大学六级-1619及答案解析.doc

1、大学六级-1619 及答案解析(总分：747.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.名人代言现象普遍2名人代言存在一些问题3你的看法On Celebrity Working as Products Spokesperson_（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)Supersize SurpriseAsk anyone why there is an obesity epidemic and they will tell you that its all down to eating

2、 too much and burning too few calories. That explanation appeals to common sense and has dominated efforts to get to the root of the obesity epidemic and reverse it. Yet obesity researchers are increasingly dissatisfied with it. Many now believe that something else must have changed in our environme

3、nt to precipitate (促成) such dramatic rises in obesity over the past 40 years or so. Nobody is saying that the “big two“-reduced physical activity and increased availability of food-are not important contributors to the epidemic, but they cannot explain it all.Earlier this year a review paper by 20 o

4、besity experts set out the 7 most plausible alternative explanations for the epidemic. Here they are.1. Not enough sleepIt is widely believed that sleep is for the brain, not the body. Could a shortage of shut-eye also be helping to make us fat?Several large-scale studies suggest there may be a link

5、. People who sleep less than 7 hours a night tend to have a higher body mass index than people who sleep more, according to data gathered by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Similarly, the US Nurses Health Study, which tracked 68,000 women for 16 years, found that those who s

6、lept an average of 5 hours a night gained more weight during the study period than women who slept 6 hours, who in turn gained more than those who slept 7.Its well known that obesity impairs sleep, so perhaps people get fat first and sleep less afterwards. But the nurses study suggests that it can w

7、ork in the other direction too: sleep loss may precipitate weight gain.Although getting figures is difficult, it appears that we really are sleeping less. In 1960 people in the US slept an average of 8.5 hours per night. A 2002 poll by the National Sleep Foundation suggests that the average has fall

8、en to under 7 hours, and the decline is mirrored by the increase in obesity.2. Climate controlWe humans, like all warm-blooded animals, can keep our core body temperatures pretty much constant regardless of whats going on in the world around us. We do this by altering our metabolic (新陈代谢) rate, shiv

9、ering or sweating. Keeping warm and staying cool take energy unless we are in the “thermo-neutral zone“, which is increasingly where we choose to live and work.There is no denying that ambient temperatures (环境法度) have change in the past few decades. Between 1970 and 2000, the average British home wa

10、rmed from a chilly 13 to 18. In the US, the changes have been at the other end of the thermometer as the proportion of homes with air conditioning rose from 23% to 47% between 1978 and 1997. In the southern states-where obesity rates tend to be highest-the number of houses with air conditioning has

11、shot up to 70% from 37% in 1978.Could air conditioning in summer and heating in winter really make a difference to our weight? Sadly, there is some evidence that it does-at least with regard to heating. Studies show that in comfortable temperatures we use less energy.3. Less smokingBad news: smokers

12、 really do tend to be thinner than the rest of us, and quitting really does pack on the pounds, though no one is sure why. It probably has something to do with the fact that nicotine (尼古本) is an appetite suppressant and appears to up your metabolic rate.Katherine Flegal and colleagues at the US Nati

13、onal Center for Health Statistics in Hyattsville, Maryland, have calculated that people kicking the habit have been responsible for a small but significant portion of the US epidemic of fatness. From data collected around 1991 by the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, they worked o

14、ut that people who had quit in the previous decade were much more likely to be overweight than smokers and people who had never smoked. Among men, for example, nearly half of quitters were overweight compared with 37% of non-smokers and only 28% of smokers.4. Genetic effectsYour chances of becoming

15、fat may be set, at least in part, before you were even born. Children of obese mothers are much more likely to become obese themselves later in life. Offspring of mice fed a high-fat diet during pregnancy are much more likely to become fat than the offspring of identical mice fed a normal diet. Intr

16、iguingly, the effect persists for two or three generations. Grand-children of mice fed a high-fat diet grow up fat even if their own mother is fed normally-so your fate may have been sealed even before you were conceived.5. A little older.Some groups of people just happen to be fatter than others. S

17、urveys carried out by the US National Center for Health Statistics found that adults aged 40 to 79 were around three times as likely to be obese as younger people. Non-white females also tend to fall at the fatter end of the spectrum: Mexican-American women are 30% more likely than white women to be

18、 obsess, and black women have twice the risk.In the US, these groups account for an increasing percentage of the population. Between 1970 and 2000 the US population aged 35 to 44 grew by 43%. The proportion of Hispanic-Americans also grew, from under 5% to 12.5% of the population, while the proporti

19、on of black Americans increased from 11% to 12.3%. These changes may account in part for the increased prevalence of obesity.6. Mature mumsMothers around the world are getting older. In the UK, the mean age for having a first child is 27.3, compared with 23.7 in 1970. Mean age at first birth in the

20、US has also increased, rising from 21.4 in 1970 to 24.9 in 2000.This would be neither here nor there if it werent for the observation that having an older mother seems to be an independent risk factor for obesity. Results from the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institutes study found that the odd

21、s of a child being obese increase about 14% for every five extra years of their mothers age, though why this should be so is not entirely clear.Michael Symonds at the University of Nottingham, UK, found that first-born children have more fat than younger ones. As family size decreases, firstborns ac

22、count for a greater share of the population. In 1964, British women gave birth to an average of 2.95 children; by 2005 that figure had fallen to 1.79. In the US in 1976, 9.6% of woman in their 40s had only one child; in 2004 it was 17.4%. This combination of older mothers and more single children co

23、uld be contributing to the obesity epidemic.7. Like marrying likeJust as people pair off according to looks, so they do for size. Lean people are more likely to marry lean and fat more likely to marry fat. On its own, like marrying like cannot account for any increase in obesity. But combined with o

24、thers- particularly the fact that obesity is partly genetic, and that heavier people have more children-it amplifies the increase from other causes.（分数：70.00）(1).What is the passage mainly about?A Effects of obesity on peoples health.B The link between lifestyle and obesity. C New explanations for t

25、he obesity epidemic.D Possible ways to combat the obesity epidemic.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).In the US Nurses Health Study, women who slept an average of 7 hours a night _ .A gained the least weightB were inclined to eat less C found their vigor enhancedD were less susceptible to illness（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.

26、(3).The popular belief about obesity is that _ .A it makes us sleepyB it causes sleep lossC it increases our appetiteD it results from lack of sleep（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).How does indoor heating affect our life?A It makes us stay indoors more.B It accelerates our metabolic rate.C It makes us feel more

27、 energetic.D It contributes to our weight gain.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).What does the author say about the effect of nicotine on smokers?A It threatens their health.B It heightens their spirits. C It suppresses their appetite.D It slows down their metabolism.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).Who are most likely to b

28、e overweight according to Katherine Flegals study?A Heavy smokers.B Passive smokers.C Those who never smoked.D Those who quit smoking.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).According to the US National Center for Health Statistics, the increased obesity in the US is a result of _ .A the growing number of smokers amon

29、g young peopleB the rising proportion of minorities in its populationC the increasing consumption of high-calorie foodsD the improving living standards of the poor people（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).According to the US National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute, the reason why older mothers children tend to b

30、e obese remains _ .（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).According to Michael Symonds, one factor contributing to the obesity epidemic is decrease of _ .（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).When two heavy people get married, chances of their children getting fat increase, because obesity is _ .（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题

31、数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：3，分数：133.00)（分数：56.00）(1).A) The play was the first hed seen. B) The play wasnt too bad.C) He hasnt seen the play yet. D) He wants to see the play again.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A) It will be finished on time,B) It is only open during the day.C) Something has happened to the

32、building.D) The workers are about to complete it.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A) He lost a button at work.B) He doesnt know where he put the calculator.C) He thinks he broke something the woman lent him.D) Hes not sure how to solve the math problem.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A) The old houses should be turned int

33、o stores.B) The city needs even more modern modernization.C) This shopping center is quite old.D) New shopping centers are very common.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A) Whether the woman knows how to type.B) Why the woman is in a hurry.C) How much typing the woman needs done.D) Whether the woman has a typewri

34、ter.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A) He goes along with the womans suggestion.B) He cant decide whether to go or not.C) He will go to the concert alone.D) He thinks the performance will be very good.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A) It involved a few lunches. B) There were free lunches.C) There were three lunches, D)

35、There are more than free lunches.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A) 13. B) 17. C) 30. D) 15.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Mike cant pass the exam.B. Mike doesnt need to study at all.C. Mike should get some fresh air in the morningD. Having a good rest will help Mike with the exam.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Take the wal

36、let to the reception desk.B. Look for the owner of the wallet in the company.C. Ask the receptionist for help.D. Put the wallet back in the elevator.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Professor Smith will help Mary to take the course simultaneously.B. Mary will probably postpone taking the course of statistics

37、.C. Mary will require taking the accounting course first.D. Mary will take the course of Professor Smith.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A. To try playing a new game. B. Not to worry about his grades.C. To spend more time on his studies. D. To teach them how to play the games.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(5).A. He is not

38、interested in the competition.B. He doesnt know if the super girl was successful.C. He cant follow the state competition.D. He thinks the super girl of last week was eliminated.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(6).A. In a library. B. In a cinema.C. In a literature class. D. In a history class.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(7).A

39、. She will be absent in the next class.B. She will help the professor hand out the course outline.C. She will copy the outline by herself.D. She will go to the office of the professor.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(8).A. Her brother wants to rent a room with another person.B. Her brother can take the man to the

40、picnic.C. Her brother wants to share his room with another person.D. Her brother wants someone else to go to the picnic with him.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1).A) Professor and student. B) Boss and employee.C) Interviewer and interviewee. D) President and adviser.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A) It has 2 mil

41、lion dollars in capital. B) It has 50,000 people.C) Its products are marketed in the US only. D) Its products sell quite well in China.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A) He is organized and a good speaker. B) He is enthusiastic and a fast-learner.C) He is persistent and experienced. D) He is capable and good a

42、t marketing.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：77.00)（分数：28.00）(1).A) Begging food from the tourists. B) Attacking the tourists.C) Dropping wastes on the tourists. D) Making loud noise to disturb the tourists.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A) Broadcasting frightened sounds of the birds to scare them away.B

43、) Making shooting sounds to scare the birds away.C) Hiring special workers to drive them away.D) Capturing them and then transporting them away.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A) To other European countries. B) To the remote areas and suburbs.C) To the natural parks for birds. D) Back to their nests.（分数：7.00）A

44、.B.C.D.(4).A) France. B) Russia.C) Poland. D) Germany.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：28.00）(1).A They are leading in the game. B The score is really close.C The Dream Team is way behind. D They win the game.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A Its made up of professional athletes. B Its made up of college players.C Its mad

45、e up of both professional and college players. D Its made up of young athletes.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A He was injured in a fight and had to leave the game.B He fought with another player.C He got in a fight with a fan and was thrown out of the game.D He led his team to success.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(4).A

46、They drank a special beverage made from Japanese herbs.B They had uncooked fish the night before the game.C They had a massage from head to foot to relax their muscles.D Some players were injured before the game.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.00）(1).A) The government wants to show more concern for the heal

47、th of the people.B) The government needs to import more goods from abroad.C) The Japanese have been working too hard.D) The Japanese hope to change the western prejudice.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(2).A) The shorter hours they work, the higher pay they can enjoy.B) The more they work, the less leisure they ca

48、n enjoy.C) The shorter hours they work, the less pay they can get.D) The greater pressure they bear, the unhappier they can he.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.(3).A) Small companies. B) Industrialists.C) Trade unions. D) The younger generation.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：77.00)Personality is to a large extent inherent A type parents usually bring about