【医学类职业资格】苏州大学2007-2008学年度第一学期生理学期末考试试题B及答案解析.doc

1、苏州大学 2007-2008 学年度第一学期生理学期末考试试题 B 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART Explanation(总题数：10，分数：30.00)1. Negative feedback: （分数：3.00）_2. Action potential: （分数：3.00）_3.Facilitated diffusion: （分数：3.00）_4.Blood group: （分数：3.00）_5.Cardiac index:（分数：3.00）_6.Central venous pressure:（分数：3.00）_7.Compensatory paus

2、e:（分数：3.00）_8.Alveolar ventilation: （分数：3.00）_9. Oxygen content: （分数：3.00）_10. Absorption: （分数：3.00）_二、PART Single Choice(总题数：15，分数：15.00)11.下列关于刺激和反应的说法，哪项是错误的? （分数：1.00）A.有刺激必然产生反应B.产生反应时，必然接受了刺激C.阈刺激时，必然产生反应D.有刺激时，不一定产生反应E.有时反应随刺激强度加大而增强12. 在一般生理情况下，每分解一分子 ATP，钠泵运转可使 （分数：1.00）A.2 个 Na+移出膜外B.2 个 K

3、+移出膜外C.2 个 Na+移出膜外 ，同时有 2 个 K+移出膜内D.3 个 Na+移出膜外 ，同时有 2 个 K+移出膜内E.3 个 Na+移出膜外 ，同时有 3 个 K+移出膜内13. 下列哪项是具有局部兴奋特征的电信号? （分数：1.00）A.终板电位B.神经纤维动作电位C.神经干动作电位D.锋电位E.后电位14. 骨骼肌收缩时，随之不缩短的有 （分数：1.00）A.肌小节B.暗带C.明带D.H 带E.肌纤维15. 50Kg 体重的正常人的体液量和血液量分别为 （分数：1.00）A.40.0L 和 4.0LB.30.0L 和 3.5L 4.0LC.20.0L 和 4.0LD.30.0L

4、 和 2.5LE.20.0L 和 2.5L16. 某人红细胞与 B 型血的血清凝集，而其血清与 B 型血的红细胞不凝集，其血型为 （分数：1.00）A.A 型B.B 型C.AB 型D.O 型E.Rh 型17. 心室容积达最大值在 （分数：1.00）A.心房收缩期末B.等容收缩期末C.射血期D.等容舒张期末E.心室充盈期末18.心室肌动作电位 1 期复极是由于下列哪种离子流动的结果? （分数：1.00）A.K+ 外流B.K+ 内流C.Na+ 内流D.Ca2+ 内流E.Cl- 内流19. 房室延搁的生理意义 （分数：1.00）A.使 P 波增宽B.使 QRS 波增宽C.使心室肌有效不应期延长D.使

5、心室肌不会产生强直收缩E.使心房、心室不会产生收缩重叠20. 血流阻力主要来自 （分数：1.00）A.毛细血管B.微静脉C.微动脉D.动脉E.大动脉21.当心交感神经兴奋时，可使 （分数：1.00）A.心率减慢B.心房肌收缩力降低C.心动周期延长D.房室传导速度加快E.左心室收缩压下降22. 肺通气的原动力来自 （分数：1.00）A.呼吸肌的舒缩B.肺舒缩运动C.肺内压与大气压之差D.胸廓的舒缩E.肺内压与胸内压之差23. 氧解离曲线通常表示 （分数：1.00）A.Hb 氧容量与 PO2 关系的曲线B.Hb 氧含量与 PO2 关系的曲线C.Hb 氧饱和度与 PO2 关系的曲线D.O2 在血液中

6、溶解的量与 PO2 关系的曲线E.血中 CO2 含量与 PO2 关系的曲线24. 人体最重要的消化液是 （分数：1.00）A.唾液B.胃液C.胆汁D.胰液E.小肠液25. 激活胃蛋白酶原的物质是 （分数：1.00）A.肠激酶B.盐酸C.组织液D.胃泌素E.胰泌素三、PART Answer Ques(总题数：5，分数：55.00)26. Describe the ways and characteristics of substance transport through the cell membrane. (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_27. What is the conce

7、pt and basic steps of blood coagulation ? (15 Points) （分数：15.00）_28. What is cardiac output and please describe some factors affecting the cardiac output. (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_29. What is oxygen dissociation curve and please describe some factors influencing this curver. (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_30.Wh

8、at are typical and common patterns of motility in different parts of gastrointestinal tracts and each function? (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_苏州大学 2007-2008 学年度第一学期生理学期末考试试题 B 答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、PART Explanation(总题数：10，分数：30.00)1. Negative feedback: （分数：3.00）_正确答案：(负反馈 negative feedback A regulated

9、 variable is sensed, information is sent to a controller, and action is taken to oppose change from the desire value.)解析：2. Action potential: （分数：3.00）_正确答案：( 动作电位 action potential An action potential is a rapid change in the membrane potential. Each action potential begins with a sudden change from

10、 the normal resting negative potential to a positive membrane potential (depolarization) and then ends with an almost equally rapid change back to the negative potential (repolarization).)解析：3.Facilitated diffusion: （分数：3.00）_正确答案：(易化扩散 facilitated diffusion In facilitated diffusion, transport prote

11、ins (carrier and channel proteins) hasten the movement of certain substances across a membrane down their concentration gradients.)解析：4.Blood group: （分数：3.00）_正确答案：( 血型 blood group Blood groups are system of genetically determined antigenic substances on the membrane of red blood cells. )解析：5.Cardia

12、c index:（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(心指数 cardiac index Cardiac index is the cardiac output per square meter of body surface area.)解析：6.Central venous pressure:（分数：3.00）_正确答案：(中心静脉压 central venous pressure The venous pressure as measured at the right atrium. )解析：7.Compensatory pause:（分数：3.00）_正确答案：( 代偿间歇 compensa

13、tory pause The pause between the extra beat and the next normal beat is slightly longer than the usual beat interval, which is called compensatory pause. )解析：8.Alveolar ventilation: （分数：3.00）_正确答案：(肺泡通气量 alveolar ventilation The amount of air reaching the alveoli per minute, at rest it generally amo

14、unts to 4.2L/min.)解析：9. Oxygen content: （分数：3.00）_正确答案：(氧含量 oxygen content The oxygen content is used to indicate how much O2 per liter of blood is attached to the hemoglobin in normal arterial blood, described as percent saturated. )解析：10. Absorption: （分数：3.00）_正确答案：( 吸收 absorption Absorption is th

15、e process of transporting small molecules from the lumen of the gut into blood stream.)解析：二、PART Single Choice(总题数：15，分数：15.00)11.下列关于刺激和反应的说法，哪项是错误的? （分数：1.00）A.有刺激必然产生反应 B.产生反应时，必然接受了刺激C.阈刺激时，必然产生反应D.有刺激时，不一定产生反应E.有时反应随刺激强度加大而增强解析：12. 在一般生理情况下，每分解一分子 ATP，钠泵运转可使 （分数：1.00）A.2 个 Na+移出膜外B.2 个 K+移出膜外C.

16、2 个 Na+移出膜外 ，同时有 2 个 K+移出膜内D.3 个 Na+移出膜外 ，同时有 2 个 K+移出膜内 E.3 个 Na+移出膜外 ，同时有 3 个 K+移出膜内解析：13. 下列哪项是具有局部兴奋特征的电信号? （分数：1.00）A.终板电位 B.神经纤维动作电位C.神经干动作电位D.锋电位E.后电位解析：14. 骨骼肌收缩时，随之不缩短的有 （分数：1.00）A.肌小节B.暗带 C.明带D.H 带E.肌纤维解析：15. 50Kg 体重的正常人的体液量和血液量分别为 （分数：1.00）A.40.0L 和 4.0LB.30.0L 和 3.5L 4.0L C.20.0L 和 4.0LD

17、.30.0L 和 2.5LE.20.0L 和 2.5L解析：16. 某人红细胞与 B 型血的血清凝集，而其血清与 B 型血的红细胞不凝集，其血型为 （分数：1.00）A.A 型B.B 型C.AB 型 D.O 型E.Rh 型解析：17. 心室容积达最大值在 （分数：1.00）A.心房收缩期末 B.等容收缩期末C.射血期D.等容舒张期末E.心室充盈期末解析：18.心室肌动作电位 1 期复极是由于下列哪种离子流动的结果? （分数：1.00）A.K+ 外流 B.K+ 内流C.Na+ 内流D.Ca2+ 内流E.Cl- 内流解析：19. 房室延搁的生理意义 （分数：1.00）A.使 P 波增宽B.使 QR

18、S 波增宽C.使心室肌有效不应期延长D.使心室肌不会产生强直收缩E.使心房、心室不会产生收缩重叠 解析：20. 血流阻力主要来自 （分数：1.00）A.毛细血管B.微静脉C.微动脉 D.动脉E.大动脉解析：21.当心交感神经兴奋时，可使 （分数：1.00）A.心率减慢B.心房肌收缩力降低C.心动周期延长D.房室传导速度加快 E.左心室收缩压下降解析：22. 肺通气的原动力来自 （分数：1.00）A.呼吸肌的舒缩 B.肺舒缩运动C.肺内压与大气压之差D.胸廓的舒缩E.肺内压与胸内压之差解析：23. 氧解离曲线通常表示 （分数：1.00）A.Hb 氧容量与 PO2 关系的曲线B.Hb 氧含量与 P

19、O2 关系的曲线C.Hb 氧饱和度与 PO2 关系的曲线 D.O2 在血液中溶解的量与 PO2 关系的曲线E.血中 CO2 含量与 PO2 关系的曲线解析：24. 人体最重要的消化液是 （分数：1.00）A.唾液B.胃液C.胆汁D.胰液 E.小肠液解析：25. 激活胃蛋白酶原的物质是 （分数：1.00）A.肠激酶B.盐酸 C.组织液D.胃泌素E.胰泌素解析：三、PART Answer Ques(总题数：5，分数：55.00)26. Describe the ways and characteristics of substance transport through the cell memb

20、rane. (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(1) Simple Diffusion. (1) (2) Passive Transport, no energy consumption: (1) Facilitated diffusion via Carrier, saturation/special choice/ competitive inhibition, no energy consumption. (2) Facilitated diffusion via Channel, special choice, no energy consumption. (2)

21、(3) Active Transport, energy consumption: (1) Primary Active Transport, directly show energy consumption. (1) Secondary Active Transport, indirectly show energy consumption. (1) (4) Endocytosis and Exocytosis, large molecule transport with energy consumption. (1) )解析：27. What is the concept and basi

22、c steps of blood coagulation ? (15 Points) （分数：15.00）_正确答案：(Concept: The coagulation system consists of cofactors and a series of zymogens which sequentially activate one another, leading to formation of fibrin at a site of vascular injury. (3) Basic steps should be as follows: (1) First Step: activ

23、ator of prothrombin (4) (2) Second Step: prothrombin thrombin (4) (3) Third Step: fibrinogen fibrin (4) )解析：28. What is cardiac output and please describe some factors affecting the cardiac output. (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(Cardiac output (CO): The product of the frequency of pumping (heart rate)

24、and the stroke volume is the cardiac output; it is also called minute volume. 1 Influencing factors: 9 (1) stroke volume (SV): Preload of myocardium (end-diastolic volume of ventricle, EDV), depends on heterometric regulation and Frank-Starling Law; positive correlation between the EDV and SV. (2) M

25、yocardial contractility, depends on homometric regulation and receives control of nervous or/and humoral factors, positive correlation between the myocardial contractility and SV. (2) Afterload of myocardium (arterial blood pressure , ABP), if it increases, evokes delay of isovolumic contraction per

26、iod, decurtation of ejection phase, decrease of SV and remnant hypervolemia of ventricle, which results in preload increase, and then regulated by Frank-Starling Law enlarging SV. (2) (2) Heart rate, HR: there is positive correlation between the HR and CO with the certain range of HR (60180 bpm). HR

27、 overrun will induce decrease of CO. (2) (3) Myocardial compliance: It is direct ratio to myocardial contractility and increase CO. (1) )解析：29. What is oxygen dissociation curve and please describe some factors influencing this curver. (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(Oxygen dissociation curve: The graph

28、 of the relationship between the partial pressure of oxygen and the degree of hemoglobin saturation with oxygen, which has a characteristic sigmoid shape. 2 Influencing factors: pH value, PCO2, temperature and 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG). 4 Increase of H+, PCO2, temperature and 2,3- DPG will in

29、duce the curve right shift and more O2 release from Hb for tissue use 2 while decrease of mentionedabove factors will trigger the curve left shift and more O2 combination with Hb 2.)解析：30.What are typical and common patterns of motility in different parts of gastrointestinal tracts and each function

30、? (10 Points)（分数：10.00）_正确答案：(1) The common pattern of motility in different parts of gastrointestinal tracts is peristalsis for decomposition of ingested food and combination with digestive juice. (1) (2) The typical pattern of motility at stomach is receptive relaxation for store of food. (3) (3)

31、The typical pattern of motility at small intestine is segmentation for turning food into smaller particles and helping absorption. (3) (4) The typical pattern of motility at large intestine is mass movement for pushing the contents in the colon into the next downstream segment. (3) )解析：_解析：_解析：_解析：_解析：_解析：