CATTI三级笔译英译汉真题2010年11月及答案解析.doc

1、CATTI 三级笔译英译汉真题 2010 年 11 月及答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数：1，分数：50.00)1. WhennightfallsinremotepartsofAfricaandtheIndiansubcontinent,hundredsofmillionsofpeoplewithoutaccesstoelectricityturntocandlesorkerosenelampsforillumination. Slowlythroughsmallloansforsolarpowereddevices,mic

2、rofinanceisbringinglighttotheseruralregionswherealackofelectricityhasstemmedeconomicdevelopment,helddownliteracyratesanddamagedhealth. “Earlier,theycouldnotdomuchoncethesunset.Now,thesunisuseddifferently.Theyhaveincreasedtheirproductivity,improvedtheirhealthandsocio-economicstatus,”saidPinalShahfrom

3、SEWABank,amicro-lendinginstitution. VegetablesellerRamibenWaghritookoutaloantobuyasolarlanternwhichsheusestolightupherstallatnight.Thelanterncostsbetween$66-$112,aboutaweeksincomeforWaghri.“Thevegetableslookbetterbythislight,anditscheaperthankeroseneanddoesntsmell,”saidWaghri,whoestimatesshemakesabo

4、ut300rupees($6)moreeacheveningwithherlantern.“Ifwecanusethesuntosavesomemoney,whynot?” InIndia,solarpowerprojects,oftenfundedbymicrocreditinstitutions,arehelpingthecountryreducecarbonemissionsandachieveitsgoaltodoublethecontributionofrenewableenergyto6%,or25,000megawatts,withinthenextfouryears. Off-

5、gridapplicationssuchassolarcookersandlanterns,whichcanprovideseveralhoursoflightatnightafterbeingchargedbythesunduringtheday,willhelpcutdependenceonfossilfuelsandreducethefourthbiggestemitterscarbonfootprint,saidPradeepDadhich,aseniorfellowatenergyresearchinstituteTERIinIndia“Theyarereachingpeoplewh

6、ootherwisehavelimitedornoaccesstoelectricityanddependonkerosene,dieselorfirewoodfortheirenergyneed,”hesaid.“Theappliancesnotonlysatisfytheseneeds,theyalsoimprovethequalityoflifeandreducethecarbonemissions.” SEWA,ortheSelf-EmployedWomensAssociation,isamongagrowingnumberofmicrofinanceinstitutionsinInd

7、iafocusedonprovidingaffordablerenewableenergysourcestopoorpeople,whootherwisewouldhavehadtostandforhourstobuykeroseneforlampsortrudgekilometerstocollectfirewoodforcooking. SKS,Microfinance,thelargestsuchinstitutioninIndia,offerssolarlampstoits5millioncustomers,whiletheRuralSolarElectricityFoundation

8、helpspayforlampsandsystemsforhomesandstreetlightingforvillagersinIndia,NepalandBangladesh. InneighboringBangladesh,thestate-ownedandprivate-sectorpowerplantscangenerate3,700to4,300megawattsofelectricityadayagainstademandof5,500megawatts,accordingtothestate-runpowerdevelopmentboard.Withonly40percento

9、fthecountryspeoplehavingaccesstoelectricity,microfinanceinstitutionslikeGrameenBankhavemadeamajorpushtowardexpandingtheuseofsolarpower.Since2001,350,000solarhomesystemshavebeeninstalledinBangladeshand550,000solarlanternshavebeendistributed,bringingsolarpowertoabout4millionpeople. “Rightnow2.5million

10、peoplearebenefitingfromsolarenergy,andwehaveaplantoreach10millionpeoplebytheendof2012,”saidDipalChandraBarua,managingdirectorofGrameenShakti,anoffshootofthe2006NobelPeacePrizewinnerGrameenBank,whichencouragestheuseofalternativeenergy.（分数：50.00）_CATTI 三级笔译英译汉真题 2010 年 11 月答案解析(总分：50.00，做题时间：120 分钟)一、

11、PART 1 English-Chin(总题数：1，分数：50.00)1. WhennightfallsinremotepartsofAfricaandtheIndiansubcontinent,hundredsofmillionsofpeoplewithoutaccesstoelectricityturntocandlesorkerosenelampsforillumination. Slowlythroughsmallloansforsolarpowereddevices,microfinanceisbringinglighttotheseruralregionswherealackofe

12、lectricityhasstemmedeconomicdevelopment,helddownliteracyratesanddamagedhealth. “Earlier,theycouldnotdomuchoncethesunset.Now,thesunisuseddifferently.Theyhaveincreasedtheirproductivity,improvedtheirhealthandsocio-economicstatus,”saidPinalShahfromSEWABank,amicro-lendinginstitution. VegetablesellerRamib

13、enWaghritookoutaloantobuyasolarlanternwhichsheusestolightupherstallatnight.Thelanterncostsbetween$66-$112,aboutaweeksincomeforWaghri.“Thevegetableslookbetterbythislight,anditscheaperthankeroseneanddoesntsmell,”saidWaghri,whoestimatesshemakesabout300rupees($6)moreeacheveningwithherlantern.“Ifwecanuse

14、thesuntosavesomemoney,whynot?” InIndia,solarpowerprojects,oftenfundedbymicrocreditinstitutions,arehelpingthecountryreducecarbonemissionsandachieveitsgoaltodoublethecontributionofrenewableenergyto6%,or25,000megawatts,withinthenextfouryears. Off-gridapplicationssuchassolarcookersandlanterns,whichcanpr

15、ovideseveralhoursoflightatnightafterbeingchargedbythesunduringtheday,willhelpcutdependenceonfossilfuelsandreducethefourthbiggestemitterscarbonfootprint,saidPradeepDadhich,aseniorfellowatenergyresearchinstituteTERIinIndia“Theyarereachingpeoplewhootherwisehavelimitedornoaccesstoelectricityanddependonk

16、erosene,dieselorfirewoodfortheirenergyneed,”hesaid.“Theappliancesnotonlysatisfytheseneeds,theyalsoimprovethequalityoflifeandreducethecarbonemissions.” SEWA,ortheSelf-EmployedWomensAssociation,isamongagrowingnumberofmicrofinanceinstitutionsinIndiafocusedonprovidingaffordablerenewableenergysourcestopo

17、orpeople,whootherwisewouldhavehadtostandforhourstobuykeroseneforlampsortrudgekilometerstocollectfirewoodforcooking. SKS,Microfinance,thelargestsuchinstitutioninIndia,offerssolarlampstoits5millioncustomers,whiletheRuralSolarElectricityFoundationhelpspayforlampsandsystemsforhomesandstreetlightingforvi

18、llagersinIndia,NepalandBangladesh. InneighboringBangladesh,thestate-ownedandprivate-sectorpowerplantscangenerate3,700to4,300megawattsofelectricityadayagainstademandof5,500megawatts,accordingtothestate-runpowerdevelopmentboard.Withonly40percentofthecountryspeoplehavingaccesstoelectricity,microfinance

19、institutionslikeGrameenBankhavemadeamajorpushtowardexpandingtheuseofsolarpower.Since2001,350,000solarhomesystemshavebeeninstalledinBangladeshand550,000solarlanternshavebeendistributed,bringingsolarpowertoabout4millionpeople. “Rightnow2.5millionpeoplearebenefitingfromsolarenergy,andwehaveaplantoreach

20、10millionpeoplebytheendof2012,”saidDipalChandraBarua,managingdirectorofGrameenShakti,anoffshootofthe2006NobelPeacePrizewinnerGrameenBank,whichencouragestheuseofalternativeenergy.（分数：50.00）_正确答案：( 在印度次大陆的边远地区，当夜幕降临的时候，数亿人用不上电，靠蜡烛或煤油灯照明。用小额短期贷款购买太阳能装置，小额借贷渐渐地给这些农村地区带来了光明。缺点一直阻碍着那些地方的经济发展，限制了识字率的提高，损害了

21、人们的健康。 赛瓦银行是一家小额信贷机构，其工作人员皮纳沙赫说，“早先，太阳一落山，人们就干不了多少事了。现在，采取不同的方法来利用太阳，人们提高了生产力，改善了健康状况，提高了社会经济地位。” 拉米本瓦格里是一个菜贩，她贷款购买了一盏太阳能灯，夜晚挂在菜摊上照明。一盏太阳能灯标价 66 至 112 美元，大约是瓦格里女士这样的人一周的收入。瓦格里女士说：“这盏灯一照，蔬菜显得更新鲜了，而且这还比用煤油便宜，也没什么气味。”她估计，有了这盏灯，她每晚可多挣 300 卢比，合 6 美元。她说：“要是能用太阳省点钱，干嘛不呢?” 在印度，太阳能项目往往能得到小额信贷机构的资助，这些项目正帮助这个国

22、家减少碳排放，并在未来 4年内实现使可再生能源的贡献率翻一番的目标，即 6%，合 25,000 兆瓦。 印度能源资源研究所（简称TERI）高级研究员普拉迪普达迪奇称，不靠电网供电的电器，如太阳能灶和在白天吸收太阳能后可在夜间照明数小时之久的太阳能灯，将有助于减少对化石燃料的依赖。他还说：“许多人用不上电，或只能用少量的电，而用煤油、柴油或柴火满足其能源需求，现在他们也能用上这些电器了。这些电器不仅能满足他们的需求，还能提高他们的生活质量，减少碳排放量。” 个体经营妇女协会（简称 SEWA）是印度日益增多的小额信贷机构之一，其工作重点是向穷人提供廉价的可再生能源，否则这些穷人只得排数小时的队去买

23、煤油点灯，或跋涉几公里路去拾柴做饭。 SKS 小额借贷公司是印度此类机构中最大的，它向 500 万客户提供太阳能灯，而农村太阳能电力基金会则为印度、尼泊尔和孟加拉国村民购买此类家庭用灯和街道照明系统付款。 国家电力发展局提供的数据，在邻国孟加拉，国营和私营发电厂每天能生产 3700 至4300 兆瓦的电力，而每天的电需求量则是 5500 兆瓦。由于仅有 40%的人能用上电，小额借贷机构如格拉民银行就大力推广利用太阳能。自 2001 年以来，已在孟加拉国安装了 35 万套家用太阳能设备，提供了55 万盏太阳能灯，使约 400 万人用上了太阳能。 格拉民银行曾因提倡使用替代能源而荣获 2006 年诺贝尔和平奖，其分支机构格拉民沙克蒂公司总裁迪帕.钱德拉.巴鲁亚说，“目前有 250 万人受益于太阳能，我们还有一个计划，到 2012 年底前要把太阳能推广至 1000 万人。”)解析：