大学英语六级-57及答案解析.doc

1、大学英语六级-57 及答案解析(总分：710.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay commenting on the remark “Earth provides enough to satisfy every mans need, but not every mans greed.“ You can cite examples to illustrate your point. You sho

2、uld write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. Write your essay on Answer Sheet 1.（分数：106.50）_二、Part Listening Com(总题数：0，分数：0.00)三、Section A(总题数：4，分数：106.50)(1).A. The man happened to see Anna fall on her back.B. The serious accident may leave Anna paralyzed.C. The doctors therapy has been

3、 very successful.D. The injury will confine Anna to bed for quite a while.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Give his contribution some time later. B. Borrow some money from the woman.C. Buy an expensive gift for Gemma. D. Take up a collection next week.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Add more fruits and vegetables to

4、 her diet. B. Ask Tony to convey thanks to his mother.C. Tell Tonys mother that she eats no meat. D. Decline the invitation as early as possible.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. She phoned Fred about the book. B. She was late for the appointment. C. She ran into Fred on her way here. D. She often keeps other

5、 people waiting.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(5).A. Simply raise the issue in their presentation. B. Find more relevant information for their work.C. Put more effort into preparing for the presentation. D. Just make use of whatever information is available.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. He needs a vehicle to be used i

6、n harsh weather. B. He has a fairly large collection of quality tracks.C. He has had his truck adapted for cold temperatures. D. He does routine truck maintenance for the woman.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Visit a different store for a silk or cotton shirt. B. Get a discount on the shirt she is going to

7、buy. C. Look for a shirt of a more suitable color and size. D. Replace the shirt with one of some other material.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Not many people have read his article. B. He regrets having published the article.C. Most readers do not share his viewpoints. D. The woman is only trying to conso

8、le him.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. To test how responsive dolphins are to various signals.B. To examine how long it takes dolphins to acquire a skill.C. To see if dolphins can learn to communicate with each other.D. To find out if the female dolphin is cleverer than the male one.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A.

9、Press the right-hand lever first. B. Produce the appropriate sound. C. Raise their heads above the water. D. Swim straight into the same tank.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Both dolphins were put in the same tank. B. The male dolphin received more rewards. C. The lever was beyond the dolphins reach. D. Onl

10、y one dolphin was able to see the light.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(1).A. Good or bad, they are there to stay. B. Believe it or not, they have survived.C. Like it or not, you have to use them. D. Gain or lose, they should be modernised.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. The frequent train delays. B. The monopoly of Brit

11、ish Railways. C. The food sold on the trains. D. The high train ticket fares.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. Competition from other modes of transport. B. The low efficiency of their operation.C. Constant complaints from passengers. D. The passing of the new transport act.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. They will b

12、e de-nationalised. B. They lose a lot of money. C. They are fast disappearing. D. They provide worse service.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.四、Section B(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. Iced coffees sold by some popular chains are contaminated.B. Some iced coffees have as many calories as a hot di

13、nner.C. Some brand-name coffees contain harmful substances.D. Drinking coffee after a meal is more likely to cause obesity.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. Have some fresh fruit. B. Take a hot shower. C. Exercise at the gym. D. Eat a hot dinner.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They could enjoy a happier family life.B

14、 They could greatly improve their work efficiency.C. Many embarrassing situations could be avoided.D. Many cancer cases could be prevented.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.六、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：21.30)(1).A. It has attracted worldwide attention. B. It will change the concept of food.C. It can help solve global foo

15、d crises. D. It will become popular gradually.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. It comes regularly from its donors. B. It has been drastically cut by NASA.C. It has been increased over the years. D. It is still far from being sufficient.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They are less healthy than we expected. B. They a

16、re not as natural as we believed. C. They are not as expensive as before. D. They are more nutritious and delicious.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.七、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：28.40)(1).A. Writing articles on family violence. B. Hunting news for the daily headlines.C. Reporting criminal offenses in Greenville. D. Cov

17、ering major events of the day in the city.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(2).A. It has fewer violent crimes than big cities. B. It is a much safer place than it used to be.C. Assaults often happen on school campuses. D. Rapes rarely occur in the downtown areas.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(3).A. They are very destructive. B.

18、 There are a wide range of cases.C. There has been a rise in such crimes. D. They have aroused fear among the residents.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.(4).A. Offer help to crime victims. B. Work as a newspaper editor. C. Write about something pleasant. D. Do some research on local politics.（分数：7.10）A.B.C.D.八、Sect

19、ion C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)George Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, our parents tell us who we are. “Youre (26) .“ “Youre so strong.“ We first see ourselves through the eyes of

20、others, so their messages form important (27) of our self-concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, (28) partners, and coworkers who communicate their views of us. Thus, how we see ourselves reflects the views of us that others communicate.The (29) connection between identity and communica

21、tion is dramatically evident in children who (30) human contact. Case studies of children who were isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely hindered by lack of language.Communication with others not only affects our se

22、nse of identity but also directly influences our physical and emotional (31) . Consistently, research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation (32) stress, disease, and early death. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than

23、 people who are close to others. A group of researchers reviewed (33) studies that traced the relationship between health and interaction with others. The conclusion was that social isolation is (34) as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity. Many doctors and researchers believe that

24、loneliness harms the immune system, making us more (35) to a range of minor and major illnesses.（分数：71.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_九、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)十、Section A(总题数：1，分数：35.50)To understand why we should be concerned about how young peopl

25、e read, it helps to know something about the way the ability to read evolved. Unlike the ability to understand and produce spoken language, the ability to read must be painstakingly (36) by each individual. The “reading circuits“ we construct in the brain can be (37) or they can be robust, depending

26、 on how often and how (38) we use them.The deep reader enters a state of hypnotic trance (心醉神迷的状态). When readers are enjoying the experience the most, the pace of their reading (39) slows. The combination of fast, fluent decoding of words and slow, unhurried progress on the page gives deep readers t

27、ime to enrich their reading with reflection and analysis. It gives them time to establish an (40) relationship with the author, the two of them (41) in a long and warm conversation like people falling in love.This is not reading as many young people know it. Their reading is instrumental: the differ

28、ence between what literary critic Frank Kermode calls “carnal (肉体的) reading“ and “spiritual reading“. If we allow our offspring to believe carnal reading is all there isif we dont open the door to spiritual reading, through an early (42) on discipline and practicewe will have (43) them of an enjoyab

29、le experience they would not otherwise encounter. Observing young peoples (44) to digital devices, some progressive educators tank about “meeting kids where they are,“ molding instruction around their onscreen habits. This is mistaken. We need, (45) , to show them someplace theyve never been, a plac

30、e only deep reading can take them.A. acquired B. actually C. attachment D. cheated E. engagedF. feeble G. illicit H. insistence I. intimate J. notwithstandingK. petition L. rather M. scarcely N. swayed O. vigorously（分数：35.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_十一、Se

31、ction B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Into the UnknownThe world has never seen population ageing before. Can it cope?A Until the early 1990s nobody much thought about whole populations getting older. The UN had the foresight to convene a “world assembly on ageing“ back in 1982, but that came and went. By 1994 the

32、World Bank had noticed that something big was happening. In a report entitled “Averting the Old Age Crisis“, it argued that pension arrangements in most countries were unsustainable.B For the next ten years a succession of books, mainly by Americans, sounded the alarm. They had titles like Young vs

33、Old, Gray Dawn and The Coming Generational Storm, and their message was blunt: health-care systems were heading for the rocks, pensioners were taking young people to the cleaners, and soon there would be intergenerational warfare.C Since then the debate has become less emotional, not least because a

34、 lot more is known about the subject. Books, conferences and research papers have multiplied. International organisations such as the OECD and the EU issue regular reports. Population ageing is on every agenda, from G8 economic conferences to NATO summits. The World Economic Forum plans to consider

35、the future of pensions and health care at its prestigious Davos conference early next year. The media, including this newspaper, are giving the subject extensive coverage.D Whether all that attention has translated into sufficient action is another question. Governments in rich countries now accept

36、that their pension and health-care promises will soon become unaffordable, and many of them have embarked on reforms, but so far only timidly. That is not surprising: politicians with an eye on the next election will hardly rush to introduce unpopular measures that may not bear fruit for years, perh

37、aps decades.E The outline of the changes needed is clear. To avoid fiscal (财政的) meltdown, public pensions and health-care provision with have to be reined back severely and taxes may have to go up. By far the most effective method to restrain pension spending is to give people the opportunity to wor

38、k longer, because it increases tax revenues and reduces spending on pensions at the same time. It may even keep them alive longer. John Rother, the AARPs head of policy and strategy, points to studies showing that other things being equal, people who remain at work have lower death rates than their

39、retired peers.F Younger people today mostly accept that they will have to work for longer and that their pensions will be less generous. Employers still need to be persuaded that older workers are worth holding on to. That may be because they have had plenty of younger ones to choose from, partly th

40、anks to the post-war babyboom and partly because over the past few decades many more women have entered the labour force, increasing employers choice. But the reservoir of women able and willing to take up paid work is running low, and the baby-boomers are going grey.G In many countries immigrants h

41、ave been filling such gaps in the labour force as have already emerged (and remember that the real shortage is still around ten years off). Immigration in the developed world is the highest it has ever been, and it is making a useful difference. In still-fertile America it currently accounts for abo

42、ut 40% of total population growth, and in fast-ageing western Europe for about 90%.H On the face of it, it seems the perfect solution. Many developing countries have lots of young people in need of jobs; many rich countries need helping hands that will boost tax revenues and keep up economic growth.

43、 But over the next few decades labour forces in rich countries are set to shrink so much that inflows of immigrants would have to increase enormously to compensate: to at least twice their current size in western Europes most youthful countries, and three times in the older ones. Japan would need a

44、large multiple of the few immigrants it has at present. Public opinion polls show that people in most rich countries already think that immigration is too high. Further big increases would be politically unfeasible.I To tackle the problem of ageing populations at its root, “old“ countries would have

45、 to rejuvenate (使年轻) themselves by having more of their own children. A number of them have tried, some more successfully than others. But it is not a simple matter of offering financial incentives or providing more child care. Modern urban life in rich countries is not well adapted to large familie

46、s. Women find it hard to combine family and career. They often compromise by having just one child.J And if fertility in ageing countries does not pick up? It will not be the end of the world, at least not for quite a while yet, but the world will slowly become a different place. Older societies may

47、 be less innovative and more strongly disinclined to take risks than younger ones. By 2025 at the latest, about half the voters in America and most of those in western European countries will be over 50and older people turn out to vote in much greater numbers than younger ones. Academic studies have

48、 found no evidence so far that older voters have used their power at the ballot box to push for policies that specifically benefit them, though if in future there are many more of them they might start doing so.K Nor is there any sign of the intergenerational warfare predicted in the 1990s. After all, older people themselves mostly have families. In a recent study of parents and grown-up children in 11 European countries, K