【考研类试卷】英语-基础语法(五)及答案解析.doc

1、英语-基础语法(五)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.In the course of a day, students do far more than just _ classes.A. attend B. attended C. to attend D. attending（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.2.He resented _ to wait. He expected the minister _ him at once.A. to be asked, to see B. be

2、ing asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeing D. being asked, seeing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.3.If the building project _ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. being completed B. is completedC. to be completed D. completed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.4.This is one of the questions _ at

3、 the meeting next week.A. discussed B. discussingC. to be discussed D. being discussed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.5._, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equalC. To be equal to oth

4、er things D. Other things to be equal（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.6.They are going to have the serviceman _ an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A. install B. to installC. to be installed D. installed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.7.Since both he and I work in the same hospital, I can hardly avoid _ him.A. being met B. mee

5、ting C. to be met D. to meet（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.8.The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than _.A. is necessary B. being necessaryC. to be necessary D. it is necessary（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.9.What a lovely party! Its worth _ all my life.A. remembering B. to rememberC. to be remember

6、ed D. being remembered（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.10.Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when _ alone.A. seen B. is seenC. to be seen D. having been seen（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.11.Although a teenager, Fred could resist _ what to do and what not to do.A. being told B. telling C. to be told D.

7、to tell（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.12.A Dream of the Red Chamber is said _ into dozens of languages in the last decade.A. to have been translated B. to translateC. to be translated D. to have translated（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.13.The letter seemed _ by a child.A. to have written B. to writeC. to be writing D. to have

8、been written（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.14.As _ announced in todays papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays.A. being B. is C. to be D. been（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.15.We left the meeting, there obviously _ no point in staying.A. were B. being C. to be D. having（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.16.His extra

9、vagance reduced him _ for his living.A. to beg B. from beggingC. to begging D. into begging（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.17.The mother didnt know who _ for the broken glass.A. blamed B. be blamedC. to blame D. would blame（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.18.When I caught him _, I stopped buying things there and started dealing w

10、ith another shop.A. cheating B. cheatC. to cheat D. to be cheating（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.19.The second book was _ by August 1952, but two years later, the end was still nowhere in sight.A. completed B. to have completedC. to complete D. to have been completed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.20.There is more land in Austr

11、alia than the government knows _.A. what to do with B. how to doC. to do with it D. to do it（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.21.Can you have your report _ tomorrow?A. finish B. finished C. to finish D. finishing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.22.Silver is the best conductor of electricity, copper _ it closely.A. followed B. follo

12、wingC. to follow D. being followed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.23.I dont like _ bills, but when I do get them I like _ them promptly.A. to get, paying B. getting, to payC. to get, to pay D. getting, paying（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.24.Because of the unexpected changes, they postponed _ us an answer.A. giving B. have give

13、nC. to give D. to have given（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.25.Young people often feel an urge to try _ before the age set by law.A. a smoking B. smoke C. to smoke D. smoking（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.26.As a public relations officer, he is said _ some very influential people.A. to know B. to be knowingC. to have been knowi

14、ng D. to have known（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.27.Some people viewed the findings with caution, noting that a cause-and-effect relationship between passive smoking and cancer remains _.A. to be shown B. to have shownC. to have been shown D. being shown（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.28.If I had remembered _ the window, the t

15、hief would not have got in.A. to close B. closingC. to have closed D. having closed（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.29.If you want _ you have to get the fund somewhere.A. that the job is done B. the job doneC. to have done the job D. the job that is done（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.30.Mr. Johnson preferred _ heavier work to do

16、.A. to be given B. to be givingC. to have given D. having given（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.31.Id rather read than watch television; the programs seem _ all the time.A. to get worse B. to be getting worseC. to have got worse D. getting worse（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.32.As early as 1647, Ohio made a decision that free, t

17、ax-supported schools must be established in every town 50 households or more.A. having B. to have C. to have had D. having had（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.33.There was a knock at the door. It was the second time someone _ me that evening.A. had interrupted B. would have interruptedC. to have interrupted D. to i

18、nterrupt（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.34.Im sorry _ you waiting.A. to keep B. to be keepingC. to have kept D. to have been keeping（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.35.Theres a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _ trouble.A. making B. to makeC. to have made D. having made（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.36.I have

19、 heard both teachers and students _ well of him.A. to speak B. spokenC. to have spoken D. speak（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.37.I have no objection _ your story again.A. to hear B. to hearingC. to having heard D. to have heard（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.38.Mrs. Brown is supposed _ for Italy last week.A. to have left B. to

20、be leavingC. to leave D. to have been left（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.39.I object _ as he is still too young.A. my son to smoke B. my son smokingC. to my son to smoke D. to my sons smoking（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.40.He appeared _ with our teams performance.A. satisfying B. to be satisfyingC. to satisfy D. satisfied（分数

21、：2.00）A.B.C.D.41.You neednt worry _ regards the cost of the operation.A. with B. which C. as D. about（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.42.The teacher doesnt permit _ in class.A. smoke B. smokingC. to smoke D. to have a smoke（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.43.He didnt allow _ in his room, actually he did not allow his family _ at a

22、ll.A. to smoke.to smoke B. smoking.to smokeC. to smoke.smoking D. smoking.smoking（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.44.You should practise _ English as much as possible.A. speak B. speaking C. to speak D. being spoken（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.45.The Clarks havent decided yet which hotel _.A. to stay B. is to stay C. to stay a

23、t D. is for staying（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.46.After supper, he asked her if she felt like _ a walk.A. take B. taking C. to take D. have taken（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.47.Stop _, boys! Its time for class.A. talking B. talk C. to talk D. being talking（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.48.Mr. Brown had us _ reports all afternoon.A. wri

24、te B. writtenC. to write D. to be writing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.49.Does everyone on earth have an equal right _ an equal share of its resources?A. by B. at C. to D. over（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.50.Besides being expensive, the food tastes _.A. badly B. too much bad C. too badly D. bad（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.英语-基础语法(五)答案解

25、析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Vocabulary and Struc(总题数：50，分数：100.00)1.In the course of a day, students do far more than just _ classes.A. attend B. attended C. to attend D. attending（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 do more than do sth. 意为“不仅仅做某事，还要采取进一步的行动”，例如：Colleges and universities across the nation have deci

26、ded to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating. 对于学生作弊现象呈上升趋势，全国各地高校决定采取实际措施而不只是说说而已。Education does more than impart facts. 教育并不仅仅是传授事实。If you want to succeed as a teacher, youll do more than be warm-hearted. 要想成功地做一名教师，仅仅有一副热心肠是不够的。故正确答案是 A项。2.He resented _ to wait. He expected the min

27、ister _ him at once.A. to be asked, to see B. being asked, to seeC. to be asked, seeing D. being asked, seeing（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 resent 意为“憎恶，憎恨”，后跟非谓语动词时，要使用动名词，例如：Our cat resents having anyone sit in its chair. 我们那只猫不喜欢任何人坐它的椅子。expect sb. to do sth. 作“期待某人做某事”讲，例如：The officer expected his men

28、 to do their duty in the coming battle. 军官要求部下在即将到来的战斗中尽职尽责。3.If the building project _ by the end of this month is delayed, the construction company will be fined.A. being completed B. is completedC. to be completed D. completed（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 complete 的非谓语动词与 the building project是逻辑动宾关系，因此

29、这里要使用被动语态或过去分词。根据句子结构，我们可以看出 be completed是一个将来的动作，因此，这里要使用不定式。例如：The interests to be considered should be the interests of all; the fame to be sought should be an everlasting fame. 计利当计天下利，求名应求万世名。Merits and demerits to be recorded in history hinge on the decision made in one moment. 千秋功罪，系于一念之间。4.T

30、his is one of the questions _ at the meeting next week.A. discussed B. discussingC. to be discussed D. being discussed（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 过去分词 discussed表示动作的完成，与下文的 next week矛盾，故 A项错误。不定式可表示将来，而且此处 discuss和 questions具有逻辑上的动宾关系，应用被动语态，因此 C项最合题意。D项虽是被动语态，但现在分词的被动式表示这一被动动作正在进行，与 next week不符，故 D项错误。

31、5._, a man who expresses himself effectively is sure to succeed more rapidly than a man whose command of language is poor.A. Other things being equal B. Were other things equalC. To be equal to other things D. Other things to be equal（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 从句子结构可以看出，本句的前面部分是表示条件的状语，other things bei

32、ng equal 是一个分词独立结构，可以作条件状语，例如：Other things being equal, a shorter statement is preferred. 其他条件相同的情况下，优先选用较短的陈述。除在极个别的情况下，分词作状语时，应与句子的主语存在一定的逻辑关系(主谓或动宾关系)，否则该分词就应该有自己的逻辑主语或逻辑宾语来构成“名词或代词+分词”结构，即独立分词结构，独立分词结构一般可置于句首，也可置于句末；用来表示原因、时间、条件、方式或伴随情况等，例如：The experiment being over, the students began their dis

33、cussion. 做完实验，学生们开始讨论。Silver is the best conductor, copper following behind. 银是最好的导体，铜次之。Were other things equal 是虚拟语气条件从句，而后面的句子是陈述语气，To be equal to other things 是不定式，可以作目的状语，但不能作条件状语，Other things to be equal这样的结构不存在，因此，正确答案是 A项。6.They are going to have the serviceman _ an electric fan in the offic

34、e tomorrow.A. install B. to installC. to be installed D. installed（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 在作 feel，listen to，hear，have，make，let，watch，see，notice，observe，look at等感官动词以及使役动词的宾语的补足语时，不定式的符号 to必须省略；在作 help的宾语补足语时，不定式的符号 to可以省略，也可不省略，例如：The children were surprised when the teacher had them close their boo

35、ks unexpectedly. 老师突然让他们把书都合上，孩子们感到很惊讶。We can make the liquid nitrogen turn back into gas. 我们能使液体氮重新变成气体。7.Since both he and I work in the same hospital, I can hardly avoid _ him.A. being met B. meeting C. to be met D. to meet（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 avoid 作“避免”讲，后面不能跟动词不定式，只能跟名词或动名词作宾语，故 C项和 D项错误。又由

36、于句子主语 I和动词 meet在逻辑上是主谓关系，故应使用主动形式的动名词，因此 B项是正确的。8.The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than _.A. is necessary B. being necessaryC. to be necessary D. it is necessary（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 than 一般用作连词，引导比较状语从句，但有时该词在作用上更像一个关系代词，引导的从句更像一个定语从句，例如：She gave me the impression

37、of having more teeth than were necessary for any practical purpose. 她给我的印象是，她的牙很多，远远超出了实际需要。9.What a lovely party! Its worth _ all my life.A. remembering B. to rememberC. to be remembered D. being remembered（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 worth 后面可以接动名词，需要注意的是：该动名词须用主动形式来表示被动含义，例如：An aim in life is the only

38、 fortune worth finding. 人生的目标，是唯一值得寻找的财富。True wisdom is to know what is best worth knowing, and to do what is best worth doing. 真正的智慧是知道什么是最值得知道的事情和什么是最值得做的事情。10.Contrast may make something appear more beautiful than it is when _ alone.A. seen B. is seenC. to be seen D. having been seen（分数：2.00）A. B

39、.C.D.解析：解析 当从句主语和主句主语相同，而且从句谓语动词是 be的形式时，可以将从句主语和 be的形式省略。例如：Every one is blind when maddened by love. 一旦被爱情冲昏头脑，人便盲目无主。The tree of liberty grows only when watered by the blood of tyrants. 自由之树只有用暴君的血来浇灌才能生长。11.Although a teenager, Fred could resist _ what to do and what not to do.A. being told B. t

40、elling C. to be told D. to tell（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 resist 后可跟动名词，而不跟不定式作宾语。由于非谓语动词 tell和句子主语的逻辑动宾关系，因此 A项正确。例如：One cannot help being old, but one can resist being aged. 人无法不老，但是可以抵制衰老。I cannot resist going up with this every night, and trying his door. 我禁不住每天晚上带着这个东西上楼，去敲他的门。12.A Dream of the Re

41、d Chamber is said _ into dozens of languages in the last decade.A. to have been translated B. to translateC. to be translated D. to have translated（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 本题旨在考查不定式的不同形式。不定式的完成式表示不定式的动作在谓语动词的动作之前发生，例如：He is said to have written a new book about workers. 据说他又写了一本关于工人的书。当不定式的逻辑主语为该不定式所

42、表示的动作的承受者时，不定式要用被动形式，例如：It is an honor for me to be asked to make a speech here. 我很荣幸应邀在这里演讲。根据句意我们知道，本句中的不定式的动作在谓语动词之前发生，又因为句子的主语与该不定式具有逻辑上的动宾关系，所以应用不定式的完成被动形式，故 A项正确。C 项的时态不符合题意，D 项忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系，而 B项既不符合时态，又忽略了主语和不定式之间的逻辑关系。由此可见，B 项、C 项和 D项都不是正确答案。13.The letter seemed _ by a child.A. to have wr

43、itten B. to writeC. to be writing D. to have been written（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 根据句子结构，此处应用不定式的被动式，由于该不定式与句子的主语有逻辑上的动宾关系，因此应使用被动形式，故 D项为唯一正确答案。14.As _ announced in todays papers, the Shanghai Export Commodities Fair is also open on Sundays.A. being B. is C. to be D. been（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 as 可

44、用作关系代词，引导定语从句，起承接前面主句内容或引出后续主句内容的作用，as在从句中作主语或宾语，指代整个主句，例如：As is announced in the papers, our country has launched successfully another communications satellite. 报上宣布，我国又成功发射了一颗通信卫星。As is known to all, contributions to computer technology are no longer confined to any one country. 众所周知，对计算机技术作出贡献的，已

45、经不再局限于某一个国家了。有时，助动词 be可以省略，例如：As discussed in the previous chapter, communicative teaching of English is of great value. 正如前一章所讨论的，英语交际教学法很有价值。由此分析可以看出，只有 B项最符合题意。15.We left the meeting, there obviously _ no point in staying.A. were B. being C. to be D. having（分数：2.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 “there+being+名词”

46、是一个独立分词结构，可以作状语，需要注意的是，此时 being不可省略。例如：There being no work, they decided to go to the movies. 由于无事可做，他们决定去看电影。There being no bus, they had to set out on foot. 由于没有公共汽车，他们只好步行前往。16.His extravagance reduced him _ for his living.A. to beg B. from beggingC. to begging D. into begging（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析

47、：解析 reduce sb. to 是固定搭配，其中 to为介词，后跟动名词，意为“使某人陷入困境”，例如：Misfortunes reduced the poor peasant to selling his daughter to the landlord. 接连不断的不幸迫使那个可怜的农民把女儿卖给地主。17.The mother didnt know who _ for the broken glass.A. blamed B. be blamedC. to blame D. would blame（分数：2.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 “疑问词+不定式”在句中作宾语。例如：I

48、t does not take much strength to do things, but it requires great strength to decide on what to do. 做事并不太费劲，可是决定做什么却要费很大的劲。The art of being wise is the art of knowing what to overlook. 智慧的艺术就是懂得该宽容什么的艺术。18.When I caught him _, I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.A. cheating B. cheatC. to cheat D. to be cheating（分数：2.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 catch 作“当场破获，发觉，撞见(某人)做某事(尤指坏事)”讲时，后面常接“名词(代词)+现在分词”，例如：I caught the boys stealing apples from my garde