IELTS(雅思)15及答案解析.doc

1、IELTS(雅思)15 及答案解析(总分：9.93，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Listening Module(总题数：4，分数：4.00)Librarian need is some sort of identification with the womans (21) 1 and (22) 2. The identification the woman used is (23) 3. The woman can take (24) 4out at a time and she also get (25) 5to take out magazines or periodicals. （分数

2、1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_(11) 1（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_(4).suitable for people who like living high up（分数：0.10）A.the BarbicanB.St Johns WoodC.Battersea(5).has a walled garden（分数：0.10）A.the BarbicanB.St Johns WoodC.Battersea(6).get a wonderful

3、view of the Thames（分数：0.10）A.the BarbicanB.St Johns WoodC.Battersea(7).quiet in the evening（分数：0.10）A.the BarbicanB.St Johns WoodC.Battersea(8).near Londons theatres and shops（分数：0.10）A.the BarbicanB.St Johns WoodC.Battersea(9).for people prefer grand mansions to garden（分数：0.10）A.the BarbicanB.St Jo

4、hns WoodC.Battersea(10).favored mostly by upper-middle class families（分数：0.10）A.the BarbicanB.St Johns WoodC.BatterseaThe benefits of the social recognition of marriage for children are: (31) 1. Become a membership of a (32) 2. Have indication of who must support them and their mother. V（分数：1.00）填空项

5、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_The advantages of an after the act operation is: (31) 1 (32) 2 (33) 3easily Only (34) 4of large firms and (35) 5of small firms have a standard raw material inspection procedure. This testing of a products effect must assess the impac

6、t of both ( 36 ) 6and (37) 7. （分数：1.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_A.87%B.80%C.35%A.individual trade.B.industry associations.C.both A and BA.have a set of standards which adhere to national requirements.B.have adopted standards in line with SAA.C.represent some of Australias maj

7、or exporters.二、Reading Module(总题数：3，分数：3.00)The road to invention Big companies have a big problem with innovation. This was most vividly described by Clayton Christensen, a Harvard Business School professor, in his book, “The Innovators Dilemma“ (Harvard Business School Press, 1997). Few conversati

8、ons about innovation take place without reference to this influential work. The Oxford English Dictionary defines innovation as “making changes to something established“. Invention, by contrast, is the act of “coming upon or finding: discovery“. Whereas inventors stumble across or make new things, “

9、innovators try to change the status quo,“ says Bhaskar Chakravorti of the Monitor Group, another consulting firm, “which is why markets resist them. “ Innovations frequently disrupt the way that companies do things (and may have been doing them for years). It is not just markets that resist innovati

10、on. Michael Hammer, co-author of another important business book (“Re-engineering the Corporation“, HarperCollins) quotes the example of a PC-maker that set out to imitate Dells famous “Build-to-Order“ system of computer assembly. The company found that its attempts were frustrated not just by its h

11、ead of manufacturing, who feared it would lead to most of his demesne, including his job, being outsourced, but also by the head of marketing, who did not want to upset his existing retail outlets. So the innovative proposal got nowhere. Dell continued to dominate the business. Mr. Christensen descr

12、ibed how “disruptive innovation“ simpler, cheaper and more convenient products that seriously upset the status quo can herald the rapid downfall of well-established and successful businesses. This, he argues, is because most organizations are designed to grow through “sustaining innovations“-the sor

13、t, like Gillettes vibrating razor, that do no more than improve on existing products for existing markets. When they are hit by a disruptive innovation as IBM was by the invention of the personal computer and as numerous national airlines have been by low-cost carriers they are in danger of being bl

14、asted out of their market. This message found a ready audience, coming as it did just as giant businesses from banking to retailing, and from insurance to auction houses, were being told that some as-yet-unformed dotcom was about to knock them off their pedestal. （分数：0.96）(1). For big companies, the

15、re is a big problem with (1) 1. According to The Oxford English Dictionary, (2) 2 means “making changes to something established“. (3) 3 innovation not only adapt to markets. Mr. christensen (4) 4 how “disruptive innovation“ simpler, cheaper and more (5) 5 products that seriously upset the status qu

16、o can herald the rapid (6) 6 of well-established and successful business. As we know, Pells “Build-to-order“ system of computer is famous. When a (7) 7 innovation hit them as IBM was hit by the invention of the personal computer and low-lost (8) 8 hit (9) 9 national airlines, as a result they are fa

17、cing the danger of (10) 10 out of their market. This message found a ready (11) 11, coming as it did like giant business from banking to retailing, from insurance to auction houses. Its said that some as-yet-unformed dotcom was on the point of (12) 12 them off their pedestal.（分数：0.08）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填

18、空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_A serious contest A Like the combatants in a beat-me-up video game, the makers of videogames consoles do battle in orderly rounds, one of which occurs every five or six years. The current round began in 2000, when Sony launched Pla

19、yStation 2. In 2001 Nintendo, the firm that once ruled the industry, launched the Game Cube, and Microsoft made its first foray into the cut-throat market with the Xbox. Four years on, Sony is the clear winner, with sales of 70 million consoles, followed by Microsoft with 14 million and Nintendo wit

20、h 13 million. Next week, the industrys biggest trade show, E3, which takes place in Los Angeles, will provide the first glimpses of the next round. It is expected to be a brutal two-way fight. For, after a difficult start, Microsoft has now established itself as Sonys main rival, and is gaining mome

21、ntum. Most important, it has won the crucial support of games publishers, says Nick Gibson of Games Investor, a consultancy. That means Microsoft will “pretty much be neck and neck with Sony“ in the next round. Nintendo, by contrast, has been less successful at keeping publishers on board, and has s

22、urvived thanks only to the strength of its in-house software business. B Xbox Live, Microsofts subscription-based online-gaming service, has also been well received. It provides features, such as global player rankings, that Sony cannot match. And although online gaming is still a minority sport, it

23、 is expected to be far more significant in the next round, as broadband connections and wireless home networks become more widespread. By signing up customers for Xbox Live now, Microsoft hopes to retain their loyalty into the next round. But perhaps cleverest of all is Microsofts new software-devel

24、opment platform for games, called XNA, a set of software tools that can be used to write games for PCs, Xbox and the forthcoming Xbox 2. According to Robbie Bach, Microsofts “chief Xbox officer“, insulating programmers from the underlying complexity of the console hardware “creates huge cost efficie

25、ncy and flexibility. “ While Microsoft will probably not unveil the Xbox 2 at E3, says P.J. McNealy, an analyst at American Technology Research, the XNA tools will enable the firm to demonstrate the kind of things that will be possible on Xbox 2 when it appears. C The contrast with Sony is striking.

26、 While Microsoft is focusing on software, Sony is emphasizing hardware innovation for its PlayStation 3. Its plan, which it has yet to describe fully, is to use a new kind of chip, called Cell, as the basis for both the PlayStation 3 and its consumer-electronics devices, such as DVD players. With mu

27、ltiple Cell chips working in parallel, the PlayStation 3 will be a powerful machine. But its radical new architecture will require games programmers to start from scratch. In the meantime, Sony is trying to keep developers focused on the PlayStation 2. D Microsoft senses an opportunity. It is widely

28、 expected to steal a march on Sony by launching the Xbox 2 towards the end of next year, kicking off the next round before Sony is ready. “Microsoft has taken the gloves off,“ says Mr. McNealy. The PlayStation 3 is not expected until early 2006, and even then only in Japan; analysts do not expect th

29、e worldwide launch until late 2006. (Nintendos successor to the Game Cube is also expected in 2006.) Last time around, Sonys 18-month head start and Microsofts status as the industrys newcomer meant that the Xbox never had a chance of catching up with PlayStation 2; it was always going to be just a

30、trial run for Microsoft. But now Sony and Microsoft look evenly matched and the battle can begin in earnest. Questions 17-20 Below is a list of headings, choose the most suitable choices for parts (AD) and write the appropriate numbers (i-v) on your answer sheet. NB: There are more headings than you

31、 need so you will not use all of them and you may use any heading more than once. List of Heading i. Sony focus on hardware innovation ii. Microsofts offensive iii. Who will win in the future? iv. furious competition in video-game consoles v. Nintendos failure in competition （分数：0.99）(1).Part A（分数：0

32、09）填空项 1:_(2).Part B（分数：0.09）填空项 1:_(3).Part C（分数：0.09）填空项 1:_(4).Part D（分数：0.09）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_NHS chief praises fall in waiting list times The National Health Service could hit its most politically sensitive target early, Sir Nigel Crisp, the NHS chief exe

33、cutive, said on Friday. In his most bullish annual report since taking office four years ago, Sir Nigel said waiting times were falling faster and further than ever before, quality was improving and services were being redesigned. And productivity hard though it is to measure was improving, he said.

34、 “Something big is happening within the NHS,“ Sir Nigel said, as the government reported that it had reached its target in March with only 48 patients waiting more than nine months for an operation. The maximum wait for an out-patient appointment is down to 17 weeks from 21 weeks a year ago. Just ov

35、er 40,000 are now waiting over 13 weeks for an appointment against 400,000 in March 2000. The service has also reduced by almost 60,000 the number of people waiting between six and nine months for in-patient procedures. The reduction seems to suggest that genuine changes are taking place in the way

36、the NHS is organising services to make them more efficient rather than simply achieving the shorter maximum waits by “tail-gunning“ the end of the waiting list. What is as yet missing is robust data to show that average waits are also starting to fall significantly. “Not only are we hitting all of o

37、ur targets in order to speed up patient care, but by reforming the way we work we are also improving the quality of patients care,“ Sir Nigel said. “The NHS is using the extra funding“ an extra 6bn. last year “to good effect, with major improvements in quality and quantity“. With extra capacity in t

38、reatment centres due to start coming online it was possible that the NHS would hit the target of having no-one wait for more than six months, once on a waiting list, ahead of December next year. Although the figures are not as robust as those used to measure hospital activity, Sir Nigel said it was

39、clear more treatment was being provided outside hospitals, in a quicker and more convenient way for patients. Evidence for that includes the number of patients referred to hospital by GPs remaining almost flat last year while a 21 million increase in the bill for modern drugs to counter heart failur

40、e has brought an estimated reduction of 20,000 hospital admissions. With a big government review under way on how to measure productivity in the public services, Sir Nigel said the NHS still lacked “an adequate way of measuring overall productivity“, but indicated there were clear improvements in th

41、e productivity of individual services. （分数：0.98）(1).What does NHS stand for?（分数：0.07）填空项 1:_(2).In March, how many patients waited more than nine months for an operation?（分数：0.07）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_三、Writing Module(总题数：1，分数：1.00

42、)1.The diagram below shows FAO projections of world fishery production in 2010. Write a report describing the informal ion present below. You should write at least 150 words. （分数：1.00）_2.You should spend no more than 40 minutes on this task. Some day one would go to a football or a baseball game and

43、 wonder how the players do so well in the games. Do they go to the gym and work out or do they take steroids? Drugs in many ways can help someone; in others it may harm them. Someone suggest that drugs should be legal in sports. What is your opinion? （分数：-1.00）_五、Speaking Module(总题数：3，分数：3.00)3.1. W

44、hat kind of sports do you like? 2. Do people around you like sports? /Do the people in your city like sports? What sports do they like? 3. What can we get from sports? /What are the benefits from sports? （分数：1.00）_4.Part 2 Describe a piece of equipment. What is it? How is it used? How often do you use it? How important is it to you? （分数：1.00）_5.Describe your best friend. How did you become friends? How long have you known each other? How do you spend time together? Explain why he/she is your best friend? （分数：1.00）_