大学四级-1144及答案解析.doc

1、大学四级-1144 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：103.00)1.名人代言现象普遍2. 名人代言存在一些问题3. 你的看法On Celebrities Working as Products Spokesmen（分数：103.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：1，分数：70.00)A library to Last Forever“The fundamental reasons why the electric car has not attained the popularity it dese

2、rves are the failure of the manufacturers to properly educate the general public regarding the wonderful utility of the electric; the failure of power companies to make it easy to own and operate the electric by an adequate distribution of charging and boosting stations. “This quotation would hardly

3、 surprise anyone who follows electric vehicles. But it may be surprising to hear that in the year when it was written thousands of electric cars were produced and that year was nearly a century ago. This appeared in a 1916 issue of the journal Electrical World, which I found in Google Books, our sea

4、rchable repository of millions of books. It may seem strange to look back a hundred years on a topic that is so contemporary, yet I often find that the past has valuable lessons for the future. In this case, I was luckyelectric vehicles were studied and written about extensively early in the 20th ce

5、ntury, and there are many books on the subject from which to choose. Because books published before 1923 are in the public domain, I am able to view them easily.But the vast majority of books ever written are not accessible to anyone except the most persistent researchers at premier academic librari

6、es. Books written after 1923 quickly disappear into a literary black hole. With rare exceptions, one can buy them only for the small number of years they are in print. After that, they are found only in a vanishing number of libraries and used book stores. As the years pass, contracts get lost and f

7、orgotten, authors and publishers disappear, the rights holders become impossible to track down.Inevitably, the few remaining copies of the books are left to decay slowly or are lost to fires, floods and other disasters. While I was at Stanford in 1998, floods damaged or destroyed tens of thousands o

8、f books. Unfortunately, such events are not uncommona similar flood happened at Stanford just 20 years prior. You could read about it in The Stanford-Lockheed Meyer Library Flood Report, published in 1980, but this book itself is no longer available.Because books are such an important part of the wo

9、rlds collective knowledge and cultural heritage, Larry Page, the co-founder of Google, first proposed that they digitize all books a decade ago, when they were a fledgling(无经验的) startup. At the time, it was viewed as so ambitious and challenging a project that they were unable to attract anyone to w

10、ork on it. But five years later, in 2004, Google Books (then called Google Print) was born, allowing users to search hundreds of thousands of books. Today, they number over 10 million and counting.The next year Google Books were sued (起诉) by the Authors Guild and the Association of American Publishe

11、rs over the project. While they have had disagreements, they have a common goalto unlock the wisdom held in the enormous number of out-of-print books, while fairly compensating the rights holders. As a result, they were able to work together to devise a settlement that accomplishes the shared vision

12、. While this settlement is a win-win for authors, publishers and Google, the real winners are the readers who will now have access to a greatly expanded world of books.There has been some debate about the settlement, and many groups have offered their opinions, both for and against. This agreement a

13、ims to make millions of out-of-print but in-copyright books available either for a fee or for free with ad support, with the majority of the revenue flowing back to the rights holders, be they authors or publishers.Some have claimed that this agreement is a form of compulsory(强制的) license because, a

14、s in most class action settlements, it applies to all members of the class who do not opt out by a certain date. The reality is that rights holders can at any time set pricing and access rights for their works or withdraw them from Google Books altogether. For those books whose rights holders have n

15、ot yet come forward, reasonable default pricing and access policies are assumed. This allows access to the many orphan works whose owners have not yet been found and accumulates revenue for the rights holders, giving them a motivator to step forward.Others have questioned the impact of the agreement

16、 on competition, or asserted that it would limit consumer choice with respect to out-of-print books. In reality, nothing in this agreement prevents any other company or organization from pursuing their own similar effort. The agreement limits consumer choice in out-of-print books about as much as it

17、 limits consumer choice in unicorns(独角兽). Today, if you want to access a typical out-of-print book, you have only one choicefly to one of a handful of leading libraries in the country and hope to find it in the stacks.If Google Books is successful, others will follow. And they will have an easier pa

18、th: this agreement creates a books rights registry that will encourage rights holders to come forward and will provide a convenient way for other projects to obtain permissions.Last, there have been objections to specific aspects of the Google Books product and the future service as planned under th

19、e settlement, including questions about the quality of bibliographic information, our choice of classification system and the details of our privacy policy. These are all valid questions, and being a company that obsesses over the quality of the products, they are working hard to address them-improv

20、ing bibliographic information and categorization, and further detailing our privacy policy. And if they dont get their product right, then others will. But one thing that is sure to halt any such progress is to have no settlement at all.In the Insurance Year Book 1880-1881, Cornelius Walford chronic

21、les the destruction of dozens of libraries and millions of books. I hope such destruction never happens again, but history would suggest otherwise. More important, even if our cultural heritage stays intact(未触动的) in the worlds foremost libraries, it is effectively lost if no one can access it easily

22、. Many companies, libraries and organizations will play a role in saving and making available the works of the 20th century. Together, authors, publishers and Google are taking just one step toward this goal, but its an important step. Lets not miss this opportunity.（分数：70.00）(1).What is true about

23、the quotation in the beginning paragraph?（分数：7.00）A.It tells us the fundamental reasons why the electric car has attained the popularity nowadays.B.It would surprise anyone who runs after electric vehicles.C.It was written nearly one hundred years ago.D.It was written in Google Books.(2).When the au

24、thor said “he was lucky“, it means the following except _.（分数：7.00）A.the topic he found in a book a century ago is so strangeB.he often finds that the past has valuable lessons for the futureC.there are many books on electric vehicles in the 20th centuryD.books published before 1923 are in the publi

25、c domain(3).What happened to books written after 1923?（分数：7.00）A.They are handed down generation after generation.B.People can buy them with large amount of money.C.They are preserved in libraries and bookstores.D.Most of them are lost year by year.(4).The author mentioned Stanford in order to _.（分数

26、：7.00）A.tell people floods hit Stanford in 1998B.show how common the natural disasters wereC.illustrate the loss of books caused by natural disastersD.remind people of the natural disasters(5).What can we learn about Larry Page and Google from Paragraph 5?（分数：7.00）A.Larry Page founded Google Books w

27、ith others a decade ago.B.Larry Page proposed that we made the digital version of all books a decade ago.C.Google attracted some ambitious and challenging people in 1999.D.Google Books was born in 2004 to allow users to search over 10 million books.(6).What is true about the settlement between the A

28、uthors Guild, the Association of American Publishers and Google?（分数：7.00）A.The Google would compensate the Authors Guild and the Association of American Publishers.B.None of them benefited from the settlement.C.There were some disagreement on this settlement, though it was a win-win for them.D.The s

29、ettlement aimed at copying the in-print books either for a fee or for free with ad support.(7).An example illustrating whether there are limitations on consumer choice is that _.（分数：7.00）A.rights holders can at any time set pricing and access rights for their works.B.people have to fly to a certain

30、library to find a typical out-of-print bookC.other rights holders will be encouraged to conduct similar projectsD.google is working hard to improve bibliographic information(8).The Googles success is likely to provide for other projects an easier way to _ from right holders.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(9).If no

31、 one can access the books in the worlds foremost libraries easily, they will be _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_(10).Authors, publishers and Google are working hard to make the books of the 20th century _.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)A.Just get the treatment from

32、the first doctor.B.Take a different kind of medicine.C.Ask another doctor for advice.D.To get treatment from another doctor in the same hospital.A.He agrees with the womans choice.B.He doesnt want spicy food.C.He wants the salad to be fresh.D.Garlic is his favorite flavor.A.The man will ask the woma

33、n to show the guarantee.B.The man will ask the woman to show the receipt.C.The man will replace the womans camera.D.The man will adjust the cameras lens.A.The man wants to reschedule his appointment.B.The man will wait for Mr. Barley in the meeting room.C.The man is dissatisfied when he finds that M

34、r. Barkley cant meet him.D.The man wishes to know Mr. Barley earlier.A.Stay home to prepare for the exams.B.Attend concert next week after the exams are over.C.Take a coffee break.D.Go to the concert with the man.A.Nancy doesnt like going to concerts.B.Nancy is busy cleaning the refrigerator.C.Nancy

35、 is experiencing hard times.D.Nancy is making a lot of money.A.Shes planning a trip to West Africa.B.She thinks attending the lecture will be helpful to her report writing.C.Her history class is required to attend the lecture.D.She has already finished writing her report.A.Enjoyable.B.Too complicate

36、d.C.Interesting.D.Touching.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.A Teaching Skills summer course.B.Summer camping.C.Going cycling.D.Going windsurfing.A.The induction session is on Tuesday.B.The first set of seminars is held on Wednesday.C.The “Teaching“ ses

37、sion is scheduled on Thursday.D.Nothing is scheduled on Friday.A.They will work alone on their lessons.B.They will listen carefully to the lecture.C.They need to work in groups and come up with a great lesson.D.They can not criticize other lessons.A.They will leave as soon as the course is over.B.Th

38、ey will leave on the 13th.C.They will leave on the 14th.D.They will leave on Mondaythe 15th.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.125 dollars a day for individual instruction.B.67 dollars a person for group instruction.C.76 dollars a day for individual inst

39、ruction.D.Individual instruction is quite a bit cheaper.A.Until the end of November.B.From the beginning of April to the end of September.C.From the 1st October until the 10th December.D.From the 11th December until the 31st January.A.He will take the lesson at peak season.B.He is going to work.C.He

40、 will give it a second thought.D.He is going to take the lesson soon.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：70.00)Passage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.00）A.The common features of both insect and human societies.B.The differences between insect society and human society.C.T

41、he role differences in human society.D.The reasons why human beings are superior to insects.A.Both of them consist of different groups.B.The basic unit of each society is the family.C.Different individuals have different jobs.D.Both of them consist of families.A.The number of roles human beings play

42、 is much more than that of insects.B.The roles human beings play is more important.C.The insects have fewer opportunities to change their roles.D.Different individual performs different functions in human society but not the case in insect society.A.It is an inborn feature of human beings.B.Human be

43、ings are able to develop new skills.C.Human beings have more chances.D.Human beings can help each other.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.Grassland for animals.B.A land covered with trees.C.A steep slope of a hill.D.A land with fertile soil.A.To f

44、orbid grazing on marginal lands.B.To plant more trees on marginal lands.C.To establish good ground cover.D.To graze animals rotationally.A.Supporting the soil.B.Providing shade for animals.C.Loosening soil structure.D.Protecting the soil from wind and rain damage.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are

45、based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.00）A.To determine whether-or-not they should.B.To process slowly and with caution.C.To have a muscle check.D.To increase heart rate.A.Stretching exercises.B.Long distance running.C.Active walking.D.Jumping jacks.A.105.B.115.C.150.D.120.六、Section C(总题数：

46、1，分数：77.00)Paper airline tickets, once the industry (36) , are on the fast track to be forgotten.If the International Air Transport Association (IATA) has its way, airlines will (37) only electronic tickets by the end of 2007, sending paper tickets the way of rapidly (38) industry services such as i

47、n-flight meals and free (39) .Travelers who opt for electronic tickets check in for flights using a credit card or government ID. The (40) to electronic ticketing, which could save millions of dollars, has been underway for more than ten years.The IATA, a (41) 1 trade group, said 96 percent of ticke

48、ts issued by US airlines are electronic, while globally 77 percent of tickets are electronic.“The US Airlines can see the light at the end of the (42) “ said IATA (43) Steve Lott. “They are definitely leading the world in terms of e-ticketing and going electronic. “(44) Airlines that want to maintain paper ticketing beyond 2007 may continue to do so, but supplies will be costly, Lott said.(45) . On average, an airline spends $10 to process a paper ticket compared with $1 to process an electronic ticket. (46) , Lott said.（分数：77.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_