【考研类试卷】英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编25及答案解析.doc

1、英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编 25 及答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.英译汉（分数：2.00）_2.Bhagwati says “Unions in poor countries face a lose-lose situation“. Higher standards are apt to raise the poorer nations“ costs of production, crippling those nations“ competitiveness. If the standards are not implem

2、ented, those nations“ exports are punished with sanctions. So for the unions in rich countries, the moralization of trade is win-win. Time was, protectionists were mostly on the right, protecting corporations in the name of nationalism. Now most are on the left, where the vocabulary of victimization

3、 prevails. The left“s agendaexpanding government at the expense of markets in the allocation of wealth and opportunity makes economic autarky a temptation. The same mind-set also opposes challenges to government monopolies such as public education and Social Security.（分数：2.00）_3.Man adapted physical

4、ly as well as culturally to the new surroundings into which he moved. Those who stayed in or moved to equatorial climates developed dark skin to protect them from the rays of the sun. Those who moved to colder climates developed light skin to take advantage of the sunlight for the synthesis of vitam

5、in D. People in cold dry climates became stocky, to conserve heat. People in hot dry climates tended to become tall and thin, to dissipate heat.（分数：2.00）_4.“ War is a mere continuation of politics by other means,“ Prussian theorist Karl Von Clausewitz wrote. Today, bankingbroadly defined as lending

6、and borrowing money through institutions and bond marketsis a continuation of politics, or war, by other means. In the 20th century, Germany wielded power over European neighbors through brute military force. In the 21st century, Germany, abetted by France, uses its influence with the European Centr

7、al Bank and the European Union to dictate terms to Greece and other weak nations. And the effort to halt Iran“s march to nuclear prominence relies as much on the international banking system“s willingness and ability to enforce financial sanctions as it does on the threat of bombs.（分数：2.00）_5.Its fo

8、reign policy is becoming not so much Islamic as Ottoman, reestablishing a sphere of influence it had for 400 years. Abdullah Guel, Turkey“s sophisticated president, explains that while Turkey remains resolutely a part of the West, it is increasingly influential in the Middle East, Central Asia, and

9、beyond. “ Turkey is becoming a source of inspiration for other countries in the region,“ he said to me while in New York last week.（分数：2.00）_6.It is impossible to emphasize too strongly the necessity for forming correct habits in flying straight and level. All other flight maneuvers are in essence a

10、 deviation from this fundamental flight maneuver. Many flight instructors and students are prone to believe that perfection in straight-and-level flight will come of itself, but such is not the case. It is not uncommon to find a pilot whose basic flying ability consistently falls just short of minim

11、um expected standards, and upon analyzing the reasons for the shortcomings to discover that the cause is the inability to fly straight and level properly. Straight-and-level flight is flight in which a constant heading and altitude are maintained. It is accomplished by making immediate and measured

12、corrections for deviations in direction and altitude from unintentional slight turns, descents, and climbs.（分数：2.00）_英语翻译基础历年真题试卷汇编 25 答案解析(总分：12.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、英汉互译(总题数：6，分数：12.00)1.英译汉（分数：2.00）_解析：2.Bhagwati says “Unions in poor countries face a lose-lose situation“. Higher standards are apt to r

13、aise the poorer nations“ costs of production, crippling those nations“ competitiveness. If the standards are not implemented, those nations“ exports are punished with sanctions. So for the unions in rich countries, the moralization of trade is win-win. Time was, protectionists were mostly on the rig

14、ht, protecting corporations in the name of nationalism. Now most are on the left, where the vocabulary of victimization prevails. The left“s agendaexpanding government at the expense of markets in the allocation of wealth and opportunity makes economic autarky a temptation. The same mind-set also op

15、poses challenges to government monopolies such as public education and Social Security.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 巴格瓦蒂说过，“贫穷国家的工会面临双输的局面”。设定过高的标准容易导致较贫穷国家生产成本的提高，从而使这些国家竞争力减弱。而如果不执行这种标准，这些国家的出口在经济制裁中会受到处罚。因此，富裕国家的工会在贸易道德规范中处于双赢地位。 曾经，保护主义者大多数为右倾，以民族主义的名义保护集团公司。而现在，大多数为左倾，受害者的言论盛行。左倾者的议题是，政府代替市场更多地分配财富和机会

16、，他们给出的诱惑是经济自给自足。他们还反对去挑战政府垄断，比如在公共教育和社保方面。)解析：3.Man adapted physically as well as culturally to the new surroundings into which he moved. Those who stayed in or moved to equatorial climates developed dark skin to protect them from the rays of the sun. Those who moved to colder climates developed lig

17、ht skin to take advantage of the sunlight for the synthesis of vitamin D. People in cold dry climates became stocky, to conserve heat. People in hot dry climates tended to become tall and thin, to dissipate heat.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 人们在身体和文化方面需要去适应新迁入的环境。那些生活在或迁入到赤道气候地区的人，皮肤会变黑以抵挡太阳光线。那些迁入到气候更冷的地区的

18、人，皮肤颜色会变淡，从而利用阳光合成维生素 D。生活在寒冷于燥地区的人变得矮壮，以存储热量。而炎热地区的人则更高更瘦，以利于散热。)解析：4.“ War is a mere continuation of politics by other means,“ Prussian theorist Karl Von Clausewitz wrote. Today, bankingbroadly defined as lending and borrowing money through institutions and bond marketsis a continuation of politic

19、s, or war, by other means. In the 20th century, Germany wielded power over European neighbors through brute military force. In the 21st century, Germany, abetted by France, uses its influence with the European Central Bank and the European Union to dictate terms to Greece and other weak nations. And

20、 the effort to halt Iran“s march to nuclear prominence relies as much on the international banking system“s willingness and ability to enforce financial sanctions as it does on the threat of bombs.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： “战争不过是政治的另一种延续形式。”普鲁士理论家卡尔冯克劳塞维茨(Karl VonClausewitz)曾写道。如今，银行业(人们普遍定义为通过社会机构和债券市场

21、实现资金的借人与借出)也是政治抑或战争的另一种延续形式。20 世纪，德国以残暴的武力对其欧洲邻国横施淫威。21 世纪，在法国的教唆下，德国又利用其在欧洲中央银行和欧盟的影响力向希腊及其他弱国发号施令。遏制伊朗核计划进程的努力既取决于爆炸的威胁程度，同时很大程度上也取决于国际银行体系实施金融制裁的意愿及能力。)解析：5.Its foreign policy is becoming not so much Islamic as Ottoman, reestablishing a sphere of influence it had for 400 years. Abdullah Guel, Tur

22、key“s sophisticated president, explains that while Turkey remains resolutely a part of the West, it is increasingly influential in the Middle East, Central Asia, and beyond. “ Turkey is becoming a source of inspiration for other countries in the region,“ he said to me while in New York last week.（分数

23、：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 土耳其正在重建其曾持续四百年的势力范围，它的外交政策的伊斯兰倾向正在减弱，变得不太像奥斯曼帝国下的政策。干练的土耳其总统阿卜杜拉居尔(Abdullah Guel)解释道，虽然土耳其将坚定地作为西方世界的一部分，但是其在中东、中亚甚至更广的范围内，影响力都在逐渐攀升。上周，我们在纽约见面时他还说，“土耳其正成为该区域内其他国家灵感的源泉。”)解析：6.It is impossible to emphasize too strongly the necessity for forming correct habits in flying straight an

24、d level. All other flight maneuvers are in essence a deviation from this fundamental flight maneuver. Many flight instructors and students are prone to believe that perfection in straight-and-level flight will come of itself, but such is not the case. It is not uncommon to find a pilot whose basic f

25、lying ability consistently falls just short of minimum expected standards, and upon analyzing the reasons for the shortcomings to discover that the cause is the inability to fly straight and level properly. Straight-and-level flight is flight in which a constant heading and altitude are maintained.

26、It is accomplished by making immediate and measured corrections for deviations in direction and altitude from unintentional slight turns, descents, and climbs.（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： 在平直飞行中养成正确的习惯，其必要性怎么强调都不为过。实质上，其他所有的飞行动作都偏离了这一基本的飞行动作。很多飞行教官和学生倾向于相信完美的平直飞行会自行到来，但事实并非如此。我们常见到这样的例子：一个飞行员的基本飞行能力一直达不到最低的预期标准，当分析其缺点的原因时发现，这是因为他的正确进行平直飞行的能力不够。平直飞行要求保持以恒定的航向和高度飞行。要完成平直飞行，需要对非预期的微小转向、下降或爬升所造成的航向和高度上的偏差进行即时而准确的修正。)解析：