BFT阅读（综合）-试卷1及答案解析.doc

1、BFT 阅读（综合）-试卷 1 及答案解析(总分：48.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 1(总题数：3，分数：48.00)At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do something strange or terrible. 1You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior. Perhaps the most interesting thi

2、ng about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behaviors and attitudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. 2Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dyi

3、ng and Learning to Say Good-bye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings of death and, as a result, are more willing to talk about this subject. 3Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. It is not taboo to talk about fat: its taboo

4、 to be fat. The “in“ look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their images as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. 4After all, people think, how can people who care about the

5、mselves, and therefore the way they look, permit themselves to become fat? 5 Its not surprising, then, that millions of Americans have become obsessed with staying slim and “in shape“. The pursuit of youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for Americans obsession with diet and

6、exercise. 6As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the course of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. 7I

7、n an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising. 8parks are filled with joggers and bicyclists, physical education programs are enjoying a newly found prestige, and many companies are providing special exercise facilities for their employees to use

8、during the workday. A. One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. B. However, chances are that you wont act on your impulse, but let it pass instead. C. In an image-conscious society like the US, thin is “in“, fat is “out“. D. As a result of inactivity and disuse, peoples bodi

9、es can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. E. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unpleasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. F. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. G The fat person, on

10、 the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self- discipline, and self-respect. H. The effect of this new appreciation of the importance of exercise is evident:（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_Some people believe that international sport creates goo

11、dwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. 1There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourages international brotherhood. 2 One country received i

12、ts second place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. 3They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said: “This wasnt hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federati

13、on are finished.“ 4 The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputed end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. 5A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the ba

14、sket. 6An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. 7 Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. 8But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too mu

15、ch that encourages aggressive patriotism. A. The American players then voted not to accept the silver medals. B. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. C. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to mi

16、sunderstanding and hatred. D. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. E. There had been a noisy scene at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the final decisions. F. The president of the Federation said late

17、r that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years. G. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. H. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of

18、athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_The single, decisive factor that made it possible for mankind to settle in permanent communities was agriculture. 1Once people

19、could control the production of food and be assured of a reliable annual supply of it, their lives changed completely. Farming was a revolutionary discovery. 2With more food available, more people could be fed. Populations therefore increased. The growing number of people available for more kinds of

20、 work led to the development of more complex social structures. 3 Farming the world over has always relied upon a dependable water supply. For the earliest societies this meant rivers and streams or regular rainfall. 4Later communities were able to develop by taking advantage of the rainy seasons. A

21、ll of the ancient civilizations probably developed in much the same way, in spite of regional and climatic differences. 5Heavier pottery replaced animal-skin gourds as containers for food and liquids. Cloth could be woven from wool and flax. Permanent structures made of wood, brick, and stone could

22、be erected. The science of mathematics was an early outgrowth of agriculture. People studied the movements of the moon, the sun, and planets to calculate seasons. 6With a calendar it was possible to calculate the arrival of each growing season. Measurement of land areas was necessary if property was

23、 to be a factor in farming and housekeeping. 7All of the major ancient civilizations in Mesopotamia, Egypt, the Indus Valley, and China emerged in the 4th millennium BC. Historians still debate over which one emerged first. It may well have been the Middle East, in an area called the Fertile Crescen

24、t. This region stretches from the Nile River in Egypt northward along the coast of former Palestine, then eastward into Asia to include Mesopotamia. 8This kind of farming depended on the reproduction of seed, normally from grain crops. A. It not only made settlements possible and ultimately the buil

25、ding of cities but it also made reliable food supply. B. Later came measures of value as commodity and money exchange became common. C. In this area people settled along the riverbanks and practiced field agriculture. D. After farming was developed in the Middle East in about 6500 BC, people living

26、in tribes or family units did not have to be on the move continually searching for food or herding their animals. E. As villages grew, the accumulation of more numerous and substantial goods became possible. F. With a food surplus, a community could support a variety of workers who were not farmers.

27、 G The first great civilizations grow up along rivers. H. In doing so they created the first calendars.（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_BFT 阅读（综合）-试卷 1 答案解析(总分：48.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part 1(总题数：3，分数：48.00)At some time in your life you may have a strong desire to do somet

28、hing strange or terrible. 1You know that to commit the action is wrong in some way and that other people will not accept your behavior. Perhaps the most interesting thing about the phenomenon of taboo behavior is how it can change over the years within the same society, how certain behaviors and att

29、itudes once considered taboo can become perfectly acceptable and natural at another point in time. 2Now with the publication of important books such as On Death and Dying and Learning to Say Good-bye, people have become more aware of the importance of expressing feelings of death and, as a result, a

30、re more willing to talk about this subject. 3Unlike many other taboos, fat is a topic that Americans talk about constantly. It is not taboo to talk about fat: its taboo to be fat. The “in“ look is thin, not fat. In the work world, most companies prefer youthful-looking, trim executives to sell their

31、 images as well as their products to the public. The thin look is associated with youth, vigor, and success. 4After all, people think, how can people who care about themselves, and therefore the way they look, permit themselves to become fat? 5 Its not surprising, then, that millions of Americans ha

32、ve become obsessed with staying slim and “in shape“. The pursuit of youthful physical appearance is not, however, the sole reason for Americans obsession with diet and exercise. 6As in most technologically developed nations, the life-style of North Americans has changed dramatically during the cours

33、e of the last century. Modern machines do all the physical labor that people were once forced to do by hand. Cars and buses transport us quickly from point to point. 7In an effort to avoid such a fate, millions of Americans are spending more of their time exercising. 8parks are filled with joggers a

34、nd bicyclists, physical education programs are enjoying a newly found prestige, and many companies are providing special exercise facilities for their employees to use during the workday. A. One of the newest taboos in American society is the topic of fat. B. However, chances are that you wont act o

35、n your impulse, but let it pass instead. C. In an image-conscious society like the US, thin is “in“, fat is “out“. D. As a result of inactivity and disuse, peoples bodies can easily become weak and vulnerable to disease. E. Topics such as death, for example, were once considered so upsetting and unp

36、leasant that it was a taboo to even talk about them. F. Recent research has shown the critical importance of diet and exercise for personal health. G The fat person, on the other hand, is thought of as lazy and lacking in energy, self- discipline, and self-respect. H. The effect of this new apprecia

37、tion of the importance of exercise is evident:（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：H）解析：解析：此选项的下文列举了关于体育锻炼的几种形式，均与选项中的关键词 exercise 有关，所以H 是合适的选项。Some people believe that international sport creates goo

38、dwill between the nations and that if countries play games together they will learn to live together. 1There is probably some truth in both arguments, but in recent years the Olympic Games have done little to support the view that sports encourages international brotherhood. 2 One country received i

39、ts second place medals with visible indignation after the hockey final. 3They were convinced that one of their goals should not have been disallowed and that their opponents victory was unfair. Their manager was in a rage when he said: “This wasnt hockey. Hockey and the International Hockey Federati

40、on are finished.“ 4 The American basketball team announced that they would not yield first place to Russia, after a disputed end to their contest. The game had ended in disturbance. 5A Russian player then threw the ball from one end of the court to the other, and another player popped it into the ba

41、sket. 6An appeal jury debated the matter for four and a half hours before announcing that the result would stand. 7 Incidents of this kind will continue as long as sport is played competitively rather than for the love of the game. 8But in the present organization of the Olympics there is far too mu

42、ch that encourages aggressive patriotism. A. The American players then voted not to accept the silver medals. B. It was the first time the USA had ever lost an Olympic basketball match. C. Others say that the opposite is true: that international contests encourage false national pride and lead to mi

43、sunderstanding and hatred. D. The suggestion that athletes should compete as individuals, or in non-national teams, might be too much to hope for. E. There had been a noisy scene at the end of the hockey match, the losers objecting to the final decisions. F. The president of the Federation said late

44、r that such behavior could result in the suspension of the team for at least three years. G. It was thought at first that the United States had won, by a single point, but it was announced that there were three seconds still to play. H. Not only was there the tragic incident involving the murder of

45、athletes, but the Games were also ruined by lesser incidents caused principally by minor national contests.（分数：16.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：C）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：H）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：E）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：F）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：G）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：B）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：A）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：D）解析：解析：文章最后一段空格前句点明了作者的观点：“如果比赛是以竞争为目的，而非是为了对这项运动本身的热爱而进

46、行的，就会发生连续不断的类似的纷争。”空格的后句：“但是，目前奥运会的组织过于鼓励极端的爱国主义情绪”，前后句中间缺少一个过渡句，选项 D 既承接上文，又和下文相呼应，符合题意。The single, decisive factor that made it possible for mankind to settle in permanent communities was agriculture. 1Once people could control the production of food and be assured of a reliable annual supply of i

47、t, their lives changed completely. Farming was a revolutionary discovery. 2With more food available, more people could be fed. Populations therefore increased. The growing number of people available for more kinds of work led to the development of more complex social structures. 3 Farming the world over has always relied upon a dependable water supply. For the earliest societies this meant rivers and streams or regular rainfall. 4Later communities were able to develop by taking advantage of the rainy