GRE-练习一及答案解析.doc

1、GRE-练习一及答案解析(总分：58.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1VERBAL ABI(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Select the best answ(总题数：3，分数：6.00)Directions: In each of the following antonym questions, a word printed in capital letters precedes five lettered words or phrases. From these five lettered words or phrases, pick the one most ne

2、arly opposite in meaning to the capitalized word.（分数：2.00）(1).PRODIGAL:（分数：1.00）A.nomadB.sycophantC.gifted childD.economical personE.(E) antagonist(2).ARTIFICE:（分数：1.00）A.edificeB.sincerityC.prejudiceD.creativityE.(E) affirmationDirections: Each of the following sentence completion questions contain

3、s one or two blanks. These blanks signify that a word or set of words has been left out. Below each sentence are five words or sets of words. For each blank, pick the word or set of words that best reflects the sentences over- all meaning.（分数：2.00）(1).The earth is a planet bathed in light; it is the

4、refore _that many of the living organisms that have evolved on the earth have_the biologically advantageous capacity to trap light energy.（分数：1.00）A.anomalous.engenderedB.unsurprising.developedC.predictable. forfeitedD.problematic.exhibitedE.(E) expectable.relinquished(2).Relatively few politicians

5、willingly forsake center stage, although a touch of _ on their parts now and again might well increase their popularity with the voting public.（分数：1.00）A.garrulityB.misanthropyC.self-effacementD.self-dramatizationE.(E) self-doubtDirections: Each of the following analogy questions presents a related

6、pair of words linked by a colon. Five lettered pairs of words follow the linked pair. Choose the lettered pair of words whose relationship is most like the relationship expressed in the original linked pair.（分数：2.00）(1).CIRCUITOUS : ROUTE :（分数：1.00）A.problematic : solutionB.devious : argumentC.ellip

7、tical : brevityD.judicious : selectionE.(E) profound : depth(2).HELPFUL : OFFICIOUS :（分数：1.00）A.dutiful: assiduousB.effusive : gushingC.gullible :incredulousD.enigmatic : dumbfoundedE.(E) deferential : sycophantic三、Directions: Each of (总题数：10，分数：24.00)Jamess first novels used conventional narra-tive

8、 techniques: explicit characterization, actionwhich related events in distinctly phased sequences,Line settings firmly outlined and specifically described.(5) But this method gradually gave way to a subtler,more deliberate, more diffuse style of accumula-tion of minutely discriminated details whose

9、totalsignificance the reader can grasp only by constantattention and sensitive inference. His later novels(10) play down scenes of abrupt and prominent action,and do not so much offer a succession of sharpshocks as slow piecemeal additions of perception.The curtain is not suddenly drawn back fromshr

10、ouded things, but is slowly moved away.(15) Such a technique is suited to Jamess essentialsubject, which is not human action itself but thestates of mind which produce and are producedby human actions and interactions. James wasless interested in what characters do, than in the(20) moral and psychol

11、ogical antecedents, realizations,and consequences which attend their doings. Thisis why he more often speaks of “cases“ than ofactions. His stories, therefore, grow more andmore lengthy while the actions they relate grow(25) simpler and less visible; not because they arecrammed with adventitious and

12、 secondary events,digressive relief, or supernumerary characters, asoverstuffed novels of action are; but because hepresents in such exhaustive detail every nuance of(30) his situation. Commonly the interest of a novel isin the variety and excitement of visible actionsbuilding up to a climactic even

13、t which will settlethe outward destinies of characters with storybookpromise of permanence. A James novel, however,(35) possesses its characteristic interest in carrying thereader through a rich analysis of the mentaladjustments of characters to the realities of theirpersonal situations as they are

14、slowly revealed tothem through exploration and chance discovery.（分数：3.00）(1).The passage supplies information for answering which of the following questions?（分数：1.00）A.Did James originate the so-called psychological novel?B.Is conventional narrative technique strictly chronological in recounting act

15、ion?C.Can novels lacking overtly dramatic incident sustain the readers interest?D.Were Jamess later novels more acceptable to the general public than his earlier ones?E.(E) Is James unique in his predilection for exploring psychological nuances of character?(2).According to the passage, Jamess later

16、 novels differ from his earlier ones in their（分数：1.00）A.preoccupation with specifically described settingsB.ever-increasing concision and tautness of plotC.levels of moral and psychological complexityD.development of rising action to a climaxE.(E) subordination of psychological exploration to dramat

17、ic effect(3).The authors attitude toward the novel of action appears to be one of（分数：1.00）A.pointed indignationB.detached neutralityC.sharp derisionD.strong partisanshipE.(E) mild disapprobationAntonyms（分数：2.00）(1).EQUIVOCATE:（分数：1.00）A.yieldB.distinguishC.condescendD.pledgeE.(E) denounce(2).OPULENC

18、E:（分数：1.00）A.transienceB.penuryC.solitudeD.generosityE.(E) transparencyAnalogies（分数：3.00）(1).EPHEMERAL: PERMANENCE:（分数：1.00）A.erratic: predictabilityB.immaculate: cleanlinessC.commendable: reputationD.spurious: emulationE.(E) mandatory: obedience(2).NONPLUSSED: BAFFLEMENT:（分数：1.00）A.discomfited: emb

19、arrassmentB.parsimonious: extravaganceC.disgruntled: contentmentD.despicable: contemptE.(E) surly: harassment(3).OGLE: OBSERVE:（分数：1.00）A.haggle: outbidB.clamor: disputeC.discern: perceiveD.flaunt: displayE.(E) glare: glowerSentence Completion（分数：2.00）(1).It may be useful to think of character in fi

20、ction as a function of two _ impulses: the impulse to individualize and the impulse to _.（分数：1.00）A.analogous.humanizeB.disparate.aggrandizeC.divergent.typifyD.comparable.delineateE.(E) related.moralize(2).There are any number of theories to explain these events and, since even the experts disagree,

21、 it is _ the rest of us in our role as responsible scholars to _ dogmatic statements.（分数：1.00）A.paradoxical for.abstain fromB.arrogant pensate withC.incumbent on.refrain fromD.opportune for.quarrel overE.(E) appropriate for.issue forthReading ComprehensionAccording to the theory of plate tectonics,

22、the lithosphere (earths relatively hard and solid outer layer consisting of the crust and part of the under-Line lying mantle) is divided into a few dozen plates(5) that vary in size and shape; in general, theseplates move in relation to one another. Theymove away from one another at a mid-oceanridg

23、e, a long chain of sub-oceanic mountains thatforms a boundary between plates. At a mid-ocean(10) ridge, new lithospheric material in the form of hotmagma pushes up from the earths interior. Theinjection of this new lithospheric material frombelow causes the phenomenon known as sea-floorspreading.(15

24、) Given that the earth is not expanding in size toany appreciable degree, how can “new“ litho-sphere be created at a mid-ocean ridge? For newlithosphere to come into being in one region, anequal amount of lithospheric material must ,be(20) destroyed somewhere else. This destruction takesplace at a b

25、oundary between plates called a sub-duction zone. At a subduction zone, one plate ispushed down under another into the red-hotmantle, where over a span of millions of years it(25) is absorbed into the mantle.In the early 1960s, well before scientists hadformulated the theory of plate tectonics, Prin

26、cetonUniversity professor Harry H. Hess proposed theconcept of sea-floor spreading. Hesss original(30) hypothesis described the creation and spread ofocean floor by means of the upwelling and cool-ing of magma from the earths interior. Hess,however, did not mention rigid lithosphericplates. The subs

27、equent discovery that the oceanic(35) crust contains evidence of periodic reversals ofthe earths magnetic field helped confirm Hessshypothesis. According to the explanation formu-lated by Princetons F. J. Vine and D. H.Matthews, whenever magma wells up under a(40) mid-ocean ridge, the ferromagnetic

28、minerals with-in the magma become magnetized in the directionof the geomagnetic field. As the magma cools andhardens into rock, the direction and the polarity ofthe geometric field are recorded in the magnetized(45) volcanic rock. Thus, when reversals of the earthsmagnetic field occur, as they do at

29、 intervals offrom 10,000 to around a million years, they pro-duce a series of magnetic stripes paralleling theaxis of the rift. Thus, the oceanic crust is like a(50) magnetic tape recording, but instead of preservingsounds or visual images, it preserves the historyof earths geomagnetic field. The bo

30、undariesbetween stripes reflect reversals of the magneticfield; these reversals can be dated independently.(55) Given this information, geologists can deduce therate of sea-floor spreading from the width of thestripes. (Geologists, however, have yet to solvethe mystery of exactly how the earths magn

31、eticfield comes to reverse itself periodically.)（分数：3.00）(1).According to the passage, a mid-ocean ridge differs from a subduction zone in that（分数：1.00）A.it marks the boundary line between neighboring platesB.only the former is located on the ocean floorC.it is a site for the emergence of new litho-

32、 spheric materialD.the former periodically disrupts the earths geomagnetic fieldE.(E) it is involved with lithospheric destruction rather than lithospheric creation(2).It can be inferred from the passage that as new lithospheric material is injected from below（分数：1.00）A.the plates become immobilized

33、 in a kind of gridlockB.it is incorporated into an underwater mountain ridgeC.the earths total mass is alteredD.it reverses its magnetic polarityE.(E) the immediately adjacent plates sink(3).According to the passage, lithospheric material at the site of a subduction zone（分数：1.00）A.rises and is polar

34、izedB.sinks and is reincorporatedC.slides and is injectedD.spreads and is absorbedE.(E) diverges and is consumedAntonyms（分数：3.00）(1).HONE:（分数：1.00）A.broadenB.twistC.dullD.weldE.(E) break(2).PHLEGMATIC:（分数：1.00）A.dogmaticB.ardentC.haphazardD.self-assuredE.(E) abstracted(3).BANALITY:（分数：1.00）A.tentati

35、ve interpretationB.concise summationC.accurate delineationD.laudatory remarkE.(E) novel expressionAnalogies（分数：2.00）(1).THIRST : DRIVE :（分数：1.00）A.inebriety: excessB.success : ambitionC.indifference : passionD.taste : gustoE.(E) smell : sense(2).SKULDUGGERY : SWINDLER :（分数：1.00）A.surgery : quackB.qu

36、andary : cravenC.chicanery : tricksterD.forgery: speculatorE.(E) cutlery : butcherSentence Completion（分数：2.00）(1).According to one optimistic hypothesis, the dense concentration of entrepreneurs and services in the cities would incubate new functions, _ them, and finally export them to other areas,

37、and so the cities, forever breeding fresh ideas, would _themselves repeatedly.（分数：1.00）A.immunize.perpetuateB.isolate.revitalizeC.foster.depleteD.spawn.imitateE.(E) nurture.renew(2).Man is a _ animal, and much more so in his mind than in his body: he may like to go alone for a walk, but he hates to

38、stand alone in his（分数：1.00）A.gregarious.opinionsB.conceited.vanityC.singular.uniquenessD.solitary.thoughtsE.(E) nomadic.footstepsAntonyms（分数：2.00）(1).ERUDITE:（分数：1.00）A.unhealthyB.ignorantC.impoliteD.indifferentE.(E) imprecise(2).EFFRONTERY:（分数：1.00）A.obscurityB.indolenceC.separationD.diffidenceE.(E

39、) fluctuationReading ComprehensionThe stability that had marked the IroquoisConfederacys generally pro-British position wasshattered with the overthrow of James in 1688,Line. the colonial uprisings that followed in(5) Massachusetts, New York, and Maryland, and thecommencement of King Williams War ag

40、ainstLouis XIV of France. The increasing Frenchthreat to English hegemony in the interior ofNorth America was signalized by French-led or(10) French-inspired attacks on the Iroquois and onoutlying colonial settlements in New York andNew England. The high point of the Iroquoisresponse was the spectac

41、ular raid of August 5,1689, in which the Iroquois virtually wiped out(15) the French village of Lachine, just outsideMontreal. A counterraid by the French on theEnglish village of Schenectady in March, 1690,instilled an appropriate measure of fear among theEnglish and their Iroquois allies.(2O) The

42、Iroquois position at the end of the war,which was formalized by treaties made during thesummer of 1701 with the British and the French,and which was maintained throughout most of theeighteenth century, was one of “aggressive neu-(25) trality“ between the two competing Europeanpowers. Under the new s

43、ystem the Iroquois ini-tiated a peace policy toward the “far Indians,“tightened their control over the nearby tribes, andinduced both English and French to support their(30) neutrality toward the European powers by appro-priate gifts and concessions.By holding the balance of power in thesparsely set

44、tled borderlands between English andFrench settlements, and by their willingness to(35) use their power against one or the other nation ifnot appropriately treated, the Iroquois played thegame of European power politics with effective-ness. The system broke down, however, after theFrench became conv

45、inced that the Iroquois were(40) compromising the system in favor of the Englishand launched a full-scale attempt to establishFrench physical and juridical presence in theOhio Valley, the heart of the borderlands longclaimed by the Iroquois. As a consequence of the(45) ensuing Great War for Empire,

46、in which Iroquoisneutrality was dissolved and European influencemoved closer, the play-off system lost its efficacyand a system of direct bargaining supplanted it.（分数：2.00）(1).The authors primary purpose in this passage is to（分数：1.00）A.denounce the imperialistic policies of the FrenchB.disprove the

47、charges of barbarism made against the Indian nationsC.expose the French governments exploitation of the Iroquois balance of powerD.describe and assess the effect of European military power on the policy of an Indian nationE.(E) show the inability of the Iroquois to engage in European-style diplomacy

48、2).With which of the following statements would the author be LEAST likely to agree?（分数：1.00）A.The Iroquois were able to respond effectively to French acts of aggression.B.James s removal from the throne caused dissension to break out among the colonies.C.The French begrudged the British their alle

49、ged high standing among the Iroquois.D.Iroquois negotiations involved playing one side against the other.E.(E) The Iroquois ceased to hold the balance of power early in the eighteenth century.四、SECTION 2QUANTITATI(总题数：17，分数：28.00)（分数：4.00）A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.A.B.C.D.1.In the figure at the right, what is the value of a + b + c?（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.E.2.Of the 200 seniors at Monroe High School, exactly 40 are in the band, 60 are in the orchestra, and 10 are in both. How many students are in neither the ba