大学六级-478及答案解析.doc

1、大学六级-478 及答案解析(总分：703.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.1. 老一辈常说，能力比相貌重要 2. 如今很多人却认为相貌比有力重要 3. 你的看法 BAbility and Good Looks/B（分数：106.00）_二、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：70.00)BHow to Get Lucky and Live a Charmed Life/BFor centuries, people have recognized the power of luck and have done what

2、ever they could to try seizing it. Take knocking on wood, thought to date back to pagan rituals aimed at eliciting help from powerful tree gods. We still do it today, though few, if any, of us worship tree gods. So why do we pass this and other superstitions down from generation to generation? The a

3、nswer lies in the power of hick.BLive a Charmed life/BTo investigate scientifically why some people are consistently lucky and others arent, I advertised in national periodicals for volunteers of both varieties. Four hundred men and woman from all walks of life-ages 18 to 84responded.Over a ten-year

4、 period, I interviewed these volunteers, asked them to complete diaries, personality questionnaires and IQ tests, and invited them to my laboratory for experiments. Lucky people, I found, get that way via some basic principles- seizing chance opportunities; creating self-fulfilling prophecies throug

5、h positive expectations; and adopting a resilient attitude that turns had luck around.BOpen Your Mind/BConsider chance opportunities: Lucky people regularly have them; unlucky people dont. To determine why, I gave lucky and unlucky people a newspaper, and asked them to tell me how many photos were i

6、nside. On average, unlucky people spent about two minutes un this exercise; lucky people spent seconds. Why? Because on the papers second page-in big type-was the message “Stop counting: There are 43 photographs in this newspaper.“ Lucky people tended to spot the message. Unlucky ones didnt. I put a

7、 second one halfway through the paper: “Stop counting, tell the experimenter you have seen this and win250.“ Again, the unlucky people missed it.The lesson: Unlucky people miss chance opportunities because theyre too busy looking for something else. Lucky people see what is there rather than just wh

8、at theyre looking for.This is only part of the story. Many of my lanky participants tried hard to add variety to their lives. Before making important decisions, one altered his route to work. Another described a way of meeting people. He noticed that at parties he usually talked to the same type of

9、person. To change this, he thought of a color and then spoke only to guests wearing that color-women in red, say, or men in black.Does this technique work? Well, imagine living in the canter of an apple orchard. Each day you must collect a basket of apples. At first, it wont matter where you look. T

10、he entire orchard will have apples. Gradually, it becomes harder to find apples in places youve visited before. If you go to new parts of the orchard each time, the odds of finding apples will increase dramatically. It is exactly the same with luck.BRelish the Upside/BAnother important principle rev

11、olved around the way in which lucky and unlucky people deal with misfortune. Imagine representing your country in the Olympics. You compete, do well, and win a bronze medal. Now imagine a second Olympics. This time you do even better and win a silver medal. How happy do you think youd feel? Most of

12、us think wed be happier after winning the silver medal.But research suggests athletes who win bronze medals are actually happier. This is because silver medalists think that if theyd performed slightly better, they might have won a gold medal. In contrast, bronze medalists focus on how if theyd perf

13、ormed slightly worse, they wouldnt have won anything. Psychologists call this ability to imagine what might have happened, rather than what actually happened, “counter-factual“ thinking.To find out if lucky people use counter-factual thinking to ease the impact of misfortune, I asked my subjects to

14、imagine being in a bank. Suddenly, an armed robber enters and fires a shot that hits them in the arms. Unlucky people tended to say this would be their bad luck to be in the bank during the robbery. Lucky people said it could have been worse: “You could have been shot in the head.“ This kind of thin

15、king makes people feel better about themselves, keeps expectations high, and increases the likelihood of continuing to live a lucky life.BLearn to Be Lucky/BFinally, I created a series of experiments examining whether thought and behavior can enhance good fortune.First come one-on-one meetings, duri

16、ng which participants completed questionnaires that measured their luck and their satisfaction with six key areas of their lives. I then outlined the main principles of luck, and described techniques designed to help participants react like lucky people. For instance, they were taught how to be more

17、 open to opportunities around them, how to break routines, and how to deal with bad luck by imagining things being worse. They were asked to carry out specific exercises for a month and then report back to me.The results were dramatic: 80 percent were happier and more satisfied with their lives-and

18、luckier. One unlucky subject said that after adjusting her attitude-expecting good fortune, not dwelling on the negative-her bad luck had vanished. One day, she went shopping and found a dress she liked. But she didnt buy it, and when she returned to the store in a week, it was gone. Instead of slin

19、king away disappointed, she looked around and found a better dress-for less. Events like this made her a much happier person.Her experience shows how thoughts and behavior affect the good and bad fortune we encounter. It proves that the most elusive of holy grails-an effective way of taking advantag

20、e of the power of luck-is available to us all.（分数：70.00）(1).People can pass superstitions down from generation to generation because of _.（分数：7.00）A.the power of luckB.the power of GodC.the power of beliefD.the power of intelligence(2).The purpose of the authors investigation is to study _.（分数：7.00）

21、A.why people try hard to seize luckB.why people worship gods since ancient timeC.why some people are always lucky and others arentD.why people are feeling lucky while worshiping gods(3).Considering chance opportunities, unlucky people dont have because they _.（分数：7.00）A.have missed a lot of chancesB

22、are born with misfortuneC.have little abilities to deal with problemsD.have no chance actually(4).According to the passage, unlike lucky people, unlucky people _.（分数：7.00）A.always think in a positive wayB.always tend to point to the messageC.always spend less time on the exerciseD.always see what t

23、heyre looking for(5).The story of apple orchard suggests that _.（分数：7.00）A.you should find a orchard with enough applesB.the more you change, the more chances you will getC.you can pick more apples because of your luckD.you should try harder to find apples in the places youve visited before(6).Athle

24、tes who win bronze medals are happier because they think _.（分数：7.00）A.they would have won the gold medal by working hard a littleB.they might have won a silver medal if they had performed a little betterC.they should win the bronze medal since theyd performed very wellD.they would have lost the bron

25、ze medal if theyd performed a little worse(7).Lucky people use counter-factual thinking to _.（分数：7.00）A.encourage others to be happierB.move their misfortune to othersC.weaken the impact of misfortuneD.help unlucky people deal with misfortune(8).A series of experiments described in the passage is to

26、 examine whether thought and behavior can _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).The unlucky subject in the experiments said that her bad luck had died away, because she has _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Her last experiment proved that an effective way of taking advantage of the power of luck is _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、BPart L

27、istenin(总题数：3，分数：105.00)Questions 11 to 18 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：56.00）A.9.B.18.C.12.D.36.A.To his home.B.To her home.C.To go to the picnic.D.To go shopping.A.Take the medicine as she was directed to do.B.Schedule another appointment with her doctor.C.Stop taking the

28、medicine.D.Rest her back for a few days.A.They bought the motorbike.B.They had no time.C.They didnt want a refrigerator.D.Theres nothing wrong with the old one.A.Typing.B.Drawing a picture.C.Doing exercise.D.Playing the piano.A.Hell give the quiz at a later time.B.The quiz will be very short.C.The q

29、uiz wont be ready until Thursday.D.Hell score the quiz quickly.A.He never does things early.B.He has already finished it.C.He isnt going to finish it.D.He will finish it in a few minutes.A.Business associates.B.Boss and secretary.C.Teacher and student.D.Good friends.Questions 19 to 21 are based on t

30、he conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.It plans to send a probe to explore the moon.B.Its NASAs most expensive project so far.C.Its an ambitious project.D.Its involved in the construction of the American space station.A.The construction of the American space station.B.Budget problems.C.Dela

31、ys.D.Technical difficulties.A.Building relationship with outer space.B.Making profits.C.Creating a stepping-stone to scientific research.D.Fostering international scientific cooperation.BQuestions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard./B（分数：28.00）A.Its a concert.B.Its a circus.C

32、Its a game.D.Its a movie.A.Romantic lighting,B.Fantastic music.C.Amazing costumes.D.Animal performers.A.Trainers.B.Clowns.C.Acrobats.D.Magicians.A.Go to see Cirque du Soleil in town.B.Go shopping.C.Go to meet the magician.D.Go to see Cirque du Soleil with the woman.四、BSection B/B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)BPa

33、ssage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：28.00）A.25 million.B.100 million.C.50 million.D.75 million.A.Government funded.B.Political.C.Private.D.None of the above.A.Wars or natural disasters make them lose their families.B.They want to help their families earn en

34、ough money to survive.C.They are poor.D.All the above.A.The Philippines.B.Brazil.C.Mexico.D.Guatemala.BPassage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.Philip has not been to this part of the library before.B.It was very quiet in the library.C.Philip fell off

35、the ladder and made a loud noise.D.The librarian was very kind to readers.A.Novels.B.Collections of maps.C.Magazines.D.Fiction stories.A.Philip was a rude boy.B.Philip was asked to leave the library.C.Philip was not old enough to read in this library.D.Philip damaged the book by falling it to the fl

36、oor.BPassage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard./B（分数：21.00）A.A big noise.B.A strange noise.C.A strangers noise.D.A childs noise.A.The well.B.The wheels.C.The ears.D.His ears.A.The police.B.A bee-keeper.C.A beeper.D.The poor motorist.五、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：77.00)No

37、w we travel to the north central part of the United States. We are in the state of South Dakota. The land is big and mostly fiat with many U(36) /Uof corn, wheat and soybeans. But as we travel west, the cropland gives way to wild grasses. A strong dry wind blows U(37) /U from the west.Suddenly, the

38、land becomes U(38) /U and rocky, dry and dusty-no longer green and gold. It is now a light red-brown color. All around are broken U(39) /U forms. There are hills and valleys of all sizes and strange shapes.These are the Badlands. Hundreds of thousands of years ago the area was U(40) /U, but, then, f

39、orces of nature U(41) /U the grass. Water and ice cut into the surface of the earth. They heat at the rocks, U(42) /Uthem away. The result is one of the worlds U(43) /U sights.U (44) /UThe area is a study in extremes. Temperatures in the summer have been as high as forty-six degrees Celsius. U(45) /

40、ULife in the Badlands is difficult, but animals do survive. The most well known is the prairie dog. U(46) /U.（分数：77.00）(1).（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、BPart Reading (总题数：1，分数：90.00)The earliest known galaxies in the universe, which formed d

41、uring the universes “dark age“ nearly 13 billion years ago, have been spied by two teams of astronomers.The discoveries, reported separately in this weeks issue of the journal Nature, suggest that galaxies were forming just 700 million years after the birth of the universe.Theory holds that the univ

42、erse formed 13.7 billion years ago when an extremely dense concentration of mass rapidly expanded in an event known as the big bang.The universe has been expanding ever since, so astronomers are able to age galaxies by computing how much the wavelength of their light has stretchedor redshifted-as th

43、e expansion takes the galaxies farther from Earth. The redder the light is, the older and more distant the galaxy is.The detection of such ancient galaxies adds intrigue(神秘色彩) to theories of how the very first galaxies formed, according to astronomers.Were there many large, young galaxies in the ear

44、ly universe that are obscured from astronomers view by abundant gases absorbing their light? Or were galaxies rare and small way back then, as a prevailing theory suggests, and later clumped together to form larger galaxies such as the Milky Way?“We believe that we need both these processes to expla

45、in what we see,“ Masanori Iye, a professor at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, said in an email.The galaxy, called IOK-1, formed about 750 million years after the big bang60 million years closer to the event than the previous record holder.Given the number of galaxies found during a l

46、ater epoch about 810 million years ago, the researchers had expected to find as many as six galaxies like IOK-1. But the comparative rarity(稀有) of objects like IOK-1 means that the universe must have changed significantly over the 60 million years that separate the two epochs, the team suggests.Iye

47、and colleagues believe that they are witnessing the last phase of a process known as reionization(再次电离).According to Iye, about 380,000 years after the fiery hot big bang, the universe cooled so much that protons and electrons recombined to form neutral hydrogen. This is known as the beginning of the dark age of the universe, because neutral hydrogen absorbs the light from stars.As more galaxies stared to form about 300 million years later, the hot stars heated the intergalactic(银河间的) medium and gradually reionized the neutral hydrogen back to pr