大学四级-157及答案解析.doc

1、大学四级-157 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、BPart Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the topic Opinions on Campus Marriage. You should write at least U120/U words but no more than U180/U words according to the outline given below in Chinese

2、.1国家允许在校学生结婚。2在校学生结婚对学生的影响。3你的观点。（分数：106.50）_二、BPart Listenin(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、BSection A/B(总题数：4，分数：106.50)Directions: In this section you will hear 8 short and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and t

3、he questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A, B, C and D, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.（分数：35.50）(1). A. G

4、oing over the fist. B. Going for an outing. C. Doing some shopping. D. Listing things they need.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He worked very hard for the exam. B. He might not perform well in the exam. C. He dislikes mathematics. D. He is good at mathematics.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. At a conference. B. I

5、n the waiting room. C. At the office. D. In a restaurant.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4). A. Go to the grocery store. B. Go to see the dentist. C. Go to the post office. D. Go to the bakery.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5). A. It is the same size as it was. B. It is so small that she is not satisfied. C. It is not as big

6、as it was. D. It is much bigger than it was.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.（分数：21.30）(1). A. Its going to attract a lot of students. B. Its going to be a lot of fun. C. Its going to be a lot of work. D. Its going to work out quite well.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. She thinks the man is making a joke. B. She is very e

7、xcited about the final game. C. She doesnt know there will be a basketball game. D. She wont go to watch the basketball game.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. She does not think the man is professional. B. She is not a very good skier. C. She cannot give professional advice. D. She has been to some ski resor

8、ts.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）(1). A. Shes passed the final exam. B. Shes won a speech competition. C. Shes been granted a scholarship. D. Shes got her Ph.D. degree.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Work harder and get better grades. B. Lea

9、rn about scholarships at the financial aid office. C. Work as a teaching assistant. D. Work part-time to support his study.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Because of his poor health. B. Because of his lack of experience. C. Because of his poor academic performance. D. Because of his schedule.（分数：7.10）A.B.C

10、.D.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）(1). A. Because hes got a promotion. B. Because hes got a new job. C. Because hes moved into a new house. D. Because hes got a new car.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. In a small family-owned company. B. In a big computer com

11、pany. C. In a department store. D. In a library.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. He may go abroad for further study. B. He may have a long paid vacation. C. He may get a promotion. D. He may work fewer hours each day.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4). A. The job is interesting sometimes. B. She is satisfied with the job

12、. C. She doesnt like the working conditions. D. It is boring so she wants to quit.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、BSection B/B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、BPassage One/B(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）(1). A. They will replace conventional cars some day. B. They are

13、 becoming increasingly popular. C. They are environmentally friendly. D. They generate zero waste gas emissions.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Electric cars do not cause any air pollution. B. Electric cars save more energy on the road. C. The prices of electric cars are largely reduced. D. The government

14、offers buyers financial support.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. The source of electricity. B. The price of electricity. C. Easy access of electricity. D. Generation of electricity.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、BPassage Two/B(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）(1)

15、. A. He was a commander in the Civil War. B. He outlived all people in his town. C. He lived an active social life as a veteran. D. He was the principal of a high school.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. He visited several high schools. B. He travelled around for years. C. He joined a group inGlendale. D. He

16、 wrote stories about the Civil War.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Have lunch with some school students. B. Visit local schools and share their stories. C. Gather together and recall past events. D. Cancel their busy schedule and relax.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、BPassage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 22 to 25 are

17、 based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）(1). A. Between 42 and 65. B. Between 41 to 65. C. At 12 or older. D. Younger than 12.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2). A. Twelve year olds are more vulnerable to a head injury. B. Children under 12 are unable to complete the tests. C. A majority of people st

18、art playing football at 12. D. Age 12 is an essential time for brain development.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3). A. Cognitive ability. B. Emotional ability. C. Physical ability. D. Problem-solving ability.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4). A. That kids should not play dangerous sports of any kind. B. That kids should not

19、play football until aged at least 12. C. That parents should supervise their children playing football. D. That sometimes decisions should be made following common sense.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.八、BSection C/B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage

20、is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Co

21、uples are more likely to quit smoking, exercise more or lose weight if they U U 1 /U /Uthese healthy habits together, a new study suggested Monday. Researchers at the University College London inBritain looked at 3,722 couples, either U U 2 /U /Uor living together and over the age of 50, who were ta

22、king part in the English Longitudinal Study of Aging. They found that people were more successful in replacing bad habits with good ones if their partner U U 3 /U /Uas well. For example, among women who smoked, 50 percent managed to quit if their partner gave up smoking too at the same time, U U 4 /

23、U /U17 percent of women whose partners were already non-smokers, and eight percent of those whose partners were U U 5 /U /Usmokers. The study found that men were U U 6 /U /Uaffected by their partners and were more likely to quit smoking, get active, or lose weight if their partner made the same U U

24、7 /U /Uchange. “Now is the time to make New Years U U 8 /U /Uto quit smoking, take exercise, or lose weight,“ lead author Sarah Jackson of the University College London said in a statement. “And doing it with your partner increases your U U 9 /U /Uof success.“ The study was U U 10 /U /Uin the U.S. j

25、ournal JAMA Internal Medicine. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、BPart Reading (总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、BSection A/B(总题数：1，分数：35.50)BDirection:/B In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a lis

26、t of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in

27、 the bank more than once.An estimated 7,000 properties around England and Wales will be sacrificed to rising seas over the next century, according to the Environment Agency. Analysis by the Agency, based on current funding levels, projects that more than 800 will be lost over the next 20 years as co

28、astlines erode. The cost of protecting these properties is U U 1 /U /Uto be too high. The Environment Agency estimates that more than 1bn worth of properties will disappear as a result.Local groups are campaigning for U U 2 /U /Uif they are forced out of their homes. The government has U U 3 /U /Uth

29、is call, which could U U 4 /U /Ua precedent for paying damages to people affected by climate change. Friends of the Earth has U U 5 /U /Uthe government of dumping the costs of climate change on to vulnerable people.An Environment Agency spokesperson told BBC News: “The recent announcement of 2.3bn i

30、nvestment over the next six years will see U U 6 /U /Uinvestment in coastal flood and erosion risk management, with 15,000 properties better protected from coastal erosion over the next six years. The Environment Agency uses a U U 7 /U /Uof advanced techniques to monitor and assess the causes and im

31、pacts of coastal erosion.“ The Agency said the estimates of flood damage were calculated as part of a U U 8 /U /Uexercise and had not been U U 9 /U /Upublished. The Agency has been told by government to prioritise (优先考虑) flood defences in areas in heavily U U 10 /U /Uareas. This is why agricultural

32、land on the Somerset Levels was allowed to flood last winter.A. previouslyB. populatedC. improvementD. accusedE. compensationF. consideredG. resistedH. additionallyI. neglectJ. availableK. routineL. distributedM. rangeN. significantO. set（分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项

33、 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、BSection B/B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragra

34、ph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is Depression a Kind of Allergic Reaction?A. Barely a week goes by without a celebrity “opening up“ about their “battle with depression“. This, apparently, is a brave

35、 thing to do because, despite all efforts to get rid of the stigma (污名) around depression, it is still seen as some kind of mental and emotional weakness. But what if was nothing of the sort? What if it was a physical illness that just happens to make people feel pretty lousy(糟糕的)? Would that make i

36、t less of a big deal to admit to?B. According to a growing number of scientists, this is exactly how we should be thinking about the condition. George Slavich, a clinical psychologist at the University of California in Los Angeles, has spent years studying depression, and has come to the conclusion

37、that it has as much to do with the body as the mind. “I dont even talk about it as a psychiatric (精神病的) condition any more,“ he says. “It does involve psychology, but it also involves equal parts of biology and physical health.“ The basis of this new view is blindingly obvious once it is pointed out

38、: everyone feels miserable when they are ill. That feeling of being too tired, bored and fed up to move off the sofa and get on with life is known among psychologists as sickness behaviour. It happens for a good reason, helping us avoid doing more damage or spreading an infection any further.C. It a

39、lso looks a lot like depression. So if people with depression show classic sickness behaviour and sick people feel a lot like people with depression-might there be a common cause that accounts for both? The answer to that seems to be yes, and the best candidate so far is inflammation(炎症)a part of th

40、e immune system that acts as a burglar alarm to close wounds and call other parts of the immune system into action. A family of proteins called cytokines(细胞因子) sets off inflammation in the body, and switches the brain into sickness mode.D. Both cytokines and inflammation have been shown to rocket du

41、ring depressive episodes and to drop off in periods of remission (缓解). Healthy people can also be temporarily put into a depressed, anxious state when given a vaccine that causes a spike in inflammation. Brain imaging studies of people injected with a typhoid vaccine found that this might be down to

42、 changes in the parts of the brain that process reward and punishment. There are other clues, too: people with inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis(类风湿性关节炎) tend to suffer more than average with depression; cancer patients given a drug called interferon alpha, which boosts their inflam

43、matory response to help fight the cancer, often become depressed as a side-effect.E. As evidence like this continues to stack up, its not surprising that some people have shifted their attention to what might be causing the inflammation in the first place. Turhan Canli of Stony Brook University in N

44、ew York thinks infections are the most likely cause, and even goes as far as to say that we should rebrand depression as an infectious disease. Others arent willing to go that far, not least because infection is not the only way to set off inflammation. A diet rich in trans fat (反式脂肪) and sugar has

45、been shown to promote inflammation, while a healthy one full of fruit, vegetables and oily fish helps keep it at bay. Obesity (肥胖) is another risk factor, probably because body fat, particularly around the belly, stores large quantities of cytokines.F. Add this to the fact that stress, particularly

46、the kind that follows social rejection or loneliness, also causes inflammation, and it starts to look as if depression is a kind of allergy to modern life-which might explain its prevalence(流行) all over the world as we increasingly eat and isolate ourselves into a state of chronic inflammation. If thats the case, prevention is probably the place to start. Its not a great idea to turn off inflammation entirely, because we need it to guard agains