GRE-22及答案解析.doc

1、GRE-22及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1(总题数：8，分数：20.00)Sending a robot into space to gather information is a viable option, but should only be regarded as that-an option. Even the most technologically advanced robots cannot and should not replace manned missions to outer space. Certainly it is c

2、heaper and less dangerous to launch a computer probe that can gather reams of data, but often the information obtained by a machine only serves to produce more questions than it answers. Therefore, the space program should allow manned missions to follow up on those initial information-gathering rob

3、otic ventures. While manned missions are more costly than are unmanned missions, they are also more successful. Robots and astronauts use much of the same equipment in space, but a human is more capable of calibrating those instruments correctly and placing them in appropriate and useful positions.

4、A computer is often neither as sensitive nor as accurate as a human in managing the same terrain or environmental circumstances. Robots are also not as equipped as humans to solve problems as they arise, and robots often collect data that is not helpful or even desired. A human, on the other hand, c

5、an make instant decisions about what to explore further and what to ignore.（分数：3.00）(1).The passage supplies information to answer which of the following questions?（分数：1.00）A.What is the cost of launching a computer probe into space?B.What type of information can safely be ignored when exploring out

6、er space?C.How much information can a computer probe gather in outer space?D.What is the next level in space exploration?E.Are unmanned space missions more economical than manned space missions?(2).Select the sentence that offers potential advantages to using robots as information gatherers in space

7、分数：1.00）(3).According to the passage, all of the following are advantages of humans over robots EXCEPT（分数：1.00）A.humans can more accurately manage the data collectedB.humans can apply critical thinking skills to new situationsC.humans can only calibrate instruments designed by robotsD.humans are m

8、ore sensitive to environmental changesE.humans are better at preparing instrumentation for use in space1.Coffee seems to be one of the world“s biggest and most enduring passions, as coffee houses continue to pop up on every corner, each one sporting beans from multiple exotic and sometimes completel

9、y unfamiliar locations. Although usually referred to as coffee beans, they are actually closer to berries, which grow on bushes found on slopes several thousand feet above sea level in places like Brazil. The berries are soaked, dried, sorted, and finally roasted for various amounts of time, dependi

10、ng on how strong and dark the consumer prefers his coffee. Which of the following can be inferred from the overall process involved in preparing coffee beans?（分数：1.00）A.Coffee beans must be roasted longer than coffee berries.B.Soaking is the lengthiest step in the preparation process.C.Consumer pref

11、erence regarding the final strength and color of coffee varies.D.A consumer“s passion for coffee determines exactly how the beans are processed.E.The more exotic and unfamiliar the coffee bean, the longer it takes to prepare.For Questions 5 to 7, select one entry from the corresponding column of cho

12、ices for each blank. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the text.（分数：3.00）(1).Body language involves a combination of multiple facial _(i)_ and various physical positions to convey its unique _(ii)_ message. A. movements B. expressions C. appearances D. oral E. strident F. nonverbal（分数：1

13、00）(2).Although the scientist“s recommendations may have been _(i)_ , the students had trouble following his _(ii)_ presentation and were, therefore, against his proposal. A. absurd B. realistic C. ubiquitous D. organized E. empirical F. convoluted（分数：1.00）(3).The New Zealand Storm Petrel was a bir

14、d long thought _(i)_ , but in 2003 several birds were spotted for the first time in 150 years, apparently having _(ii)_ themselves on the predator-free Hauraki Islands during the _(iii)_ . A. extinct B. endangered C. dormant D. buried E. initiated F. secreted G. interim H. search I. extension（分数：1.0

15、0）By any measure, computers are among the most influential and powerful tools of the modern age. They represent the high-tech revolution that has transformed the ways in which human beings interact with each other and with the world at large. Seemingly, computers are the very definition of the moder

16、n era. Although modern computers have only been a part of our everyday world for a few decades, a discovery made just over a century ago found that the concept behind them is far older than anyone could have imagined. In fact, according to the experts who have studied an ancient Greek shipwreck, one

17、 particular “computer“ dates back more than 2,000 years. Made of metal, this mechanism is approximately the size of a shoebox. It was found in 1901 by divers working off the isle of Antikythera. Uncertain of the mechanism“s function, the divers naned it after the island near which it was found. At t

18、he time, the Antikythera was in terrible shape from being underwater for so long. Its pieces had merged into a broken mass and all experts could deduce was that it had something to do with astronomy. Recently, thanks to a combination of advanced imaging methods and x-ray computer tomography, scienti

19、sts have been able to re-create the possible design of the apparatus. The Antikythera mechanism once had at least 30 bronze gears with as many as 225 hand-cut teeth. Scientists believe it was designed to compute eclipses of the sun and moon a number of years into the future, as well as show the moti

20、ons of the planets. While experts are still uncertain as to why the device was made, there is no doubt that its technology was at least 1,000 years ahead of its time.（分数：4.00）(1).The primary purpose of the passage is to（分数：1.00）A.explain how computers were originally designedB.provide details on how

21、 to compute solar and lunar eclipsesC.introduce the concept of an ancient device with a modern applicationD.describe the discovery of a computer-like machine designed more than 2,000 years agoE.show how x-ray computer tomography has helped scientists explore ancient discoveries(2).The author of the

22、passage most likely mentions that the divers were uncertain as to the Antikythera“s function because（分数：1.00）A.it demonstrates that computers are not very important to people in today“s societyB.it reinforces the notion that computers are a tool of the modern ageC.it contradicts earlier theories reg

23、arding ancient technology(3).Select the sentence in the passage that presents an argument for the surprising and unusual nature of this discovery.（分数：1.00）(4).The passage suggests that, compared to modern computers, the Antikythera（分数：1.00）A.did not influence subsequent technological advancesB.did n

24、ot become obsolete within a short time of its creationC.did not confuse researchers2.Over the years there have been countless fans of the classic Hanna-Barbera cartoon character Yogi Bear. The cartoon series enjoyed by young and old alike revolved mostly around the misadventures of this loveable bea

25、r and his sidekick Boo-Boo as they attempted to snag “pic-a-nic“ baskets in the made-up land of Jellystone Park. It“s not often that people think about where the ideas for these cartoons characters came from, which brings up an interesting point: do bears actually search for food left in picnic bask

26、ets and unattended campsites? Anyone who has watched an episode of the classic cartoon can see that the bears“ behavior goes far beyond the limits of what is natural. The thing that must be explored, then, is which of those humorous antics were license on the part of Hanna-Barbera, and which were ac

27、tually based on a bear“s normal behaviors. The passage implies which of the following about the cartoon character Yogi Bear?（分数：1.00）A.Yogi“s behavior is based exclusively on that of wild bears.B.Yogi“s penchant for picnic baskets is purely fictional.C.Yogi“s humorous antics are not necessarily grou

28、nded in reality.D.Yogi“s behavioral patterns have been described extensively by naturalists.E.Yogi“s actions consistently mimic those of bears in the wild.3.For Question 13, select one entry from the corresponding column of choices for each blank. Fill all blanks in the way that best completes the t

29、ext. Many people suspect that _(i)_ humans are only a few inventions away since it is already possible to _(ii)_ many body parts with improvements made out of plastic and metal, and many key organs can be _(iii)_ from one body to another. A. artificial B. geriatric C. mortal D. articulate E. discard

30、 F. replace G. stabilized H. transferred I. filched （分数：1.00）There are few portraits in the world as famous as Leonardo da Vinci“s Mona Lisa, but the identity of the model for the legendary painting has been an enduring mystery for countless people. Now some experts believe that the young woman migh

31、t have been an Italian named Lisa Gherardini, the wife of an affluent silk merchant and government figure. Other researchers suspect it might have been Isabella of Aragon, the Duchess of Milan. Whoever she was, the mystery woman certainly gave the world one of its most mysterious smiles.（分数：2.00）(1)

32、Which of the following sentences can be inferred about the Mona Lisa painting from this passage?（分数：1.00）A.The model for the Mona Lisa was a very happy and kind woman.B.The Mona Lisa is one of the most well known portraits in the world.C.Leonardo da Vinci“s paintings all contained some kind of myst

33、ery in them.D.The painting was apparently supposed to be a present to the Duchess of Milan.E.Lisa Gherardini must have been a very patient person to sit for such a detailed portrait.(2).Which of the following statements about the portrait is supported by the passage?（分数：1.00）A.The portrait is the su

34、bject of ongoing controversy.B.The portrait was of a single unidentified woman.C.The portrait“s model was smiling as the picture was painted.For Questions 16 through 20, select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce com

35、pleted sentences that are alike in meaning.（分数：5.00）(1).The problem with activists is that far too often they merely the protection of various ecosystems, instead of taking a lead role in their management. A. circumvent B. abridge C. diversify D. advocate E. abhor F. support（分数：1.00）(2).When practic

36、ing with a bow and arrow, it is 1 to be aware of both the velocity and the trajectory of one“s arrows if one wishes to hit the target. A. irrelevant B. necessary C. conventional D. prudent E. detrimental F. insightful（分数：1.00）(3).As we traveled to college for the first time, the family car was 1 wit

37、h books, clothing, appliances, and other necessities. A. keen B. indigent C. barren D. pallid E. laden F. overflowing（分数：1.00）(4).The 1 of sediment in the river caused concern among environmentalists and industrialists alike; the water levels in the river were being reduced almost daily. A. accretio

38、n B. disposal C. depletion D. alienation E. ethnology F. accumulation（分数：1.00）(5).Running a marathon is an 1 task, taking months of both physical and mental preparation and training before actually running a grueling 26.2 miles. A. arduous B. ambiguous C. involuntary D. eloquent E. overt F. ambitiou

39、s（分数：1.00）二、SECTION 2(总题数：10，分数：20.00)For Questions 1 through 3, select the two answer choices that, when used to complete the sentence, fit the meaning of the sentence as a whole and produce completed sentences that are alike in meaning.（分数：3.00）(1).Because of his 1, Brian“s guests felt very welcom

40、e and comfortable staying at his house for the weekend. A. animosity B. hospitality C. determination D. wittiness E. severity F. receptiveness（分数：1.00）(2).Some of the earliest bicycles came equipped with solid wooden wheels that were annoyingly 1 to break or crack at the worst moment. A. fabricated

41、B. constructed C. prone D. unlikely E. debatable F. liable（分数：1.00）(3).Skin contains millions of sensory receptors which inform the brain, through electrical 1, when you have injured yourself. A. compulsions B. thrusts C. impulses D. signals E. flashes F. imitations（分数：1.00）Scientists believe that b

42、y raising atmospheric pressure and surface temperature, it is possible to transform the climate of Mars to the point where humans would be able to live there. The process by which a hostile or unsuitable environment is transformed into one that can sustain human life is called terraforming. In addit

43、ion to potentially providing an alternate home for the people of Earth in the future, this undertaking may also allow scientists to test hypotheses about the process of global warming, which is a highly pertinent issue affecting our planet today.（分数：2.00）(1).Which of the following can be inferred fr

44、om the passage regarding the Martian atmosphere?（分数：1.00）A.It has a lower pressure than Earth“s atmosphere.B.It has a higher surface temperature than Earth.C.It can most certainly be transformed to be more like Earth“s atmosphere.(2).The passage addresses which of the following consequences of terra

45、forming?（分数：1.00）A.The creation of a more hospitable planet.B.The risk of overpopulation.C.The elimination of suitable environments.D.The depletion of the atmosphere.E.The production of greenhouse gases.4.A baby polar bear named Knut at the Berlin Zoo is the epicenter of a debate about animal rights

46、 and the ethics of keeping animals in captivity. Knut and his brother were abandoned by their mother after being born at the zoo. Knut“s sibling died, and Knut himself would have died as well, had the zoo officials not intervened. The zoo workers have been bottle-feeding the bear, and providing it w

47、ith nourishment and care. Yet certain animal-rights activists say that the bear would have been better off dead than raised by humans, and some go as far as to say that Knut should be killed. They believe that the current treatment of the bear is inhumane, and will lead to future difficulty for Knut

48、 in interacting with other polar bears. They argue that since the mother rejected the cub, the zoo workers should have abided by the laws of nature, and the cub should have been allowed to die. Others have argued that in light of the fact that polar bears are an endangered species, it makes sense to

49、 keep as many bears as possible alive in captivity so that they can breed. The author mentions animal-rights activists in order to（分数：1.00）A.explain how Knut became an orphanB.exonerate the zoo workersC.depict Knut“s caretakers as unprofessionalD.foster the impression that polar bear“s cannot exist in the wildE.point out a counterargument to the zoo“s positionThe male/female gender binary dominates Western culture, yet it is far from universal. For example, in India you might encounter a “hijra“-a member of the third sex. They are considered neither man nor woman. Althoug