【考研类试卷】西医综合-外科学-1及答案解析.doc

1、西医综合-外科学-1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：10.00)With the spread of inter-active electronic media a man alone in his own home will never have been so well placed to fill the inexplicable mental space between cradle and crematorium. So I suspect that books will be pushed more

2、 and more into those moments of travel or difficult defecation (1) people still dont quite know what to do with.When people do read, I think theyll want to feel they are reading literature, or (2) something serious. (3) youre going to find fewer books presenting themselves as no-nonsense and (4) ass

3、uming literary pretensions and being packaged as works of art. We can expect an extraordinary variety of genre, but with an underlying (5) of sentiment and vision.Translators can only (6) from this desire for the presumably sophisticated. We can look forward to lots of difficult names and fantastic

4、stories of foreign parts enthusiastically (7) by the overall worship of the “global village“. Much of this will be awful and some wonderful, (8) dont expect the press or the organizers of prizes to offer you much help in making the appropriate distinctions. They will be chiefly (9) in creating celeb

5、rity, the greatest enemy of discrimination, but a good prop for the (10) consumer.Every ethnic grouping over the world will have to be seen to have a great writera phenomenon that will (11) a new kind of provincialism, more chronological than geographic, (12) only the strictly contemporary is talked

6、 about and (13) Universities, including Cambridge, will include (14) their literature syllabus novels written only last year. (15) occasional exhumation for the Nobel, the achievements of ten or only five years ago will be largely forgotten.In short, you cant go too far wrong when predicting more of

7、 the same. But there is a (16) side to thisthe inevitable reaction against it. The practical things I would like to see happenpublishers seeking less to (17) celebrity through extravagant advertising, (18) and magazines (19) space to reflective piecesare rather more improbable than the Second Coming

8、(耶稣复临). But dullness never quite darkens the whole planet. In their own idiosyncratic fashion a few writers will (20) be looking for new departures.（分数：10.00）(1).A when B that C which D where（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(2).A in particular B in general C at least D by contrast（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(3).A So B Yet C O

9、nce D Since（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(4).A fewer B more C less D much（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(5).A variety B mechanism C monotone D conformity（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(6).A benefit B derive C differ D deviate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(7).A contaminated B contained C sustained D maintained（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(8).A but B so C for D as（分

10、数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(9).A dedicated B concerned C engaged D preoccupied（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(10).A devoted B confused C sensible D isolated（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(11).A lead to B point to C come to D turn to（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(12).A which B where C when D what（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(13).A admired B admitted C abdicated D

11、adhered（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(14).A at B in C on D for（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(15).A Given B Considering C Barring D Concerning（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(16).A negative B positive C paradoxical D controversial（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(17).A prevent B explore C prohibit D generate（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(18).A Newspapers B Books C Medi

12、a D Periodicals（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(19).A gives B giving C to give D give（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.(20).A always B never C seldom D hardly（分数：0.50）A.B.C.D.二、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Text 1(总题数：1，分数：10.00)When Melissa Mahan and her husband visited the Netherlands, they felt impri

13、soned by their tour bus. It forced them to see the city according to a particular route and specific schedule-but going off on their own meant missing out on the information provided by the guide. On their return home to San Diego, California, they started a new company called Tour Coupes. Now, when

14、 tourists in San Diego rent one of their small, brightly coloured three-wheeled vehicles, they are treated to a narration over the stereo system about the places they pass, triggered by Global Positioning System (GPS) satellite technology.This is just one example of how GPS is being used to provide

15、new services to tourists. “What we really have here is a technology that allows people to forget about the technology,“ says Jim Carrier of IntelliTours, a GPS tourism firm which began offering a similar service over a year ago in Montgomery, Alabama. The city is packed with sites associated with tw

16、o important chapters in American history, the civil war of the 1860s and the civil-rights movement a century later. Montgomery has a 120-year-old trolley system, called the Lightning Route, which circulates around the downtown area and is mainly used by tourists. On the Lightning Route trolleys, GPS

17、-triggered audio clips point out historical hotspots.Other firms, such as CityShow in New York and GPS Tours Canada in Banff, Canada, offer hand-held GPS receivers that play audio clips for listening to while walking or driving. In South Africa, Europcar, a car-rental firm, offers a device called th

18、e Xplorer. As well as providing commentary on 2 000 points of interest, it can also warn drivers if they exceed the local speed limit.If such services prove popular, the use of dedicated audio-guide devices could give way to a different approach. A growing number of mobile phones have built-in GPS o

19、r can determine their locations using other technologies. Information for tourists delivered via phones could be updated in real time and could contain advertisements. “Location-based services“, such as the ability to call up a list of nearby banks or pizzerias, have been talked about for years but

20、have never taken off. But aiming such services at tourists makes sense-since people are more likely to want information when in an unfamiliar place. It could give mobile roaming a whole new meaning.（分数：10.00）(1).In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by _.A posing an illustration.

21、 B justifying an assumption.C making a comparison. D explaining a phenomenon.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).Melissa Mahans story is mentioned in the text to _.A show tourism of Netherlands is no better than that of US.B introduce the topic of Location-based services by GPS.C show that they are dissatisfied wi

22、th traveling.D explain the reason why they start a new company.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).The word “chapter“ ( Line 4, Paragraph 2) denotes _.A event. B a local branch of an organization.C division of a book. D period of time.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is true of the text?A Location-based

23、 services are popular in many fields.B Europcar offers hand-held GPS receiversC CityShow offers a service similar to IntelliTours.D Xplorer can warn drivers when they offend.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).When a traveler is in an unfamiliar place, _.A mobile roaming will meet his needs.B he wants to know some

24、thing about it.C Location-based services play a key role in his traveling.D he must understand the roles of Location-based services.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.五、Text 2(总题数：1，分数：10.00)One of the enduring myths of American folklore is that Jesse James was a home-grown Robin Hood who “stole from the rich and gav

25、e to the poor“ That legend enjoyed a revived popularity in the 1960s. Supported by movies, pulp fiction, and even serious scholarship, this image has dominated our understanding of the post-Civil War James gang and other western outlaws. Historians have described James as a “primitive rebel“ who cha

26、mpioned “a special type of peasant protest and rebellion“ against modernizing forces by robbing banks and railroads.But James himself would have considered this notion a great joke. In fact, Jamess robbers went after the express company safes just because thats where the money was. As for the Robin

27、Hood theme, there is no evidence the James gang did anything with the cash they stole except to spend it on fine horseflesh and gambling.The key to understanding the motives of the James gangbesides greedis the Civil War, especially the vicious guerrilla combat within the larger war that plagued Mis

28、souri. Support for the Confederacy was strong in the Little Dixie counties that flanked the Missouri River just east of the Kansas border. In these counties lived most of the men and boys who went into the bush as Confederate guerrillas, including Frank and Jesse James. They learned their trade unde

29、r the tutelage of such psychopathic killers as “ Bloody Bill“ Anderson and William Clarke Quantrill, who murdered scores of Missouri Unionists and fought it out with Union soldiers during four years of internecine warfare.These guerrillas were anything but the poor farmers of folklore. Many of them

30、(like James) came from families that were three times more likely to own slaves and possessed twice as much wealth as the average Missouri family. James fought during the war against emancipation and after the war against the Republican Party that freed and enfranchised the slaves. Many of the banks

31、 and express companies struck by the James gang were owned by individuals or groups associated with the Republican Party. Like the Ku Klux Klan in former Confederate states, the James gang did its best to undermine the new order ushered in by Northern victory in the Civil War.When Democrats regained

32、 control of Missouri in the 1870s, the James gang looked for greener pastures outside the state. In August 1876, they rode all the way to Northfield, Minn. , with the aim of robbing a bank there in which a Union general was reported to have deposited large funds. When the bank cashieralso a Union ve

33、teranrefused to open the vault, James shot him in cold blood. The citizens of Northfield fought back, killing two of the bandits before they could flee the town. Jesse and Frank James got away, but this affair was the beginning of the end for Jesses career as the self-described “Napoleon of crime. /

34、（分数：10.00）(1).From the first paragraph, we can know that_.A people all like the heroes who “stole from the rich and gave to the poor“B before 1960 people hardly know the legend about JamesC many peasant rebelled against modernizationD some literary and artistic works mislead to us about James（分数：2.0

35、0）A.B.C.D.(2).James robbed express companies because_.A there were many cash in the express companiesB he liked horseflesh and gamblingC he was greedy by natureD he was hostile to the Republican Party（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).As for the guerrilla, which is the right?A The civil war occurred in the large-

36、scale guerrillaB the guerrilla were against the unification of the North and the SouthC The guerrillas were made up of by the poor farmersD The guerrillas were always robbing（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).From the passage we can infer that James_?A was a slave ownerB only robbed the money of the Republican Pa

37、rtyC destroy the stability of the postwarD no longer robbed in the Missouri after being controlled in the Democrats（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(5).Which is the best title of this passage?A Recognize real James B Crime with both fame and wealthC From combat to crime D The tragedy of the Civil War（分数：2.00）A.B.C.

38、D.六、Text 3(总题数：1，分数：10.00)In one very long sentence, the introduction to the U. N. Charter expresses the ideals and the common aims of all the people whose governments joined together to form the U. N.“We, the people of the U. N. , determined to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war wh

39、ich twice in our lifetime has brought untold suffering to mankind, and to reaffirm faith in fundamental rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person, in the equal rights of men and women and of nations, large and small, and to establish conditions under which justice and respect for the obli

40、gations arising from treaties and other sources of international law can be maintained, and to promote social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom, and for these ends, to practise tolerance and live together in peace with one another as good neighbours, and to unite our strength t

41、o maintain international peace and security, and to ensure, by the acceptance of principles and the institution of methods, that armed force shall not be used, save in the common interest, and to employ international machinery for the promotion of economic and social advancement of all peoples, have

42、 resolved to combine our efforts to accomplish these aims.“The name “United Nations“ is accredited to U. S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and the first group of representatives of member States met and signed a declaration of common intent on New Years Day in 1942. Representatives of five powers

43、worked together to draw up proposals, completed at Dumbarton Oaks in 1944. These proposals, modified after deliberation at the conference on International Organization in San Francisco which began in April 1945, were finally agreed on and signed as the U.N. Charter by 50 countries on 26 June 1945. P

44、oland, not represented at the conference, signed the Charter later and was added to the list of original members. It was not until that autumn, however, after the Charter had been ratified by China, France, the U. S. S. R. U. , the U.K. and the U. S. and by a majority of the other participants that

45、the U. N. officially came into existence. The date was 24 October, now universally celebrated as United Nations Day.The essential functions of the U. N. are to maintain international peace and security, to develop friendly relations among nations, to cooperate internationally in solving internationa

46、l economic, social, cultural and human problems, promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms and to be a centre for co-ordinating the actions of nations on attaining these common ends.No country takes precedence over another in the U. N. Each members rights and obligations are the sa

47、me. All must contribute to the peaceful settlement of international dispute, and members have pledged to refrain from the threat or use of force against other states.（分数：10.00）(1).Under its Charter, the first stated aim of the U.N. wasA to promote social progress B to prevent a third world warC to r

48、evise international laws D to maintain international peace（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(2).What did President Roosevelt have to do with the United Nations?A He established “The United Nations“.B He was given the name “The United Nations“.C He was a credit to “The United Nations“.D He probably devised the name “The, United Nations“.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(3).When did the U. N. come into existence?A 26 June, 1945. B 24 October. 1945.C New Years Day in 1945. D April. 1945.（分数：2.00）A.B.C.D.(4).Which of the following is true as to the essential functions of the U. N. ?A Its only concerned