2011年9月高级口译考试翻译真题及答案解析.doc

1、2011 年 9 月高级口译考试翻译真题及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1. In the coming decades, Europes influence on affairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reason for NATOs increasing marginal

2、ization stems from the behavior of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logistical and intelligence assets

3、needed to project military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military. （分数：10.00）_2. Political and demographic changes within Europe, a

4、s well as the United States, also ensure that the transatlantic alliance will lose prominence. In Europe, the E.U. project still consumes the attention of many, but for others, especially those in southern Europe facing unsustainable fiscal shortfalls, domestic economic turmoil takes precedence. No

5、doubt, Europes security challenges are geographically, politically and psychologically less immediate to the population than its economic ones. Mounting financial problems and the imperative to cut deficits are sure to limit what Europeans can do militarily beyond their continent. It is true that th

6、e era in which Europe and transatlantic relations dominated U.S. foreign policy is over. （分数：10.00）_3.Globally, alcohol consumption has increased in recent decades, with all or most of that increase in developing countries. This increase is often occurring in countries with few methods of prevention

7、, control or treatment. The rise in alcohol consumption in developing countries provides ample cause for concern over the possible rise in alcohol related problems in those regions of the world. There is increasing evidence that besides volume of alcohol, the pattern of the drinking is relevant for

8、the health outcomes. Overall, there is a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and more than 60 types of disease and injury. Worldwide alcohol costs 2.5 million death, 3.8% of total. The burden is not equally distributed among all the countries. （分数：10.00）_4.Traditional medicine is the sum

9、 total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain health, as well as to prevent, diagnose or treat physical and mental illnesses. Traditional medicine that has been adopted by other populations (outside

10、 its indigenous culture) is often termed alternative or complementary medicine. Herbal medicines include herbs, herbal preparations, and finished herbal products that contain parts of plants as active ingredients. In some Asian and African countries, 80% of the population depend on traditional medic

11、ine for primary health care. In many developed countries, 70% to 80% of the population has used some form of alternative or complementary medicine, such as acupuncture. （分数：10.00）_5. 西塘是一个具有一千多年历史的水乡古镇，保存完好的明清时期建筑群是其他旅游景点所无法相比的。徜徉古镇街头，使人们仿佛置身于一副美丽的水墨画之中。河两岸高耸的粉墙和水中清晰的瓦房倒影，还有那在微风里婆娑摇曳的杨柳，似乎都在为这个古镇增添着

12、异彩和生机。 在这个宁静的水镇里，生活的脚步似乎完全听命于那淌着潺潺流水的河流。西塘可以说是水的同义词。这里的河流是那样的蜿蜒曲折、波光粼粼，映射出一派宁静祥和的街景。夜幕降临，河岸边数千盏灯笼与晚霞一并点燃，把整个小镇映衬得灯火通明，为镇民们照亮了回家的路。 （分数：10.00）_6.In the education circles, homework opponents argue that homework damage the physical, emotional, and mental health of children by reducing the amount of tim

13、e they have to play and get fresh air. （分数：10.00）_7. Most of us tend to believe that competition is good and that competition fairly handled can generally stimulate more efficiency in production, grater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers. （分数：10.00）_8.Intellectual property cr

14、imes are not victimless. The theft of ideas and the sale of counterfeit goods threaten economic opportunities and financial stability, suppress innovation, and destroy jobs. （分数：10.00）_9.People now sleep about 20% less than they did a century ago. One 2010 poll of 1000 Americans found 36% are drowsy

15、 or fall asleep when they are driving, and 29% become very sleepy at work. （分数：10.00）_10. Destabilizing factors and uncertainties are clearly on the rise in our region. The impact of international financial crisis can still be felt and problems such as terrorist forces and drug trafficking are becom

16、ing more pronounced. （分数：10.00）_2011 年 9 月高级口译考试翻译真题答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)1. In the coming decades, Europes influence on affairs beyond its borders will be sharply limited, and it is in other regions, not Europe, that the 21st century will be most clearly forged and defined. Certainly, one reaso

17、n for NATOs increasing marginalization stems from the behavior of its European members. With NATO, critical decisions are still made nationally; much of the talk about a common defense policy remains just that talk. There is little specialization or coordination. Missing as well are many of the logi

18、stical and intelligence assets needed to project military force on distant battlefields. With the Cold War and the Soviet threat a distant memory, there is little political willingness, on a country-by-country basis, to provide adequate public funds to the military. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：( 在接下来的几十年里，欧洲对境外

19、事务的影响力将会锐减，推动和定义 21 世纪的将是世界上的其他地区，绝非欧洲。诚然，北约不断被边缘化，部分原因归咎于它的欧洲成员国。在北约，各国独自做出重大决断；关于共同防御政策的谈判，到目前依然仅仅还是个谈判；分工协调微乎其微；将军事力量投放到遥远战场所需的许多后勤保障和情报资源也处于缺失状态。冷战和苏联威胁都已成为遥远的回忆，各国没有多少政治意愿向军队提供充足的公共资金。 )解析：2. Political and demographic changes within Europe, as well as the United States, also ensure that the tra

20、nsatlantic alliance will lose prominence. In Europe, the E.U. project still consumes the attention of many, but for others, especially those in southern Europe facing unsustainable fiscal shortfalls, domestic economic turmoil takes precedence. No doubt, Europes security challenges are geographically

21、, politically and psychologically less immediate to the population than its economic ones. Mounting financial problems and the imperative to cut deficits are sure to limit what Europeans can do militarily beyond their continent. It is true that the era in which Europe and transatlantic relations dom

22、inated U.S. foreign policy is over. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：( 欧洲内部及美国在政治和人口结构方面的变化也注定了这个跨大西洋联盟会失去重要性。在欧洲，欧盟一体化方案仍然得到了词多国家的关注，但是对于其他国家来说，特别是对于欧洲南部出现难以为继的财政赤字的国家来说，国内的经济乱象却是在第一位的。无疑，欧洲的安全难题在地理、政治和心理方面对于欧洲人的影响都不像经济难题那么紧迫。日益突出的金融问题和削减赤字的必要性必定会限制欧洲各国在欧洲大陆以外所能采取的军事行动。确实，欧洲和跨大西洋关系主导美国外交政策的时代已经结束。)解析：3.Globally, al

23、cohol consumption has increased in recent decades, with all or most of that increase in developing countries. This increase is often occurring in countries with few methods of prevention, control or treatment. The rise in alcohol consumption in developing countries provides ample cause for concern o

24、ver the possible rise in alcohol related problems in those regions of the world. There is increasing evidence that besides volume of alcohol, the pattern of the drinking is relevant for the health outcomes. Overall, there is a causal relationship between alcohol consumption and more than 60 types of

25、 disease and injury. Worldwide alcohol costs 2.5 million death, 3.8% of total. The burden is not equally distributed among all the countries. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：( 在全球范围内，酒精消费在近几十年内都在增长，几乎大部分消费都发生在发展中国家。这些增长通常发生在缺乏预防、控制和治疗措施的国家中。因为发展中国家酒精消费的增长，人们开始关心酒精可能带来的相关问题的增多。有越来越多的证据表明，除了酒精含量，饮酒方式也与健康息息相关。总的来说，超过

26、60 种的疾病和伤亡都与酒精消费有关。在世界各地，酒精造成了 250 万人死亡，占全球死亡人数的 3.8%。对此，世界各国要负的责任不是均等的。)解析：4.Traditional medicine is the sum total of knowledge, skills and practices based on the theories, beliefs and experiences indigenous to different cultures that are used to maintain health, as well as to prevent, diagnose or

27、treat physical and mental illnesses. Traditional medicine that has been adopted by other populations (outside its indigenous culture) is often termed alternative or complementary medicine. Herbal medicines include herbs, herbal preparations, and finished herbal products that contain parts of plants

28、as active ingredients. In some Asian and African countries, 80% of the population depend on traditional medicine for primary health care. In many developed countries, 70% to 80% of the population has used some form of alternative or complementary medicine, such as acupuncture. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：( 传统医学

29、是保持健康以及预防、诊断或治疗身心疾病方面所使用的以不同文化固有的理论、信仰和经验为基础的知识、技能和实践总和。其他人群所采用的传统医学（不属于其本土文化范畴）通常被称作替代或补充医学。草药医学包括药草、草药制剂和草药成品，其中包含作为有效成分的植物部分。在亚洲和非洲一些国家，80%的人口依赖传统医学提供初级卫生保健。在许多发达国家，70%-80%的人口使用某种形式的替代或补充医学,例如针灸。)解析：5. 西塘是一个具有一千多年历史的水乡古镇，保存完好的明清时期建筑群是其他旅游景点所无法相比的。徜徉古镇街头，使人们仿佛置身于一副美丽的水墨画之中。河两岸高耸的粉墙和水中清晰的瓦房倒影，还有那在微

30、风里婆娑摇曳的杨柳，似乎都在为这个古镇增添着异彩和生机。 在这个宁静的水镇里，生活的脚步似乎完全听命于那淌着潺潺流水的河流。西塘可以说是水的同义词。这里的河流是那样的蜿蜒曲折、波光粼粼，映射出一派宁静祥和的街景。夜幕降临，河岸边数千盏灯笼与晚霞一并点燃，把整个小镇映衬得灯火通明，为镇民们照亮了回家的路。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：( Xitang, a river-side town with a history of more than 1,000 years, boasts a group of well-preserved buildings from Ming Dynasty a

31、nd Qing Dynasty that are unmatched by any other resorts. Take a free walk in its streets, and you will feel as if you were in a picturesque Chinese ink painting. The high-standing white wall on both sides of the river and the clear reflection of tile-roofed houses in the water as well as the willows

32、 waving and dancing in the breeze all vividly bring life and vigor to the town. In this tranquility, the pace of life seems to be harmoniously subject to the gurgling streams. The name of the town, Xitang, is a synonym of water. The winding rivers with sparkling ripples give away the tranquility it

33、has acquired. As the fall of night ignites thousands of lanterns along the riverbanks and set off the sunset glow, the whole town become ablaze with light and illuminates the way home for its residents. )解析：6.In the education circles, homework opponents argue that homework damage the physical, emoti

34、onal, and mental health of children by reducing the amount of time they have to play and get fresh air. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：(在教育圈，反对家庭作业的人认为家庭作业减少了孩子们玩耍和去室外呼吸新鲜空气的时间，从而损害了孩子们的生理，情感以及心理健康。 )解析：7. Most of us tend to believe that competition is good and that competition fairly handled can generally stimula

35、te more efficiency in production, grater efforts to improve products and lower prices for consumers. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：(我们大多数人认为竞争是好的，而且处理得当的竞争关系一般能够刺激生产更高的效率，更好的产品以及对消费者来说，更低的产品价格。 )解析：8.Intellectual property crimes are not victimless. The theft of ideas and the sale of counterfeit goods threaten eco

36、nomic opportunities and financial stability, suppress innovation, and destroy jobs. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：(知识产权犯罪并不是没有受害人的。盗取他人的观点，销售假冒产品威胁了经济机会和金融稳定，抑制了创新，毁掉了就业。 )解析：9.People now sleep about 20% less than they did a century ago. One 2010 poll of 1000 Americans found 36% are drowsy or fall asleep when the

37、y are driving, and 29% become very sleepy at work. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：(现在人们的睡眠时间相比一个世纪以前减少了 20%。 2010 的一份有 1000 位美国人参与的民意调查显示，36%的美国人在开车时都昏昏欲睡或者睡着，29%的人在工作时非常困乏。 )解析：10. Destabilizing factors and uncertainties are clearly on the rise in our region. The impact of international financial crisis can still be felt and problems such as terrorist forces and drug trafficking are becoming more pronounced. （分数：10.00）_正确答案：(不稳定因素以及不确定性在我们这一地区正明显上升。国际金融危机的影响依然能够感受到，诸如恐怖主义力量以及非法毒品交易等问题也变得更加明显。)解析：