GRE-20及答案解析.doc

1、GRE-20及答案解析(总分：76.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BSECTION 1/B(总题数：16，分数：16.00)1.COMMENCEMENT: ADJOURNMEN :（分数：1.00）A.(A) sapphire: fissureB.(B) signal: frequencyC.(C) lasso: spliceD.(D) activity: dormancyE.(E) rule: rebellion2.SOLDIER: COUNTRY :（分数：1.00）A.(A) provost: studentB.(B) president: universityC.(C) bodygu

2、ard: individualD.(D) lawyer: courtE.(E) sheriff: crime3.The teacher has - catering to some students, but to retain his tenure, which effects only after a teacher has unanimously gratified his students, he offers his complaints -.（分数：1.00）A.(A) a hesitancy about . carelesslyB.(B) an aptitude for . sp

3、aringlyC.(C) a repugnance toward . tactfullyD.(D) an enthusiasm about . zealouslyE.(E) a blitheness about . carefully4.SCORNFUL: SNEER :（分数：1.00）A.(A) saturnine: groanB.(B) distressed: rejoiceC.(C) provoked: winkD.(D) embarrassed: blushE.(E) bewildered: wail5.The primary impulse of each human being

4、is to - himself, but the secondary impulse is to venture out of the self, to correct its provincialism and heal its loneliness.（分数：1.00）A.(A) sullyB.(B) actualizeC.(C) rejectD.(D) declareE.(E) withdraw6.Although scientists have long - the human appendix as - organ, there is a growing body of evidenc

5、e indicating that the appendix does in fact have a significant function as a part of the bodys immune system.（分数：1.00）A.(A) overestimated . a minorB.(B) discounted . a vestigialC.(C) valued . a majorD.(D) ignored . a pivotalE.(E) studied . an inaccessible7.AGENDA: MEETING :（分数：1.00）A.(A) chart: dest

6、inationB.(B) choreography: danceC.(C) verdict: juryD.(D) entremets: courseE.(E) prescription: component8.FILIBUSTER: POSTPONE :（分数：1.00）A.(A) spend: gambleB.(B) hoax: dupeC.(C) wheel: vauntD.(D) entice: attractE.(E) malign: criticize9.The monarch and his followers thought of the court as - how the k

7、ingdom ought to be, the harmonious expression of a larger social order centred on the monarch.（分数：1.00）A.(A) a miscalculation ofB.(B) irrelevant toC.(C) a microcosm ofD.(D) recognizable asE.(E) isometric to10.SCRIBBLE: DRAW :（分数：1.00）A.(A) imply: suggestB.(B) quibble: evadeC.(C) harmonize: playD.(D)

8、 chisel: engraveE.(E) babble: speak11.BUMPER: DAMAGING :（分数：1.00）A.(A) ballast: founderingB.(B) scale: comparingC.(C) buoy: navigatingD.(D) drill: extractingE.(E) hoist: cantilevering12.It is difficult to conceive how, even for those people well disposed to rule themselves, the attempt to achieve ha

9、ppiness should be rendered so - by one single curse, that of a bad form of government.（分数：1.00）A.(A) laudatoryB.(B) ineffectualC.(C) corruptD.(D) disorganizedE.(E) ill-tempered13.Current estimates put thirteen percent of global flora at risk of extinction, but this number does not include - plants f

10、rom tropical regions, where the majority of the worlds plants grow.（分数：1.00）A.(A) apocryphalB.(B) deciduousC.(C) rareD.(D) innumerableE.(E) vanished14.Even if the public ate up every - detail about their leaders, that same public grew offended that the news media would actually pander to their baser

11、 impulses.（分数：1.00）A.(A) mesmericB.(B) loftyC.(C) supineD.(D) resonantE.(E) lubricious15.PROTEAN: IMMUTABLE :（分数：1.00）A.(A) incipient: inchoateB.(B) slovenly: dapperC.(C) articulate: eloquentD.(D) vitiated: passiveE.(E) pious: agnostic16.PERORATION: SPEECH :（分数：1.00）A.(A) epic: stropheB.(B) luminanc

12、e: umbrageC.(C) epilogue: novelD.(D) rhythm: poemE.(E) image: picture二、BDirections: Eac(总题数：22，分数：22.00)17.It can be inferred from the passage that the author mentions the case of Holland and the Netherlands in order to（分数：1.00）A.(A) cite the case of a “primitive“ or “barbaric“ nation being distingu

13、ished from a “civilized“ nationB.(B) provide an example of a state whose borders do not perfectly coincide with those of a nationC.(C) offer an example of the characteristics of a nation being applied to a particular area of the nationD.(D) present a case of a single region being treated by historio

14、graphers as representative of an entire nationE.(E) describe the case of a nation whose cultural and political identities distinguish it from a contiguous state18.The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions?（分数：1.00）A.(A) What do historiographers consider to be th

15、e precise difference between a nation and a nation-state?B.(B) What concepts in the field of historiography are considered unambiguous?C.(C) Are tribal areas without national spatial markers ever represented as nations?D.(D) What is an example of a nation represented in supra-national units?E.(E) Ho

16、w does the establishment of national spatial boundaries produce political problems?19.ENDEMIC:（分数：1.00）A.(A) apparentB.(B) curableC.(C) superficialD.(D) alienE.(E) intermittent20.REDOUBTABLE:（分数：1.00）A.(A) mediocreB.(B) permanentC.(C) lucidD.(D) unavoidableE.(E) predictable21.QUANDARY:（分数：1.00）A.(A)

17、 concealed hostilityB.(B) certitudeC.(C) weak resistanceD.(D) slight panicE.(E) senseless rage22.In presenting his analysis, the author does all of the following EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.(A) Provide specific examples of the problems in historiographyB.(B) Describe some of the criteria employed in determinin

18、g what makes a nationC.(C) Question the adequacy of the historiographers present interpretation of spatial categoriesD.(D) Propose solutions to some the problems in historiographyE.(E) Make general statements without reference to specific examples23.According to the passage, behavioral psychologists

19、 studying the extinction process have discerned which of the following?（分数：1.00）A.(A) The exact length of time required for a fear response to become extinct in a human subjectB.(B) The effect of tone conditioning in comparison with other forms of stimuliC.(C) The possible effects of surgical operat

20、ions on the infralimbic corticeD.(D) The potential of tone conditioning in treating undesirable fear responsesE.(E) The limits of Pavlovs contribution to modern behavioral psychology24.The author mentions all of the following as examples of complications arising from the application of spatial marke

21、rs EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.(A) An area of a country smaller than the nation considers itself to be a nation.B.(B) A boundary is demarcated around a nation which does not include the people of the nation.C.(C) A continent is divided into two areas for implicit ideological purposes.D.(D) Two nations dispute

22、the exact geography of a border based on an ancient historical claim.E.(E) The history of a nation is erroneously conflated with the character of one particular region.25.IMPUDENT:（分数：1.00）A.(A) thoughtfulB.(B) convincingC.(C) developedD.(D) methodicalE.(E) deferential26.Which of the following best

23、states the main point of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.(A) The approach to the problem of spatial boundaries is plagued by a number of problems that historiographers are obliged to confront.B.(B) Historiographers can benefit from studying the traditional geography of nations in greater depth.C.(C) Historio

24、graphers should try to refrain from solving the practical issues that arise in the resolution of spatial boundary issues.D.(D) The categorization and demarcations of geography at the national level is more complicated than that of the sub-national or supra-national level.E.(E) The spatial demarcatio

25、n of nations is the most complicated issue in contemporary historiography.27.CARDINAL:（分数：1.00）A.(A) indefinableB.(B) diminutiveC.(C) understatedD.(D) inconsequentialE.(E) intangible28.ADULATION:（分数：1.00）A.(A) camouflageB.(B) defenseC.(C) purificationD.(D) cessationE.(E) vituperation29.SUBSTANTIATIO

26、N:（分数：1.00）A.(A) denunciationB.(B) illusionC.(C) oppositionD.(D) disproofE.(E) dispute30.RECANT:（分数：1.00）A.(A) replyB.(B) affirmC.(C) divulgeD.(D) directE.(E) suggest31.BANALITY:（分数：1.00）A.(A) creative statementB.(B) complex analysisC.(C) unprepared declarationD.(D) pithy explanationE.(E) precise re

27、presentation32.TAINTED:（分数：1.00）A.(A) obviousB.(B) numbC.(C) accessibleD.(D) wholesomeE.(E) shrilling33.The author of the passage suggests that historiographers should view history primarily as（分数：1.00）A.(A) a political conflict over spatial boundaries which can only be resolved through the input of

28、 historiographersB.(B) a chorus of conflicting voices whose dissonances cannot be resolved, but to which historiographers must listenC.(C) a field that complicates the assignment of geographic boundaries to the extent that such boundaries can never be resolvedD.(D) a conflict between nations whose s

29、overeignty historiographers have the duty to assessE.(E) a history of conflicts over spatial demarcation which are ultimately irrelevant to the truth of history34.ESTRANGEMENT:（分数：1.00）A.(A) ongoing discussionB.(B) disguiseC.(C) commotionD.(D) reconciliationE.(E) solace35.The author of the passage p

30、uts the word “savage“ and “barbarian“ (lines 9-10) in quotation marks most probably in order to（分数：1.00）A.(A) signal his reservations about the way these terms have been used to define geography through human categoriesB.(B) draw attention to the discrepancies between the way historiographers treat

31、the supra-national and sub-national levelsC.(C) emphasize historiographys unique tendency to rely upon social categories to draw geographic distinctionsD.(D) question the notion of the spatial marker itself by asserting the general ambiguity of these termsE.(E) argue for the replacement of these ter

32、ms by historiographers with more politically correct substitutes36.According to the passage, “infralimbic neurons . fire to the tone only when rats are recalling extinction on the following day“ (lines 7-9) for which of the following reasons?（分数：1.00）A.(A) Extinction has not been proven to erase the

33、 memory of fear conditioning in rats.B.(B) The extinction response requires a number of days to develop.C.(C) The subjects original fear response was not conditioned to a tone.D.(D) The infralimbic cortices carry the memory of fear extinction.E.(E) Rats that show the least fear demonstrate the great

34、est increase in infralimbic tone responses.37.Which of the following most accurately describes the passage?（分数：1.00）A.(A) A description of a replicable experimentB.(B) A summary report of new findingsC.(C) A recommendation for pursuing a new area of researchD.(D) A refutation of an earlier hypothesi

35、sE.(E) A confirmation of an earlier research38.It can be inferred that a rat with its infralimbic cortices destroyed would respond which of the following ways to a tone previously conditioned to induce a fear response? . It would demonstrate fear if extinction had occurred the previous day. . It wou

36、ld demonstrate fear if extinction had occurred earlier than the previous day. . It would demonstrate fear even if extinction had never occurred at all.（分数：1.00）A.(A) onlyB.(B) onlyC.(C) and onlyD.(D) and onlyE.(E) , , and 三、BSECTION 2/B(总题数：16，分数：16.00)39.LIGHT: COLOR :（分数：1.00）A.(A) radiation: temp

37、eratureB.(B) celerity: spanC.(C) quality: quantityD.(D) sound: pitchE.(E) strength: stress40.NADIR: ZENITH :（分数：1.00）A.(A) observation: phenomenonB.(B) travel: distanceC.(C) median: meanD.(D) abyss: summitE.(E) encomium: dismissal41.LIZARD: REPTILE :（分数：1.00）A.(A) daisy: daffodilB.(B) professor: aca

38、demyC.(C) officer: armyD.(D) violet: flowerE.(E) chlorine: alcohol42.Ancient people felt much - concerning the notion that the appearance of comets was inauspicious, but nevertheless exhibited - concerning the proper reaction to the phenomenon.（分数：1.00）A.(A) conviction . apprehensionB.(B) apathy. ig

39、noranceC.(C) disparity. discordD.(D) consensus . disagreementE.(E) suspicion. hesitancy43.An enthusiast of sprightly music, Mendler surprised us all by proclaiming the final piece on the concert program, a lugubrious - as his favorite.（分数：1.00）A.(A) ariaB.(B) dirgeC.(C) sonataD.(D) jigE.(E) overture

40、44.DROLL: LAUGH :（分数：1.00）A.(A) exclamatory: shriekB.(B) blushful: stammerC.(C) gruesome: quailD.(D) sly: simperE.(E) insipid: bore45.PRECIPITATION: HAIL :（分数：1.00）A.(A) bud: grassB.(B) shark: minnowC.(C) lecture: clamorD.(D) storm: cycloneE.(E) rain: height46.SPEAK: DRAWL :（分数：1.00）A.(A) eat: sipB.

41、(B) run: canterC.(C) lament: sighD.(D) gain: coverE.(E) look: glance47.The view that the yield of rice remains steady is by no means -,owing to the fact that yearly tempests overflowing Asia influence it in - manner.（分数：1.00）A.(A) uncertain . a capriciousB.(B) uncontested . a predictableC.(C) unreal

42、istic . a catastrophicD.(D) convincing . a redundantE.(E) infallible . an erratic48.PICTURE: COLLAGE :（分数：1.00）A.(A) commodity: trademarkB.(B) symbol: rebusC.(C) software: calculatorD.(D) membership: badgeE.(E) dose: instructions49.Smith is -, to the degree that he seldom disguises his contempt towa

43、rds - activities.（分数：1.00）A.(A) a firebrand . religiousB.(B) a dilettante . convivialC.(C) a philistine . intellectualD.(D) a misanthrope . individualisticE.(E) a plebian . common50.Throughout the 1940s, the director Orson Welles was considered something of - in the motion picture industry, as famou

44、s for his highly - personality as his inimitable cinematic genius.（分数：1.00）A.(A) an enigma . charismaticB.(B) a revolutionary . vapidC.(C) a leader . self-effacingD.(D) a martinet . imperiousE.(E) a prodigy . prolific51.OBSTACLE :IMPEDE :（分数：1.00）A.(A) diary: reminisceB.(B) blandishment: coaxC.(C) p

45、lan: economizeD.(D) request: imperilE.(E) drama: perform52.Performing rote memory exercises rarely improves the - of any given subject, but - may nevertheless be useful to the student preparing for an examination.（分数：1.00）A.(A) coherence. exercisesB.(B) clarity. heuristicsC.(C) comprehensibility . m

46、nemonicsD.(D) succinctness . explicationE.(E) volubility . summarization53.A rhetorician who spends so much of his time studying the famous - of logic is more than likely to produce a few self-evident statements of his own.（分数：1.00）A.(A) self-knotsB.(B) paradoxesC.(C) twistsD.(D) tautologiesE.(E) pl

47、atitudes54.CHURCH: SANCTUARY :（分数：1.00）A.(A) lounge: hotelB.(B) porch: mansionC.(C) stage: curtainD.(D) cavern: mountainE.(E) house: boudoir四、BDirections: Eac(总题数：22，分数：22.00)55.The tone of the author of the passage in describing theories of co-evolution can best be described as one of（分数：1.00）A.(A)

48、 appreciation of the theorys ability to explain the disappearance of certain carbohydrate-rich plant speciesB.(B) admiration for the theorys refutation of the seed-disbursal theory of the disappearance of the carbohydrate-rich plant speciesC.(C) skepticism toward the theorys ability to account for t

49、he evolution of trade relations between agriculturalists and foragersD.(D) annoyance at the theorys failure to account for such phenomenon as the success of the sago palmE.(E) concern that the theory may be insufficient to discredit the Headland Hypothesis56.According to the passage, the case of the Penan foragers cultivation of the sago palm fails to indicate that（分数：1.00）A.(A) a co-evolutionary ar