大学四级-182及答案解析.doc

1、大学四级-182 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay. You should start your essay with a brief description of the picture and then express your views on college life and the Internet. You should write at lea

2、st 120 words but no more than 180 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)（分数：35.50）A.Prof. Bush“s lecture is too hard to understand.B.The man is good at taking notes.C.The woman missed Prof. Bush“s lecture.D.The woman had problems concentrating on the lectu

3、re.A.Surprised.B.Indifferent.C.Respectful.D.Suspicious.A.It lasts long.B.It“s of a famous brand.C.It“s loud and clear.D.It“s fashionable.A.He thinks John has a poor eyesight.B.He doesn“t think John“s girlfriend is beautiful.C.He feels the woman is too critical.D.He thinks people in love are beautifu

4、l.A.On Monday.B.On Tuesday.C.On Saturday.D.On Sunday,（分数：21.30）A.The man enjoyed his trip very much.B.Winter was not the best time to travel.C.The man had been on a business trip.D.The flight was a disaster for the man.A.At the woman“s house.B.At the man“s house.C.At a bar.D.At the man“s office.A.Ta

5、king a photo.B.Designing a hairstyle.C.Hunting.D.Moving the background.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.He has got the first place in the test.B.He has got high scores in the test.C.He has been praised by his professor.D.He has passed all of the tests.

6、A.A few weeks before the exam.B.A few months before the exam.C.A few days before the exam.D.A few hours before the exam.A.Ask his classmates.B.Look up some information.C.Go online to check them.D.Discuss them with his teachers.A.Classmates.B.Mother and son.C.Teacher and student.D.Headmaster and stud

7、ent.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.He has to meet an important client.B.He has to attend a meeting.C.He has to attend a business discussion.D.He has to sign an important contract.A.Help him buy some medicine.B.Change the time of the meeting.C.Send s

8、ome documents to him.D.Book a 12 o“clock flight.A.He has got a fever.B.He is allergic to drugs.C.He is allergic to cats.D.He has got the flu.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：28.40)Questions 16 to 19 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：28.40）A.Indicate our lifestyles and

9、 values.B.Improve our communicative skills.C.Cultivate our values.D.Determine our lifestyles and values.A.They cared little about clothing.B.They had poor taste in clothing.C.They were very conscious of clothing.D.They were proud of women“s clothes.A.They cared more about clothing than white-collar

10、workers.B.They were manipulated by white-collar workers.C.They scoffed white-collar workers for their clothing.D.They conformed to the accepted pattern of clothing.A.Dressing patterns of workers.B.Man“s attitude towards dress.C.The importance of clothing.D.The styles of clothing.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，

11、分数：21.30)Questions 20 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.Many workers feel embarrassed when talking about office gossip.B.More than half of the workers are involved in office gossip.C.The percentage of workers involved in office gossip has increased.D.Workers were reluct

12、ant to talk about office gossip before.A.Office gossip may boost when the company expands.B.Workers dare not to gossip when the company is downsizing.C.Office gossip may relatively drop when the economy turns better.D.In a financial crisis, workers are over pressured to gossip.A.It is beneficial to

13、the workers“ productivity.B.It helps to deliver the latest news of the company.C.It is an efficient way to relax people“s mind.D.It is a direct way for the boss to know his workers.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：21.30)Questions 23 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard. （分数：21.30）A.They put th

14、em in a well.B.They put them in the ice.C.They put them in an evaporative cooler.D.They put them into boxes.A.Place it at the top of the cooler.B.Place it at the bottom of the cooler.C.Put its ends in the water.D.Put it outdoors.A.To store them in conditions that are not cold enough.B.To keep them d

15、irectly into storage containers.C.To put them on the ground after cutting them with knife.D.To prepare them at harvest time when they“re in the field.八、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)TOEIC is the Test of English for International Communication. It measures the ability of people to communicate in the 1 usi

16、ng everyday English. Each year, the TOEIC is taken in the United States about 20000 times. So how popular does that make it? Well, consider that last year, the test was given more than five million times worldwide. Non-native English speakers take the test to 2 their English skills when seeking a ne

17、w job or a 3 . = Some organizations use the TOEIC to measure 4 in English training programs and as a placement test. The cost of the test is set 5 in each country. In fact, the TOEIC 6 two tests. People can take one or both of them. One is a written test that measures listening and reading skills. T

18、he other test is given on a computer that measures speaking and writing skills. Eleven questions on the computer test require speaking. For example, the test taker is asked to read out loud or 7 a picture. Eight other questions require written answers, including an opinion essay. We visited the ETS

19、Website for more information about the TOEIC. But one of the first things we saw was a warning about a “phishing scam.“ A phishing seam is a kind of crime that uses e-mail to 8 people into providing financial or other personal information. In this case, the e-mails claim to be from the Educational T

20、esting Service. Experts advise people taking the TOEIC to be suspicious of any e-mail 9 from ETS. They should be especially suspicious of messages that ask for information that they have already 10 the test. （分数：71.00）填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)Oversleeping

21、on Saturday after a few weeks of too little shut-eye may feel refreshing, but it can give a false sense of security. New research shows 1 sleep loss cannot be cured that easily. Scientists studied the effects of short-and long-term sleep loss respectively and found that people with long-term sleep l

22、oss may function normally soon after waking up, but experience steadily slower reaction times as the day 2 on, even if they had tried to catch up the previous night. It is work with important safety 3 in an increasingly busy society, not just for shift-workers but for the 4 one in six Americans who

23、regularly get six hours or less of sleep a night. “We know that staying awake 24 hours in a row impairs one“s performance to a level 5 to a blood-alcohol content beyond the legal limit to drive,“ said lead researcher Dr. Daniel Cohen of Boston“s Brigham and Women“s Hospital. The National Institutes

24、of Health says adults need seven hours to nine hours of sleep for good health. Regularly getting too little sleep increases the risk of health problems, including memory impairment and a weakened 6 system. More immediately, too little sleep affects reaction times; sleepiness is to blame for car 7 an

25、d other accidents. It is 8 important for anyone who works “crazy hours“ and thinks they are performing fine with a few hours of weeknight sleep, said Shelby Freedman Harris, behavioral sleep-medicine director at New York“s Montefiore Medical Center, who was not 9 with the new research. “Don“t think

26、you can just 10 on your sleep on the weekend, because it doesn“t work that way,“ Harris warned. A. acute F. crashes K. immune B. bank G. critically L. imparts C. chronic H. crush M. implications D. comparable I. degrade N. roughly E. complement J. involved O. wears（分数：35.50）十一、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.

27、00)Your Perfectionism Has Gotten Out of ControlA. If you“ve ever cried about getting a B + or ending up in second place, there“s a good chance you“re a perfectionist. As a culture, we tend to reward perfectionists for their insistence on setting high standards and relentless drive to meet those stan

28、dards. And perfectionists frequently are high achieversbut the price they pay for success can be chronic unhappiness and dissatisfaction. B. “Reaching for the stars, perfectionists may end up clutching at air,“ psychologist David Burns warned in a 1980 Psychology Today essay. “Perfectionists are esp

29、ecially given to troubled relationships and mood disorders.“ Perfectionism doesn“t have to reach Black Swan levels to wreak havoc on (影响) your life and health. Even casual perfectionists (who may not think of themselves as perfectionists at all) can experience the negative side-effects of their pers

30、onal demand for excellence. Here are some signs that perfectionism could actually be holding you backand simple ways to start letting go. C. Perfectionism often starts in childhood. At a young age, we“re told to reach for the starsparents and teachers encourage their children to become high achiever

31、s and give them gold stars for work well done (and in some cases, punishing them for failing to measure up). Perfectionists learn early on to live by the words “I achieve, therefore I am“ and nothing thrills them quite like impressing others (or themselves) with their performance. Unfortunately, cha

32、sing those straight A“sin school, work and lifecan lead to a lifetime of frustration and self-doubt. “The reach for perfection can be painful because it is often driven by both a desire to do well and a fear of the consequences of not doing well,“ says psychologist Monica Ramirez Basco. “This is the

33、 double-edged sword (双刃剑) of perfectionism.“ D. The prototypical perfectionist is someone who wilt go to great (and often unhealthy) lengths to avoid being average or mediocre, and who takes on a “no pain, no gain“ mentality in their pursuit of greatness. Although perfectionists aren“t necessarily h

34、igh achievers, perfectionism is frequently tied to workaholism. “The perfectionist acknowledges that his relentless standards are stressful and somewhat unreasonable, but he believes they drive him to levels of excellence and productivity he could never attain otherwise,“ Burns writes. E. The great

35、irony of perfectionism is that while it“s characterized by an intense drive to succeed, it can be the very thing that prevents success. Perfectionism is highly correlated with fear of failure (which is generally not the best motivator) and self-defeating behavior, such as excessive procrastination (

36、拖延). Studies have shown that other-oriented perfectionism (a maladaptive form of perfectionism which is motivated by the desire for social approval), is linked with the tendency to put off tasks. Among these other-oriented perfectionists, procrastination stems largely from the anticipation of disapp

37、roval from others, according to York University researchers. Adaptive perfectionists, on the other hand, are less prone to procrastination. F. Being judgmental toward others is a common psychological defense mechanism: we reject in others what we can“t accept in ourselves. And for perfectionists, th

38、ere can be a lot to reject. Perfectionists are highly discriminating, and few are beyond the reach of their critical eye. By being less tough on others, some perfectionists might find that they start easing up on themselves. “Look not to the faults of others, nor to their omissions and commissions,“

39、 the Buddha wisely advised. “But rather look to your own acts, to what you have done and left undone.“ G. Many perfectionists struggle with black-and-white thinkingyou“re a success one moment and a failure the next, based on your latest accomplishment or failureand they do things in extremes. If you

40、 have perfectionist tendencies, you“ll probably only throw yourself into a new project or task if you know there“s a good chance you can succeedand if there“s a risk of failure, you“ll likely avoid it altogether. Studies have found perfectionists to be risk-averse (不喜欢冒险的), which can inhibit innovat

41、ion and creativity. For perfectionists, life is an all or nothing game. When a perfectionist sets her mind to something, her powerful drive and ambition can lead her to stop at nothing to accomplish that goal. It“s unsurprising, then, that perfectionists are at high risk for eating disorders. H. Aut

42、hor and researcher Brene Brown has called perfectionism a “20-ton shield“ that we carry around to protect ourselves from getting hurtbut in most cases, perfectionism simply prevents us from truly connecting with others. Because of their intense fear of failure and rejection, perfectionists often hav

43、e a hard time letting themselves be exposed or vulnerable, according to psychologist Shauna Springer. I. “It is very hard for a perfectionist to share his or her internal experience with a partner,“ Springer writes in Psychology Today. “Perfectionists often feel that they must always be strong and i

44、n control of their emotions. A perfectionist may avoid talking about personal fears, inadequacies, insecurities, and disappointments with others, even with those with whom they are closest. “ J. Whether it“s burning the cookies or being five minutes late for a meeting, the perfection-seeking tend to

45、 obsess over every little mistake. This can add up to a whole lot of meltdowns, existential crises, and grown-up temper tantrums (脾气发作). When your main focus is on failure and you“re driven by the desire to avoid it at all costs, even the smallest infraction is evidence for a grand thesis of persona

46、l failure. “Lacking a deep and consistent source of self-esteem, failures hit especially hard for perfectionists, and may lead to long bouts of depression and withdrawal in some individuals,“ writes Springer. K. Some people hated school, but you loved it, because success was quantifiableyou had assi

47、gnments, grades, feedback, and a teacher whose job it was to provide positive feedback and a pat on the back for a job well-done. You might have been a teacher“s pet, or maybe you were voted “Most likely to succeed“ in the yearbook. The structure of school and easy equation of “work hard, do well. b

48、e rewarded“ is a comfort for most perfectionists. In the real world, success is measured differently. Everything is structured differently. And while you might not ever tell anyone, there“s a part of you that misses that world where it was possible to get an A+ and call it a day.（分数：71.00）(1).We ten

49、d to give bonus to perfectionists for they set high standards and drive themselves to achieve these goals.（分数：7.10）(2).Perfectionists might get worried about even a little mistake.（分数：7.10）(3).Psychologist Shauna Springer believes that perfectionists find it hard to make themselves seem vulnerable for they fear failure and rejection.（分数：7.10）(4).In the views of perfectionists, schools can bring them comfort.（分数：7.10）(5).According to recent studies, perfectionists may lack