【考研类试卷】英语-基础语法(一)及答案解析.doc

1、英语-基础语法(一)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.I intended _ the subject with you, but I was too busy then.A. having discussed B. to discussC. to have discussed D. discussing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.The neighbors _ you very much for you to speak in that way about them.A. must annoy B. may annoyC. must have annoyed

2、 D. could have annoyed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.I had just started back for the house to change my clothes, _ I heard voices.A. as B. when C. after D. while（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.The company _ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.A. is promised B. has been promisingC. is promising D. promise

3、d（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5.The boy students in this school are nearly _ as the girl students to say they intended to get a college degree in business.A. as likely twice B. likely as twiceC. as twice likely D. twice as likely（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in

4、 that region, _ were surprising.A. as results B. which resultsC. the result of it D. the results of which（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.We dont need air conditioning, _.A. nor can we afford it B. and nor we can afford itC. neither can afford it D. and we can neither afford it（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.If the whole oper

5、ation _ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A. was not planned B. has not been plannedC. had not been planned D. were not planned（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.There is a real possibility that these animals could be frightened, _ a sudden loud noise.A. there being B. was thereC. shou

6、ld there be D. there having been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.The millions of calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _ all practical value by the time they were finished.A. could lose B. would have lostC. might lose D. ought to have lost（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.The new type of machine _ the year after

7、next.A. is going to being turn out B. is going to have turned outC. is going to turn out D. is going to be turned out（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be established in every town _ 50 households or more.A. having B. to haveC. to have had

8、 D. having had（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.Plastics are the best insulator of electricity, rubber _ it closely.A. following B. followed C. to follow D. being followed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.My train arrives in New York at eight oclock. The plane I would like to take from there _ by then.A. would leave B. will ha

9、ve leftC. has left D. had left（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.How close parents are to their children _ a strong influence on the character ot their childrenAhaving Bhave Chas Dto have（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.We have done things we ought not to have done and _ undone things we ought to have done.A. leave B. leaving

10、C. left D. will leave（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.Tom doesnt want to work right away because he thinks that if he _ a job he probably wouldnt be able to play football very often.A. has to get B. had gotC. were to get D. could have got（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more

11、thanA. he was in good health B. his good health wasC. was good for his health D. his health was good（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts“ have _ possible many recent developments in surgery.A. made it B. been made C. made D. become（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.Once environment

12、al damage _, it takes many years for the system to recover.A. had done B. is to do C. does D. is done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.Please give her the book if you _ her.A. should see B. will seeC. saw D. were to（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.The noise was caused by a wood-pecker _ a tree in the garden.A. peck B. pecked

13、C. pecking D. to peck（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23._ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet“.A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To be seen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.The little man was _ one meter fifty high.A. almost than B. hardly more thanC. nearly more than D. as much as

14、（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25._ for my illness I would have gone to see him.A. Not being B. Without beingC. Had it not been D. Not having been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.Everything _ if Albert hadnt called the fire brigade.A. would be destroyed B. would have been destroyedC. will be destroyed D. will have been destro

15、yed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.The students will put off the match until next week, _ they wont be so busy.A. since B. as C. when D. while（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.Not only Jack but also I _ to attend the meeting.A. am B. are C. is D. has（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.This is one of the best students that I _.A. even have k

16、nown B. have ever knownC. know D. knew（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.I second Mr. Smiths motion that we _ a special board to examine the problem.A. set up B. have to set up C. are to set up D. may set up（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.There seemed little hope that the explorer, _ in the tropical forest, would find his way

17、 out.A. having been deserted B. having desertedC. to have been deserted D. to be deserted（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.I dont suppose youre leaving this evening，_?Awont you Bare you Carent you Ddo I（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.Adopting this method, the team raised the average yield _ 40%.A. at B. by C. to D. with（分数：2

18、.00）A.B.C.D.34.Im glad that Peter decided to come to the party because we _ him for several years.A. havent seen B. dont see C. didnt see D. hadnt seen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.The house was very quiet, as it was on the side of a mountain.A. isolated B. being isolatedC. isolating D. having been isolated（分

19、数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.Mr. Wells, together with all the members of his family, _ for Europe this afternoon.A. is leaving B. leaveC. are to leave D. are leaving（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.The touch excites no defensive response unless the approach is from above where the spider can see the motion, _ on its hind l

20、egs, lifts its front legs, opens its fangs and holds this threatening posture as long as the object continues to move.A. in which case it rises B. in that case it risesC. in which case does it rise D. such being the case it rises（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.Understanding the cultural habits of another nation

21、, especially _ containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.A. one B. the one C. that D. such（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.The riot is said _ by the governments negligence of the peoples welfare.A. to have been caused B. being causedC. to be caused D. to cause（分数：2.00）A.B.C

22、.D.40._ he works hard, I dont mind when he finish the experiment.A. As soon as B. As well asC. So far as D. So long as（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.41._, the mountain looks like an elephant.A. Having seen from a distance B. Having been seen from a distanceC. Seeing from a distance D. Seen from a distance（分数：2.00

23、）A.B.C.D.42.Some people are sitting on the grass; others are strolling along the lake side,_.A. chatting and to laugh B. to chat and to laughC. chatting and laughing D. chatting and laughed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.He _ killed last night if he had taken part in the surprise attack on the city.A. would be

24、B. should have beenC. must have been D. might have been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.Even if they are on sale, these refrigerators are equal in price to, if not more expensive than, _ at the other store.A. any other B. the others C. the ones D. that（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.Great as Newton was, many of his ideas _

25、today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A. are to challenge B. may be challengedC. have been challenged D. are challenging（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.My brother said he _told his examination results by the time I next saw himAwould be Bwas to beCwas to have been Dwould have been（分

26、数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.By the end of the year all but two people _A. have left B. will leaveC. will be leaving D. will have left（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.It is not easy to give away money _ it is to make money.A. as B. more than C. as much as D. any more than（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.Only recently _ to realize the d

27、angers caffeine (咖啡因) might bring to our health.A. that scientists began B. have scientists begunC. scientists have begun D. that did scientists begin（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.Kunming is unique in China _ its temperature varies little, summer or winter.A. in which B. in that C. for that “D. but that（分数：2.

28、00）A.B.C.D.英语-基础语法(一)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1.I intended _ the subject with you, but I was too busy then.A. having discussed B. to discussC. to have discussed D. discussing（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 be，intend，mean，plan，want，hope 等动词的过去式接动词不定式的完成形式的结构，表示过去想做而没有做的事。2.The neighbors _ you very much for

29、you to speak in that way about them.A. must annoy B. may annoyC. must have annoyed D. could have annoyed（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 must 后面跟完成式表示说话者以肯定的语气推断过去发生的事情或在说话之前必定发生了某事。相当于 Im sure sbdid sth或 Im sure he has done it。3.I had just started back for the house to change my clothes, _ I heard voices.A.

30、 as B. when C. after D. while（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 略。4.The company _ a rise in salary for ages, but nothing has happened yet.A. is promised B. has been promisingC. is promising D. promised（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 根据时间状语 for ages判断，前一分句的谓语动词应为完成形式。根据 but后一分句的内容可知：“该公司一直允诺加薪(到现在仍然如此)”。因此，空档处动词形式应为完成进

31、行时形式。5.The boy students in this school are nearly _ as the girl students to say they intended to get a college degree in business.A. as likely twice B. likely as twiceC. as twice likely D. twice as likely（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 此题考倍数的表达。四个选项中都包含有 likely，as 和 twice，只是它们的排列顺序不同。结合题意及选项内容可知：该句中含有形容词 li

32、kely的同级比较，另外还须表示“两倍的可能”。as likely as可用来表示同级比较。如欲表示几倍的可能，可以在第一个 as前加上表示倍数的词。因此，正确答案为 D。该题题意：在这个学校里，男生几乎比女生有两倍的可能说他们想要获得商学学位。6.A survey was carried out on the death rate of new-born babies in that region, _ were surprising.A. as results B. which resultsC. the result of it D. the results of which（分数：2.

33、00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 which 指代 survey。7.We dont need air conditioning, _.A. nor can we afford it B. and nor we can afford itC. neither can afford it D. and we can neither afford it（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 四个选项中都包含表示“也不”的词：nor 或 neither。因此，本题意思应是：我们不需要空调，也买不起。如欲表示“也不”，一般将连词 neither或 nor置于句首，并且后面的部分须进行部分倒装

34、。四个选项中只有 A满足要求。8.If the whole operation _ beforehand, a great deal of time and money would have been lost.A. was not planned B. has not been plannedC. had not been planned D. were not planned（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 If the whole operation had not been planned beforehand 为虚拟条件过去时。9.There is a real pos

35、sibility that these animals could be frightened, _ a sudden loud noise.A. there being B. was thereC. should there be D. there having been（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 should there be a sudden loud noise 如果突然出现巨大的响声，这是省略 if的虚拟条件句将来时，把助动词或情态动词提前，相当于 if there should be a sudden loud noise。10.The millions of

36、calculations involved, had they been done by hand, _ all practical value by the time they were finished.A. could lose B. would have lostC. might lose D. ought to have lost（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 本题测试虚拟语气过去时，had they been done by hand(如果用手计算的话)为省略 if的虚拟条件句，所以主句应选 would have lost。11.The new type of ma

37、chine _ the year after next.A. is going to being turn out B. is going to have turned outC. is going to turn out D. is going to be turned out（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 因没必要指出动作的执行者是谁，所以用被动结构。只有及物动词才有被动语态。此句为一般将来时的被动形式。12.As early as 1647 Ohio made a decision that free, tax-supported schools must be esta

38、blished in every town _ 50 households or more.A. having B. to haveC. to have had D. having had（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 现在分词 having与逻辑主语 every town之间的关系为主动，所以用现在分词作定语。13.Plastics are the best insulator of electricity, rubber _ it closely.A. following B. followed C. to follow D. being followed（分数：2.00）

39、A. B.C.D.解析：解析 rubber following it closely 为分词独立主格结构，放在主句之后，提供进一步的细节情况。14.My train arrives in New York at eight oclock. The plane I would like to take from there _ by then.A. would leave B. will have leftC. has left D. had left（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 根据上下文，by then 中的 then指的是 eight oclock tonight，因此该

40、句应该用将来完成时。15.How close parents are to their children _ a strong influence on the character ot their childrenAhaving Bhave Chas Dto have（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 how 引导的从句作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数。16.We have done things we ought not to have done and _ undone things we ought to have done.A. leave B. leaving C. le

41、ft D. will leave（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 leave 后面可以跟带现在分词、过去分词、不定式、形容词、介词短语的复合结构以及其他情况，如：Dont leave her waitingIts better to leave some things unsaidIll leave you to settle the businessHis illness has left him weakIll leave it to you to buy the tickets/leave buying the tickets to you本题的 leave后面跟的是带过去

42、分词的复合结构。由于宾语太长(后面有定语)，将过去分词 undone提到宾语 things的前面了。17.Tom doesnt want to work right away because he thinks that if he _ a job he probably wouldnt be able to play football very often.A. has to get B. had gotC. were to get D. could have got（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 表示与将来事实相反的虚拟语气。主句用 would do，从句用 were to

43、 do。18.He often sat in a small bar drinking considerably more thanA. he was in good health B. his good health wasC. was good for his health D. his health was good（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 在本题中 drinking considerably more than was good for his health看做是 drinking considerably more than it was good for hi

44、s health的省略形式，此处的 it替代 drinking短语，所以 C为正确答案。19.Plastic heart valves and other human “spare parts“ have _ possible many recent developments in surgery.A. made it B. been made C. made D. become（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 make 后面可以跟带形容词的复合结构(make sthpossible)，如果宾语太长，也可把形容词提到宾语前面；如果宾语是不定式或从句，需将宾语后移，用形式宾语填补，

45、如：make it possible to do sth，make it possible that，make possible+(较长)宾语。20.Once environmental damage _, it takes many years for the system to recover.A. had done B. is to do C. does D. is done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 此题考查的是时间状语从句的时态和语态。时间状语从句表示将来用一般现在时，主语是动作的承受者。故选 D。21.Please give her the book if yo

46、u _ her.A. should see B. will seeC. saw D. were to（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在表示将来的虚拟条件句中，条件句中的谓语由“should+动词原形”构成，这时主句的谓语动词既可以是虚拟语气或陈述语气，也可以是祈使语气。22.The noise was caused by a wood-pecker _ a tree in the garden.A. peck B. pecked C. pecking D. to peck（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 a woodpecker pecking a tree 作介

47、词 by的宾语。介词后面可以跟“名词+现在分词短语”，如：the noise of a dog chasing a cat，the picture of Chairman Mao talking to a peasant，the news of China having launched her first earth satellite 等。23._ from space, our earth, with water covering 70% of its surface, appears as a “blue planet“.A. See B. Seeing C. Seen D. To b

48、e seen（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 这是(过去)分词短语作状语，表示时间或条件，意思相当于 when/if(it is)seen from space。24.The little man was _ one meter fifty high.A. almost than B. hardly more thanC. nearly more than D. as much as（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 more than 前面加上 no，scarcely，nothing，little，hardly 等表示“仅而已”。25._ for my illness I would have gone to see him.A. Not being B. Without beingC. Had it not been D. Not having been（分数：2.00）