2017年上半年CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题及答案解析.doc

1、2017年上半年 CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、英译汉(总题数：2，分数：50.00)英译汉 Passage 1来源：联合国 2030年可持续发展目标This Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimens

2、ions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet. We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are

3、 urgently needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.The 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda. They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these

4、 did not achieve. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental.We are meeting at a time o

5、f immense challenges to sustainable development. Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and are denied a life of dignity.There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment, particularly youth unemployment, is a major concer

6、n. Global health threats, more frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflict, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades.Natural resource depletion and adverse

7、 impacts of environmental degradation, including desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and its adverse impacts undermine

8、 the ability of all countries to achieve sustainable development.The Millennium Development Goals were agreed 15 years ago provided an important framework for development and significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, least deve

9、loped countries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing States, and some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off-track, in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health.We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the M

10、illennium Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in special situations, in line with relevant support programs. The new Agenda builds on the Millennium Devel

11、opment Goals and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.（分数：25.00）_英译汉 Passage 2来源：经济学人Entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, only half-jokingly, call it the URL strategy. The three letters usually stand for Uniform Resource Locatorthe unique a

12、ddress of any file that is accessible via the internet. But in the world of internet start-ups, URL has another meaning: Ubiquity first, Revenue Later.This pretty much describes the strategy of most big online social networks, which over the past few years have concentrated on piling on users rather

13、 than worrying about profits. That has allowed them to build huge followings, but it has also raised a big question-mark over their ability to make money from the audiences they have put together.And the issue is whether the social-networking industry can come up with a wildly successful form of adv

14、ertising in the same way that Google has been able to make billions of dollars from the targeted ads that run alongside the search results it serves up.Without such a formula, runs the argument, social networks such as Facebook will never amount to much. Doubters claim that the networks face two big

15、 handicaps. The first is that people logged into social-networking sites are there to hang out with their friends, so they will pay no attention to ads. The second is that because the sites let users generate their own content, they will find it hard to attract advertisers because brands will not wa

16、nt to take the risk of appearing alongside examples of profanity, obscenity or nudityor all three at once.The broader outlook for networking sites is more encouraging. One reason is that advertisers are being drawn to the leading sites by their sheer scale. Facebooks audience is bigger than any TV n

17、etwork that has ever existed on the face of the earth. Another thing that has attracted companies is the networks ability to target ads with laser-like precision, thanks to the data they hold on their users ages, gender, interests and so forth. Although there are still lingering concerns about brand

18、s appearing next to racy content, firms seem more willing to run this risk now that the networks advertising proposition has become more compelling.In addition to advertising-driven business model, networks are already making healthy profits from sales of games and virtual goods. The beauty of this

19、business for social networks is that the cost of producing and storing virtual inventory is minimal. Moreover, because these are closed markets, networks can fix prices at levels that generate fat margins. To some, the notion that big money can be made from selling make-believe items may seem bizarr

20、e. But the practice replicates the physical presents that people give to one another to cement relationships in the real world.（分数：25.00）_二、汉译英(总题数：2，分数：50.00)汉译英 Passage 1来源：中国五矿集团公司简介本公司是全球最大最强的冶金建设运营服务商，拥有 24万在职员工，资产规模超 7000亿元，境外机构、资源项目与承建工程遍布全球 60多个国家和地区。本公司有着独特的全产业链竞争优势，公司在全球金属矿业领域率先打通了从资源获取、勘查

21、、设计、施工、运营到流通、深加工的全产业链，形成了为金属矿产企业提供系统性解决方案，和工程建设运营一体化全生命周期的服务能力。公司金属矿产资源储量丰富，在国内外拥有一批世界级优质矿山。在冶金工业建设领域，公司积累了贯穿各环节的核心技术优势和设计施工能力，承担了中国大中型钢铁企业超过 90%的设计施工任务和全球 60%冶金建设任务，是冶金建设的“国家队”。公司拥有遍布全球的贸易流通网络，全球采购、全球营销，金属矿产品流通规模稳居国内第一。（分数：25.00）_汉译英 Passage 2来源：2016 夏季达沃斯开幕式李克强总理致辞我们应该积极促进结构性改革，特别是供给侧改革。中国经济发展面临结构

22、性的矛盾，供给和需求两侧都有，主要在供给侧，我们要用改革的办法推进结构调整，减少无效和低端的供给，扩大有效和中高端的供给，这既有利于经济转型，也有利于促进经济增长。其中重要的方面就是要淘汰严重过剩的产能，重点是抓好钢铁、煤炭等困难行业去产能，近年来已经取得些许成就，生煤和生铁产量下降，但还要进一步减少，主要是运用市场化和法治化手段，严格环保、质量、安全等标准。去产能最大的难题是人往哪里去，企业要采取多种措施使职工转岗不下岗，中央和地方政府都要对职工分流安置给予必要的支持。产能过剩是一个全球性的问题，我们将主动采取行动去产能，这本身就表明中国是负责任的大国。（分数：25.00）_2017年上半年

23、 CATTI英语二级笔译实务真题答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、英译汉(总题数：2，分数：50.00)英译汉 Passage 1来源：联合国 2030年可持续发展目标This Agenda is a plan of action for people, planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace in larger freedom. We recognize that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, inc

24、luding extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development.We are resolved to free the human race from the alleviation of poverty and heal and protect our planet. We are determined to take the bold and transformative steps which are urgently

25、 needed to shift the world onto a sustainable and resilient path.The 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today demonstrate the scale and ambition of this new universal Agenda. They seek to build on the Millennium Development Goals and complete what these did not

26、achieve. They seek to realize the human rights of all and to achieve gender equality and the empowerment of all women and girls. They are integrated and indivisible and balance the three dimensions of sustainable development: the economic, social and environmental.We are meeting at a time of immense

27、 challenges to sustainable development. Billions of our citizens continue to live in poverty and are denied a life of dignity.There are rising inequalities within and among countries. Gender inequality remains a key challenge. Unemployment, particularly youth unemployment, is a major concern. Global

28、 health threats, more frequent and intense natural disasters, spiraling conflict, violent extremism, terrorism and related humanitarian crises and forced displacement of people threaten to reverse much of the development progress made in recent decades.Natural resource depletion and adverse impacts

29、of environmental degradation, including desertification, drought, land degradation, freshwater scarcity and loss of biodiversity, add to and exacerbate the list of challenges which humanity faces. Climate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time and its adverse impacts undermine the abil

30、ity of all countries to achieve sustainable development.The Millennium Development Goals were agreed 15 years ago provided an important framework for development and significant progress has been made in a number of areas. But the progress has been uneven, particularly in Africa, least developed cou

31、ntries, landlocked developing countries, and small island developing States, and some of the Millennium Development Goals remain off-track, in particular those related to maternal, newborn and child health and to reproductive health.We recommit ourselves to the full realization of all the Millennium

32、 Development Goals, including the off-track Millennium Development Goals, in particular by providing focused and scaled-up assistance to least developed countries and other countries in special situations, in line with relevant support programs. The new Agenda builds on the Millennium Development Go

33、als and seeks to complete what these did not achieve, particularly in reaching the most vulnerable countries.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：(本议程是为人类、地球与繁荣制订的行动计划。它还旨在加强世界和平与自由。我们认识到，消除一切形式和表现的贫困，包括消除极端贫困，是世界最大的挑战，也是实现可持续发展必不可少的要求。我们决心让人类摆脱贫困和匮乏，让地球治愈创伤并得到保护。我们决心大胆采取迫切需要的变革步骤，让世界走上可持续且具有恢复力的道路。我们今天宣布的 17个可持续发展目标和 1

34、69个具体目标展现了这个新全球议程的规模和雄心。这些目标寻求巩固发展千年发展目标，完成千年发展目标尚未完成的事业。它们要让所有人享有人权，实现性别平等，增强所有妇女和女童的权能。它们是整体的，不可分割的，并兼顾了可持续发展的三个方面：经济、社会和环境。这些目标和具体目标将促使人们在今后 15年内，在那些对人类和地球至关重要的领域中采取行动。我们的会议是在可持续发展面临巨大挑战之际召开的。我们有几十亿公民仍然处于贫困之中，生活缺少尊严。国家内和国家间的不平等在增加。性别不平等仍然是一个重大挑战。失业特别是青年失业，是一个令人担忧的重要问题。全球性疾病威胁、越来越频繁和严重的自然灾害、不断升级的冲

35、突、暴力极端主义、恐怖主义和有关的人道主义危机以及被迫流离失所，有可能使最近数十年取得的大部分发展进展功亏一篑。自然资源的枯竭和环境退化产生的不利影响，包括荒漠化、干旱、土地退化、淡水资源缺乏和生物多样性丧失，使人类面临的各种挑战不断增加和日益严重。气候变化是当今时代的最大挑战之一，它产生的不利影响削弱了各国实现可持续发展的能力。许多社会和各种维系地球的生物系统的生存受到威胁。千年发展目标是在近十五年前商定的。这些目标为发展确立了一个重要框架，已经在一些重要领域中取得了重大进展。但是各国的进展参差不齐，非洲、最不发达国家、内陆发展中国家和小岛屿发展中国家尤其如此，一些千年发展目标仍未实现，特别

36、是那些涉及孕产妇、新生儿和儿童健康的目标和涉及生殖健康的目标。我们承诺全面实现所有千年发展目标，包括尚未实现的目标，特别是根据相关支助方案，重点为最不发达国家和其他特殊处境国家提供更多援助。新议程巩固发展了千年发展目标，力求完成没有完成的目标，特别是帮助最弱势群体。)解析：英译汉 Passage 2来源：经济学人Entrepreneurs in Silicon Valley, only half-jokingly, call it the URL strategy. The three letters usually stand for Uniform Resource Locatorthe

37、unique address of any file that is accessible via the internet. But in the world of internet start-ups, URL has another meaning: Ubiquity first, Revenue Later.This pretty much describes the strategy of most big online social networks, which over the past few years have concentrated on piling on user

38、s rather than worrying about profits. That has allowed them to build huge followings, but it has also raised a big question-mark over their ability to make money from the audiences they have put together.And the issue is whether the social-networking industry can come up with a wildly successful for

39、m of advertising in the same way that Google has been able to make billions of dollars from the targeted ads that run alongside the search results it serves up.Without such a formula, runs the argument, social networks such as Facebook will never amount to much. Doubters claim that the networks face

40、 two big handicaps. The first is that people logged into social-networking sites are there to hang out with their friends, so they will pay no attention to ads. The second is that because the sites let users generate their own content, they will find it hard to attract advertisers because brands wil

41、l not want to take the risk of appearing alongside examples of profanity, obscenity or nudityor all three at once.The broader outlook for networking sites is more encouraging. One reason is that advertisers are being drawn to the leading sites by their sheer scale. Facebooks audience is bigger than

42、any TV network that has ever existed on the face of the earth. Another thing that has attracted companies is the networks ability to target ads with laser-like precision, thanks to the data they hold on their users ages, gender, interests and so forth. Although there are still lingering concerns abo

43、ut brands appearing next to racy content, firms seem more willing to run this risk now that the networks advertising proposition has become more compelling.In addition to advertising-driven business model, networks are already making healthy profits from sales of games and virtual goods. The beauty

44、of this business for social networks is that the cost of producing and storing virtual inventory is minimal. Moreover, because these are closed markets, networks can fix prices at levels that generate fat margins. To some, the notion that big money can be made from selling make-believe items may see

45、m bizarre. But the practice replicates the physical presents that people give to one another to cement relationships in the real world.（分数：25.00）_正确答案：(硅谷的企业家半开玩笑地称其为“URL 策略”。这三个字母通常代表统一资源定位符，即能通过互联网访问的文件的唯一地址。但是对于互联网初创公司来说，URL 还有另一个含义:先让社交网站无处不在，然后再考虑盈利。这在很大程度上描述了大多数大型线上社交网络的战略，在过去的几年里，这些社交网络集中精力积累

46、用户，而不是担忧如何盈利。这使得他们建立庞大的用户群，也让人质疑他们是否有能力从用户群中赚钱。现在的问题是，社交网络行业能否想出一种非常成功的广告形式，就像谷歌能够在搜索结果中投放目标广告赚到数十亿美元一样。如果没有这样的模式，那么 Facebook等社交网络将永远不会有多大的价值。持怀疑态度的人声称，这些网络面临着两个巨大的障碍。第一，人们登录社交网站是为了与他们的朋友一起浏览网页,所以他们不会关注广告。第二,因为网站允许用户自行生产内容,它们将很难吸引广告商，因为品牌商们不愿意承担广告出现在污言秽语、色情和裸体等内容旁边的风险。社交网站更长远的前景更令人鼓舞。其中一个原因是，广告商正被领头

47、网站的巨大规模吸引。Facebook的受众比任何一个地球上出现过的电视网络都要多。另一件吸引公司的事情是，网站掌握用户的年龄、性别、兴趣等数据，能够像激光一样精准地投放广告。尽管人们仍然担心品牌会出现在不雅的内容旁边，但公司现在似乎更愿意冒这个风险，因为网络的广告主题已经变得更有吸引力了。除了广告驱动的商业模式之外，网络已经从游戏和虚拟商品的销售中获得了可观的利润。对于社交网络来说，这一模式的魅力在于生产和存储虚拟商品的成本是最低的。此外，由于是封闭市场，网站可以将价格固定在能产生丰厚利润的水平上。对一些人来说，通过出售虚构物品来赚钱的想法可能显得有些怪异，但是，这就是复制了人们为了巩固在现实

48、世界的关系而赠予的有形礼物。)解析：二、汉译英(总题数：2，分数：50.00)汉译英 Passage 1来源：中国五矿集团公司简介本公司是全球最大最强的冶金建设运营服务商，拥有 24万在职员工，资产规模超 7000亿元，境外机构、资源项目与承建工程遍布全球 60多个国家和地区。本公司有着独特的全产业链竞争优势，公司在全球金属矿业领域率先打通了从资源获取、勘查、设计、施工、运营到流通、深加工的全产业链，形成了为金属矿产企业提供系统性解决方案，和工程建设运营一体化全生命周期的服务能力。公司金属矿产资源储量丰富，在国内外拥有一批世界级优质矿山。在冶金工业建设领域，公司积累了贯穿各环节的核心技术优势和设计施工能力，承担了中国大中型钢铁企业超过 90%的设计施工任务和全球 60%冶金建设任务，是冶金建设的“国