Computer+and+Information及答案解析.doc

1、Computer+and+Information 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSection Liste(总题数：1，分数：5.00)BPart A/BI For questions 1 - 5 ,you will hear a passage. Listen and answer the questions with the information youve heard. Write not more than 3 words in each blank. You will hear the recording twice. You now have 25

2、seconds to read the questions below./I（分数：5.00）(1).When Bill Gates became interested in computer, he was _ years old.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).When Bill Gates began developing the computer language called Basic, he was _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).In _, Bill Gates establish the Microsoft Company.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_

3、4).IBM use the _ of Microsofts.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Microsoft has sold _ copies of the Windows program around the world（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_二、BPart B/B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)（分数：5.00）(1).How many streets addresses does the computer contain about?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).What kind of information can the computer give

4、to the firemen when they answer a call?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Which word can be used to describe the speed of the computer?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Why does the computer contain medical records of each fireman?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What can the computer information help to save?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart C/B(总题数

5、3，分数：10.00)IQuestions 11 -13 are based on the following passage. You now have 15 seconds to read questions 11- 13./I（分数：3.00）(1).The main problem people may encounter today arises from the fact that _.（分数：1.00）A.they have to learn new things consciouslyB.they lack the confidence of securing reliabl

6、e and trustworthy informationC.they have difficulty obtaining the needed information readilyD.they can hardly carry out casual communications with an extended family(2).From the passage we can infer that _.（分数：1.00）A.electronic mail will soon play a dominant role in transmitting messagesB.it will be

7、come more difficult for people to keep secrets in information eraC.people will spend less time holding meetings or conferencesD.events will be reported on the spot mainly through satellites(3).Why does the author use the saying “Knowledge is power“ in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.Because the saying is the

8、 truest of all other sayings.B.Because the author wants to emphasize the importance of the information explosion.C.Because knowledge is more important than power in the information era.D.Because knowledge equals to information in modern times.IQuestions 14 -16 are based on the following passage. You

9、 now have 15 seconds to read questions 14 -16./I（分数：3.00）(1).In 1990, the number of jobs having nothing to do with computers in the Unite States will be reduced to _.（分数：1.00）A.79 millionB.100 millionC.30 millionD.70 million(2).According to the author, the effective way to spread the use of computer

10、s is to teach _.（分数：1.00）A.how to use computersB.what computers useC.where computers can be usedD.how computers work(3).We can infer that _.（分数：1.00）A.computer will be easier to operateB.automobile will become comfortableC.illiteracy rate will be downD.computer will be installed in automobilesIQuest

11、ions 17-20 are based on the following passage. You now have 20 seconds to read questions 17-20./I（分数：4.00）(1).According to the passage, the credit card enables its owner to _.（分数：1.00）A.withdraw as much money from the bank as he wishesB.obtain more convenient services than ordinary people doC.enjoy

12、greater trust from the storekeeperD.cash money where he wishes to(2).The phrase “ring up sales“ most probably means _.（分数：1.00）A.make an order of goodsB.record sales on a cash registerC.call the sales managerD.keep track of the goods in stock(3).What is this passage mainly about?（分数：1.00）A.Approache

13、s to the commercial use of computers.B.Conveniences brought about by computers in business.C.Significance of automation in commercial enterprises.D.Advantage of credit cards in business.(4).It can be inferred that _.（分数：1.00）A.computers will bring disasterB.computer industry will not develop fasterC

14、computers will bring about more convenience to peoples lifeD.none四、BSection Use o(总题数：1，分数：20.00)It may be the last book youll ever buy. And certainly, from a U(21) /Ustandpoint, it will be the only book youll ever need. No, its not the Bible or some New Age tome U(22) /U enlightenment-although it

15、would let you carry U(23) /U both texts simultaneously. Its an electronic book-a U(24) /U volume that could contain a library of information or, if your tastes run U(25) /U whats current, every title on todays bestseller U(26) /U And when youre U(27) /U with those, you could refill it with new U(28)

16、 /UConvenience is its main U(29) /U and that means more than simple portability. Because the information is in electronic U(30) /U , it can be easily manipulated. You could, for instance, make the type larger for easier reading. Or you could make notes in the U(31) /U with a stylus your observations

17、 being U(32) /U on tiny, removable flash-memory card in the spine.It is likely that electronic books will come pre-loaded with a U(33) /U of titles. New titles could be made U(34) /U through flash-memory cards, for example, internet will be the delivery method of choice. Imagine browsing an online b

18、ookstore like www. Amazon. com, corn and downloading a novel U(35) /U your electronic book via the modem in its spine. U(36) /U Moby Dick would take about a minute. You could download a few titles, so youll have a few good reads to choose from while youre relaxing at the beach. If your first choice

19、is not to your U(37) /U , a new title becomes available U(38) /U the push of a button.An electronic book will be U(39) /U -around 200 for a basic read-only model to about 400 for one that would U(40) /U your margin scribbles. Some hurdles remain, though, before you can take an electric book with you

20、 anywhere.（分数：20.00）A.practicableB.feasibleC.workableD.practicalA.committingB.promisingC.guaranteeingD.assuringA.aroundB.outC.offD.overA.soleB.singleC.uniqueD.monotonousA.againstB.onC.towardD.overA.tableB.listC.orderD.scheduleA.doneB.fulfilledC.accomplishedD.achievedA.issuesB.titlesC.subjectsD.topic

21、sA.attractionB.temptationC.magnetismD.charmA.formulaB.formC.formatD.formationA.sideB.edgeC.borderD.marginA.inscribedB.storedC.recordedD.writtenA.selectionB.collectionC.electionD.optionA.usableB.availableC.serviceableD.obtainableA.intoB.ontoC.inD.toA.TransmittingB.TranslatingC.TransferringD.Transform

22、ingA.likelihoodB.likingC.likenessD.likeA.atB.uponC.withD.onA.adjustableB.availableC.affordableD.adaptableA.inscribeB.recordC.noteD.keep五、BSection Readi(总题数：4，分数：20.00)BPassage 1/BSoftware piracy problems exist and have been exacerbated in recent years due to IS overload, decentralized purchasing, bu

23、dget constraints, general user and corporate management attitudes, lack of knowledge of the copyright laws, and now Internet access. Most organizations have not managed their software very effectively. Determining the extent of the problem is a time-consuming process.The industrys response has been

24、to form trade associations to educate the public about the copyright law and to aggressively pursue pirates. Some of the largest PC companies have set up their own in-house programs to combat the problem.Corporate exposure is increasing due to the need to manage more machines, software and on-line a

25、nd Internet access. Civil and criminal penalties for copyright infringement have stiffened. As a result, trade association resources have increased significantly as well as calls to hotlines from unhappy employees due to corporate downsizing.When infringing software is reported, the company is at ri

26、sk of embarrassing litigation for copyright infringement. The company will most probably lose as the copyright holder usually has a “smoking gun“ based on reports from former employees or other whistle blowers. There is also the simple fact that no matter how hard the IS staff try, there are and alw

27、ays will be copies of software programs that cannot be validated by purchasing records. They come in from home, are created by otherwise conscientious employees trying to get their jobs done or just unauthorized copies by purchasing records. They come in unauthorized copies created by cost conscious

28、 managers and employees. Internet access only increases these problems as software is downloaded from sites worldwide.A software management program will reduce the risks from using counterfeit or copied software and help avoid damage from viruses and corrupt programs. By conducting an audit before i

29、nfringement is reported the corporation will reduce its exposure.It is easy to inventory software programs on any particular machine. However, matching the software to the licensing documents is no easy task. Interpreting the variety of software licenses takes familiarity with industry business and

30、licensing practices. Networks make the task much more complex. Internet access compounds the problem.Employers should set guidelines for when and how to download software and data from on-line services and the Internet. Most software vendors maintain on-line support and provide the ability to downlo

31、ad bug fixes and program updates. However, one bad virus can wreak havoc throughout a companys networks and shut down the whole system. Firewall technology that controls access to and from outside systems can help.Information systems staff should work with management to develop policies that reduce

32、risk but reflect the level of openness that suits a particular companys corporate culture.（分数：5.00）(1).This passage aims at providing advice to _.（分数：1.00）A.software companiesB.business companiesC.lawmakersD.corporate employees(2).What is the role of Internet in software piracy?（分数：1.00）A.It is a we

33、apon against software piracy.B.It is an accessory to software piracy.C.It is the most important cause of software piracy.D.It has nothing to do with software piracy.(3).“Smoking gun“ in the fourth paragraph means _.（分数：1.00）A.reports from former employeesB.irrefutable evidenceC.debtorD.trade associa

34、tions(4).The author believes that _.（分数：1.00）A.an audit before infringement will solve the problem of corporate exposure to software piracyB.employees should be encouraged to bring software from homeC.virus can be downloaded from the InternetD.software licenses are all similar(5).The author advises

35、information systems staff to work with management in making policies because _.（分数：1.00）A.they are in charge of making policiesB.they are responsible for avoidance of software piracyC.they are familiar with the companys corporate cultureD.they are frequently the actual wrong-doersBPassage 2/BThe mor

36、e time scientists spend designing computers, the more they marvel at the human brain. Tasks that stump the most advanced supercomputer-recognizing a face, reading a handwritten note-are childs play for the 3-lb. organ. Most important, unlike any conventional computer, the brain can learn from its mi

37、stakes. Researchers have tried for years to program computers to imitate the brains abilities, but without success. Now a growing number of designers believe they have the answer: if a computer is to function more like a person and less like an over-grown calculator, it must be built more like a bra

38、in, which distributes information across a vast interconnected web of nerve cells, or neurons.Conventional computers function by following a chainlike sequence of detailed instructions. Although very fast, their processors can perform only one task at a time. This approach works best in solving prob

39、lems that can be broken down into simpler logical pieces. The processors in a neural-network computer, by contrast, form a grid much like the nerve cells in the brain. Since these artificial neurons are interconnected, they can share information and perform tasks at the same time. This two-dimension

40、al approach works best at recognizing patterns.Instead of programming a neural-network computer to make decisions, its maker trains it to recognize the patterns in any solution to a problem by repeatedly feeding examples to the machine. This process is like a process that prepares all possible moves

41、 in a chess game and try to find a best approach to it. If the examples are not sufficient or complete, the computer will be in for trouble, after all, it can not respond to something it can not recognize as a pattern in its memory.Neural networks come in all shapes and size. The new networks will m

42、ake things which were simply impossible completely feasible in the near future. What the users need to do is to wait and see. Developers are experimenting with new equipment and hopefully they will succeed. Until now most existed as software simulations because redesigning computer chips took a lot

43、of time and money. By experimenting with different approaches through software rather than hardware, scientists have been able to avoid costly mistakes.（分数：5.00）(1).What does the word “stump“ in paragraph 1, line 2, mean?（分数：1.00）A.Catch.B.Baffle.C.Please.D.Force.(2).It can be inferred from the firs

44、t paragraph that the most advanced supercomputer _.（分数：1.00）A.can recognize a face and read a handwritten noteB.can learn from the pastC.cannot fail to imitate the human brains abilitiesD.cannot distribute information across all interconnected web of nerve cells(3).The main feature of a neural-netwo

45、rk computer is that _.（分数：1.00）A.its processors net is an interconnected web of neuronsB.it is programmed to make decisionsC.its networks are of all shapes and sizesD.its neurons are artificial(4).According to the passage, the expression “this two-dimensional approach“ in the last sentence of the se

46、cond paragraph refers to _.（分数：1.00）A.the conventional computer and the neural computerB.the lockstep approach and the artificial approachC.sharing information and performing tasksD.making decisions and recognizing patterns(5).Scientists use software rather than hardware in their experiment because

47、分数：1.00）A.it can adjoin redesigning computer chipsB.it can avoid making mistakesC.it can save a lot of time and moneyD.it can mimic the human brains abilitiesBPassage 3/BA new era is upon us. Call it what you will: the service economy, the information age, the knowledge society. It all translates

48、 to a fundamental change in the way we work. Already were partly there. The percentage of people who earn their living by making things has fallen dramatically in the Western World. Today the majority of jobs in America, Europe and Japan (two thirds or more in many of these countries) are in the service industry, and the number is on th