选项B为正确答案。A.storm B.rageC.flareD.flash解析：试题分析 本题为名词词义辨析题。 词义辨析 storm 意为“风暴”；rage 意为“愤怒，盛怒”；flare“闪耀，闪光”；flash 意为“闪光，闪现”。a storm of protest 意为“抗议的风暴”，用来描述媒体抗议的规模及强度等，故选项A为正确答案。A.translationB.interpretation C.exhibitionD.demonstr