大学四级-1821及答案解析.doc

1、大学四级-1821 及答案解析(总分：712.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.大学时光相对宽松，如何利用时间存在争议2. 有学生忙于兼职赚钱；有学生忙于参加各种辅导班以应对考试；有学生无所事事3. 我的观点How to Make the Best of College Life（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：4，分数：70.00)Five Ways to Fix Americas SchoolsAmerican education was once the best in the world

2、 But today, our private and public universities are losing their competitive edge to foreign institutions, they are losing the advertising wars to for-profit colleges and they are losing control over their own admissions because of an ill-conceived ranking system. With the recession causing big sta

3、te budget cuts, the situation in higher education has turned critical. Here are a few radical ideas to improve matters:Raise the age of compulsory educationTwenty-six states require children to attend school until age 16, the rest until 17 or 18, but we should ensure that all children stay in school

4、 until age 19. Simply completing high school no longer provides students with an education sufficient for them to compete in the 21st-century economy. So every child should receive a year of post-secondary education.The benefits of an extra year of schooling are beyond question: high school graduate

5、s can earn more than dropouts, have better health, more stable lives and a longer life expectancy. College graduates do even better. Just as we are moving toward a longer school day (where is it written that learning should end at 3 p. m. ?) and a longer school year (does anyone really believe pupil

6、s need a three-month summer vacation?), so we should move to a longer school career.President Obama recently embraced the possibility of extending public education for a year after high school: “I ask every American to commit to at least one year or more of higher education or career training. “ He

7、suggested that this compulsory post-secondary education could be in a “community college or a four-year school; vocational training or an apprenticeship. “ (I helped start an accredited online school of education, and firmly believe that the coursework could also be delivered to students online. )If

8、 the federal government ultimately pays for the extra year, it would be a turning point at least as important as the, passage of the 1862 Morrill Act that gave rise to the state universities or the 1944 G. I. Bill that made college affordable to our returning service personnel after World War . Ever

9、y college trustee should be insisting that we make the presidents dream a reality.And for those who graduate from high school early: they would receive, each year until they turn 19, a scholarship equal to their states per pupil spending. In New York, that could be nearly $ 5,000 per year. This prop

10、osal which already has been tried in a few states has the neat side effect of encouraging quick learners to graduate early and free up seats in our overcrowded high schools.Use high-pressure sales tactics to curb truancy(旷课)Casual truancy is epidemic; in many cities, including New York, roughly 30 p

11、ercent of public school students are absent a total of a month each year. Not surprisingly, truants become dropouts.But truant officers can borrow a page from salesmen, who have developed high-pressure tactics so effective they can overwhelm the consumers will. Making repeated home visits and early

12、morning phone calls, securing written commitments and eliciting oral commitments in front of witnesses might be egregious (过分的) tactics when used by, say, a credit card company. But these could be valuable ways to compel parents to ensure that their children go to school every day.Advertise creative

13、ly and aggressively to encourage college enrollmentThe University of Phoenix, a private, for-profit institution, spent $ 278 million on advertising, most of it online, in 2007. It was one of the principal sponsors of Super Bowl XL, which was held at University of Phoenix Stadium (not bad for an inst

14、itution that doesnt even have a football team). The University of Phoenixs enrollment has clearly benefited from its advertising budget: with more than 350,000 students, its enrollment is surpassed by only a few state universities.The University of Phoenix and other for profits have also established

15、 a crucial station recruiting and serving older students. Traditional colleges need to do far better, using advertising to attract paying older students and to recruit the more than 70 percent of the population who lack a post-secondary degree. They have a built-in advantage, since attending a for-p

16、rofit college instead of a more prestigious, less expensive public college makes no more sense than buying bottled water when the tap water tastes just as good.Unseal college accreditation reportsSo that the Department of Education can take over the business of ranking colleges and universities. Acc

17、reditation reports rigorous evaluations, prepared by representatives of peer institutions include everything students need to know when making decisions about schools, yet the specifics of most reports remain secret.Instead, students and their parents rely on U. S. News vocational training or an app

18、renticeship. “ (I helped start an accredited online school of education, and firmly believe that the coursework could also be delivered to students online. )If the federal government ultimately pays for the extra year, it would be a turning point at least as important as the, passage of the 1862 Mor

19、rill Act that gave rise to the state universities or the 1944 G. I. Bill that made college affordable to our returning service personnel after World War . Every college trustee should be insisting that we make the presidents dream a reality.And for those who graduate from high school early: they wou

20、ld receive, each year until they turn 19, a scholarship equal to their states per pupil spending. In New York, that could be nearly $ 5,000 per year. This proposal which already has been tried in a few states has the neat side effect of encouraging quick learners to graduate early and free up seats

21、in our overcrowded high schools.Use high-pressure sales tactics to curb truancy(旷课)Casual truancy is epidemic; in many cities, including New York, roughly 30 percent of public school students are absent a total of a month each year. Not surprisingly, truants become dropouts.But truant officers can b

22、orrow a page from salesmen, who have developed high-pressure tactics so effective they can overwhelm the consumers will. Making repeated home visits and early morning phone calls, securing written commitments and eliciting oral commitments in front of witnesses might be egregious (过分的) tactics when

23、used by, say, a credit card company. But these could be valuable ways to compel parents to ensure that their children go to school every day.Advertise creatively and aggressively to encourage college enrollmentThe University of Phoenix, a private, for-profit institution, spent $ 278 million on adver

24、tising, most of it online, in 2007. It was one of the principal sponsors of Super Bowl XL, which was held at University of Phoenix Stadium (not bad for an institution that doesnt even have a football team). The University of Phoenixs enrollment has clearly benefited from its advertising budget: with

25、 more than 350,000 students, its enrollment is surpassed by only a few state universities.The University of Phoenix and other for profits have also established a crucial station recruiting and serving older students. Traditional colleges need to do far better, using advertising to attract paying old

26、er students and to recruit the more than 70 percent of the population who lack a post-secondary degree. They have a built-in advantage, since attending a for-profit college instead of a more prestigious, less expensive public college makes no more sense than buying bottled water when the tap water t

27、astes just as good.Unseal college accreditation reportsSo that the Department of Education can take over the business of ranking colleges and universities. Accreditation reports rigorous evaluations, prepared by representatives of peer institutions include everything students need to know when makin

28、g decisions about schools, yet the specifics of most reports remain secret.Instead, students and their parents rely on U. S. News vocational training or an apprenticeship. “可知社区大学、职业培训和见习期都属于奥巴马总统提到的义务的中学后教育，只有 D)项未提到，故选 D)项。(4).What happened in 19447A. The federal government finally paid for the ex

29、tra year.B. Morrill Act was passed to give rise to the state universities.C. G.I. Bill was passed to make college affordable.D. High school graduates began to receive a scholarship.（分数：7.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 由题干关键词 1944 定位到文章第五段第一句：If the federal government. it would be a turning point at least as impo

30、rtant as.the 1944 G. I. Bill that made college affordable to our returning service personnel after World war . 可知美国 1944 年通过了 G. I. 法案，使得二战后回来的人员能够上得起大学，故选 C)项。(5).Truant officers can solve the problem by _.A. borrowing a page of paper from salesmenB. developing tactics to overwhelm peoples wiltC. l

31、earning effective tactics from the businessD. compelling parents through a credit card company（分数：7.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 由题干关键词 Truant officers, solve the problem 定位到第八段第一句：But truant officers can borrow a page from salesmen，who have developed high-pressure tactics so effective they can overwhelm the c

32、onsumer S will. 可知负责管理旷课事务的官员可以借鉴商人们的成功经验，此处的 borrow a page 是一种比喻的说法，意为“学习，借鉴”，故选 C)项。(6).According to the passage, in 2007, $ 278 million was spent on _.A. advertising for University of Phoenix B. online advertising for private institutionC. sponsoring for Super Bowl XLII D. enrollment of more than

33、 350,000 students（分数：7.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 由题于关键词 2007，$278 million 定位到第九段第一句：The University of Phoenix, a private, for-profit institution，spent $ 278 million on advertising, most of it online, in 2007. 可知凤凰城大学在 2007 年广告花费了 2.78 亿美元，故选 A)项。(7).Which of the following is NOT true about the accreditation

34、 reports?A. They are rigorous evaluations.B. They are prepared by representatives of peer institutions.C. They include everything about choosing schools.D. They are thoroughly open to the public.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 由题干关键词 accreditation reports 定位到第十一段第二句：Accreditation reports. yet the specifics

35、of most reports remain secret. 可知大部分评审报告的细节还是个秘密，故 D)项错误。2.To improve higher education, the most important thing we should do is to produce 1.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：more qualified applicants）解析：解析 由题干关键词 improve higher education, the most important thing 定位到第十三段第一句：The biggest improvement we can mak

36、e in higher education is to produce more qualified applicants. 可知大学教育要提高，最重要的是在于教育出更多合格的申请者。3.In 2007, the proportion of research doctorates awarded to foreigners is 1.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：more than a third）解析：解析 由题干关键词 2007, the proportion of research doctorates awarded to foreigners定位到第十四段第一句:.

37、in 2007, more than a third of all research doctorates were awarded to foreigners. 可知 2007 年的研究型博士学位中，颁发给外国人的比例多于三分之一。4.Besides better teachers, smaller classes and more modern schools, we can solve the problem by improving parenting skills and providing struggling parents 1.（分数：7.00）填空项 1:_ （正确答案：wi

38、th assistance）解析：解析 由题干关键词 better teachers, smaller classes and more modern schools 定位到倒数第二段最后两句：Better teachers, smaller classes and more modern schools are all part of the solution. But improving parenting skills and providing struggling parents with assistance are part of the solution too. 可知除了更好

39、的老师，更小的班级和更现代化的学校之外，解决的方法还有提高为人父母的技巧以及对处境艰难的父母提供帮助。三、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Section A(总题数：4，分数：105.00)(1).A. He agrees with the woman.B. He hasnt been to a game recently.C. He doesnt think the team has been playing well.D. He doesnt know much about football.（分数：7.00）A.B.C. D.解析：解析 W: I t

40、hink our football teams got a good chance of winning the championship this year.M: What? Are you kidding? Have you seen them play in the recent games?Q: What does the man imply?听前预测 根据关键词 He, agrees, think, know 推测提问男士对某件事的看法。答案解析 女士说球队今年很可能拿冠军，男士回答说“开玩笑吧，你没看到他们最近的比赛吗?”暗示球队近来表现不佳，夺冠希望不大，故选 C)项。(2).A

41、 She cant see the rain. B. She cant stand the rain.C. She likes to take a walk in the rain. D. The man probably thinks she is crazy.（分数：7.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 M: Look, its pouring again. We have had so much rain in a long time.W: Yeah. I wont be able to put up with it much longer before going crazy.Q:

42、 What does the woman mean?听前预测 根据关键词 She, can t, stand, rain 推测提问与女士对下雨的态度有关。答案解析 男士说一直在下大雨，女士说受不了这雨，再下简直要发疯了，故选 B)项。put up with 意为“忍受”。(3).A. Shell speak to Bill about the problem.B. Bill has apologized to his brother.C. Bill and his brother should be polite to each other.D. Bills brother may be pa

43、rtly responsible for the problem.（分数：7.00）A.B.C.D. 解析：解析 M: Can you believe the way Bill was talking to his brother? No wonder they dont get along.W: Well, maybe Bill was just reacting to something his brother said. There are two sides to every story you know.Q: What does the woman mean?听前预测 根据关键词 B

44、ill, Bill s brother 推测话题与 Bill 和他兄弟的关系有关。答案解析 男士问女士是否看到 Bill 和他哥哥说话的方式了，难怪他们兄弟相处不好，暗示这是 Bill的问题；女士说也许 Bill 只是对他哥哥的话反应强烈，别忘了一个巴掌拍不响，暗示：Bill 的哥哥也有责任。故选 D)项。get along 意为“相处”。(4).A. Get the professors approval. B. Start writing right now.C. Come up with another idea. D. Ask friends for help.（分数：7.00）A.

45、B.C.D.解析：解析 M: Ive got this great idea for my paper, and Im really excited about sitting down to write it.W: Wouldnt it be wise to get Professor Johnson to approve it first?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?听前预测 选项均为动词短语，推测提问与建议或计划有关；根据 professor, writing, 推测也许与写论文有关。答案解析 男士说论文有了好题目，迫不及待地要开始

46、写了，女士提醒他是不是先获得 Professor Johnson 的批准更明智，该句式常用于客气地提出建议，故选 A)项。(5).A. Gardening. B. Farming. C. Cleaning. D. Planting.（分数：7.00）A. B.C.D.解析：解析 W: Have you got a job for the summer, Jimmy?M: Yeah. I do yard work for the neighborhood. You know, cutting grass, planting trees, raking fallen leaves, pulling

47、 out weeds, things like that.Q: What does Jimmy do?听前预测 选项均为动名词，推测考查对话一方的爱好或工作。答案解析 女士问男士暑期的工作，男士说他做割草、栽树、扫落叶、除草之类的工作，关键要理解这些都是园丁 gardener 的活，可见 Jimmy 暑期做 gardening“园艺”。(1).A. It was better than expected. B. It was a complete success.C. It did not turn out as expected. D. It was cancelled.（分数：7.00）A

48、B.C. D.解析：解析 W: How did the field trip go last weekend? I guess it must be a great success.M: Well, half the class was absent, which is quite out of expectation.Q: What can be inferred about the trip from the conversation?听前预测 根据关键词 It, expected, success, cancelled 推测提问某件事的进展。答案解析 女士问男士上周野外考察是否成功，男

49、士回答说大半个班的学生没去，这很意外，由此可知活动情况没有预料的好。故选 C)项。(2).A. He is missing the school life. B. He is homesick.C. He doesnt study well. D. He is in trouble.（分数：7.00）A.B. C.D.解析：解析 W: I saw Antoine today and he sure seemed down.M: Maybe its because he has to take classes this summer and wont get back home to see his friends.Q: What can be i