大学英语六级261及答案解析.doc

1、大学英语六级 261及答案解析(总分：448.04，做题时间：132 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Information in the Modern Society. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese. 1. 现代社会中信息的获得越来越重要 2. 我获得信息

2、的主要渠道(如：图书馆、报纸、电视、电台、网络等) 3. 我是如何利用信息的(和别人交流，用于学习中等) （分数：30.00）_二、Part II Reading C(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Work and Play What do we mean by leisure, and why should we assume that it represents a problem to be solved by the arts? The great ages of art were not conspicuous for their leisure-at least, art was

3、not an activity associated with leisure. It was a craft like any other, concerned with the making of necessary things. Leisure, in the present meaning of the word, did not exist. Leisure, before the Industrial Revolution, meant no more than“ time“ or “ opportunity“ ; “ If your leisure served, I woul

4、d speak with you“ , says one of Shakespeares characters. Phrases which we still use, such as “at your leisure“ , preserve this original meaning. But when we speak of leisure nowadays, we are not thinking of securing time or opportunity to do something; time is heavy on our hands and the problem is h

5、ow to fill it. Leisure no longer signifies a space with some difficulty secured against the pressure of events: rather it is a pervasive emptiness for which we must invent occupations. Leisure is a vacuum, a desperate state of vacancy-a vacancy of mind and body. It has been commandeered by the socio

6、logists and the psychologists: it is a problem. Our diurnal existence is divided into two phases, as distinct as day and night. We call them work and play. We work so many hours a day, and, when we have allowed the necessary minimum for such activities as eating and shopping, the rest we spend in va

7、rious activities which are known as recreations, an elegant word which disguises the fact that we usually do not even play in our hours of leisure, but spend them in various forms of passive enjoyment or entertainment-not football but watching football matches; not acting, but theatre -going; not wa

8、lking, but riding in a motor coach. We need to make, therefore, a hard and fast distinction not only between work and play but, equally, between active play and passive entertainment. It is, I suppose, the decline of active play of amateur sport and the enormous growth of purely receptive entertainm

9、ent which has given rise to a sociological interest in the problem. If the greater part of the population, instead of indulging in sport, spend their hours of leisure viewing television programmes, there will inevitably be a decline in health and physique. And, in addition, there will be a psycholog

10、ical problem, for we have yet to trace the mental and moral consequences of a prolonged diet of sentimental or sensational spectacles on the screen. There is, if we are optimistic, the possibility that the diet is too thin and unnourishing to have much permanent effect on anybody. Nine films out of

11、ten seem to leave absolutely no impression on the mind or imagination of those who see them: few people can give a coherent account of the film they saw the week before last, and at longer intervals they must rely on the management to see that they do not sit through the same film twice. We have to

12、live art if we would be affected by art. We have to paint rather than look at paintings, to play instruments rather than go to concerts, to dance and sing and act ourselves, engaging all our senses in the ritual and discipline of the arts. Then something may begin to happen to us: to work upon our b

13、odies and our souls. It is only when entertainment is active, participated in, practised, that it can properly be called play, and as such it is a natural use of leisure. In that sense play stands in contrast to work, and is usually regarded as an activity that alternates with work. It is there that

14、 the final and most fundamental error enters into our conception of daily life. Work itself is not a single concept. We say quite generally that we work in order to make a living: to earn, that is to say, sufficient tokens which we can exchange for food and shelter and all the other needs of our exi

15、stence. But some of us work physically, tilling the land, minding the machines, digging the coal; others work mentally, keeping accounts, inventing machines, teaching and preaching, managing and governing. There does not seem to be any factor common to all these diverse occupations, except that they

16、 consume our time, and leave us little leisure. We may next observe that one mans profession or work is often another mans recreation or play. The merchant at the weekend becomes a hunter (he has not yet taken to mining); the clerk becomes a gardener; the machine-tender becomes a breeder of bull-ter

17、riers. There is, of course, a sound instinct behind such transformations. The body and mind are unconsciously seeking compensation-muscular coordination, mental integration. But in many cases a dissociation is set up and the individual leads a double life-one half Jekyll, the other half Hyde. There

18、is a profound moral behind that story of Stevensons, for the compensation which a disintegrated personality may seek will often be of an anti-social nature. The Nazi party, for example, in its early days was largely recruited from the bored-not so much from the unemployed as from the street-corner s

19、ociety of listless hooligans. Scientific studies have been made of street-corner society, out of which crime, gangsterdom, and fascism inevitably develop. It is a society with leisure-that is to say, spare timeand without compensatory occupation. It does not need a Satan to find mischief for such id

20、le hands to do. They will spontaneously itch to do something: muscles have a life of their own unless they are trained to purposeful actions. Actions, or rather activities, are the obvious reflex to leisure; they consume it, and leave the problem solved. But work is also activity, and if we reach th

21、e conclusion that all our time must be filled with one activity or another, the distinction between work and play becomes rather meaningless, and what we mean by play is merely a change of occupation. We pass from one form of activity to another; one we call work, and for that we receive pay; the ot

22、her we call play, and for that we receive no pay-on the contrary, we probably pay a subscription. （分数：71.00）(1).Activities such as eating and shopping are generally included in “play“.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Today leisure means the time in which we have nothing to do.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Activities

23、 such as painting, dancing and singing should not be regarded as “play“.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).The words “work“ and “play“ are generally used to refer to day and night.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).According to the author, one mans profession or work is often another mans 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(6).Before the I

24、ndustrial Revolution, leisure meant 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(7).Our diurnal existence is divided into two phase 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(8).Work is also activity, so our time must be filled with 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(9).Work itself is not a single, concept, we work in order to make 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_(10).We usuall

25、y do not play in our hours of leisure but spend them in various of 1.（分数：7.10）填空项 1:_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.To cancel his trip.B.To go to bed early.C.To catch a later flight.D.To ask for a wake-up call.A.They have different opinions as to what to do next.B.They have to pay for the n

26、urse by installments.C.They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.D.The mans attitude is more sensible than the womans.A.She will save the stamps for the mans sister.B.She will no longer get letters from Canada.C.She cant give the stamps to the mans sister.D.She has given the stamps to the mans roomm

27、ates.A.Visiting the Brownings.B.Writing a postcard.C.Looking for a postcard.D.Filling in a form.A.The man should work with somebody else.B.The man should meet his partners needs.C.They should come to a compromise.D.They should find a better lab for the projects.A.She cant finish her assignment, eith

28、er.B.She cant afford a computer right now.C.The man can use her computer.D.The man should buy a computer right now.A.The visiting economist has given several lectures.B.The guest lecturers opinion is different from Dr. Johnsons.C.Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D.Dr. Johnson invit

29、ed the economist to visit their college.A.Shes never watched a letter game.B.Football is her favorite pastime.C.The game has been canceled.D.Their team played very badly.四、Section A(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.He drives too fast.B.He plays his guitar too loudly.C.His radio wakes her children up.D.His friends a

30、re too noisy.A.At midnight.B.In the morning.C.When the car is turned off.D.When the neighbors son leaves for work.A.Nancy should call the neighbors to complain.B.Nancy should introduce her children to the neighbors.C.Nancy should ask the neighbor s son to babyish.D.Nancy should bring the neighbors a

31、 gift.A.The apartment is too far from the campus.B.The apartment needs a lot of repair work.C.Shes having trouble with the owner of the apartment.D.Her roommate wont share expenses.A.The women didnt pay their rent on time.B.She cant find anyone to repair the dishwasher.C.She had to buy a new dishwas

32、her.D.Paula had some repairs done without her permission.A.He has some knowledge of the law.B.He had the same problem.C.He knows the owner.D.He can bring a lawsuit against the owner.A.At 10:00.B.At 8:00.C.At 7:30.D.At 8:30.五、Section B(总题数：3，分数：30.00)A.At a country school in Mexico.B.In a mountain va

33、lley of Spain.C.At a small American college.D.In a small village in Chile.A.By expanding their minds and horizons.B.By financing their elementary education.C.By setting up a small primary school.D.By setting them an inspiring example.A.She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B.She was

34、a talented designer of original school curriculums.C.She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D.She made outstanding contributions to childrens education.A.She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B.She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C.She translated her books into many

35、 languages.D.She advised many statesmen on international affairs.A.He had psychic powers.B.He was an educated man.C.He went to school at the age of six.D.He died in 1929.A.Peoples health.B.Peoples lives and futures.C.The end of the world.D.The Great Depression of 1929.A.To see films.B.To read books

36、in the library.C.To attend lectures.D.To visit the Association.A.Because he was a cook at a country-music club.B.Because he performed for guests while he worked as a cook.C.Because he often sang while cooking.D.Because he liked singing better than cooking.A.His brother.B.His manager.C.His father.D.A

37、 business woman.A.At a club.B.On a farm.C.At a construction site.D.In a record company.A.His ability to live independently.B.His sense of responsibility in whatever he did.C.His courage in the face of rejections.D.His hard work in his early days.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Most people feel lonely som

38、etimes. But it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not (36) 1. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people though, loneliness can last for years. Now (37) 2 say there are three different types of loneliness. The first kind of loneliness is (38) 3 Thi

39、s is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, (39) 4 loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, a family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness c

40、an cause (40) 5 problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year. The third kind of loneliness is the most (41) 6 Unlike the second type, chronic loneliness usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who (42) 7 habitual loneliness

41、have problems (43) 8 and becoming close to others. (44) 9to improve their conditions. (45) 10 , e.g., friends, family members, co-workers, etc. We depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our

42、friends share similar interests and activities. (46) 11. They question their own popularity. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：177.00)We all have offensive breath at one time or another. In most cases, offensive bre

43、ath emanates from bacteria in the mouth, although there are other, more surprising causes. Until a few years ago, the most doctors could do was to counsel patients with bad breath about oral cleanliness. Now they are finding new ways to treat the usually curable condition. Bad breath can happen when

44、ever the normal flow of saliva (唾液) slows. Our mouths are full of bacteria feeding on protein in bits of food and shed tissue. The bacteria emit evil-smelling gases, the worst of which is hydrogen sulfide (硫化物). Mouth bacteria thrive in airless conditions. Oxygen-rich saliva keeps their numbers down

45、. When we sleep, for example, the saliva stream slows, and sulfur-producing bacteria gain the upper hand, producing classic“ morning breath“. Alcohol, hunger, too much talking, breathing through the mouth during exercise - anything that dries the mouth produces bad breath. So can stress, though its

46、not understood why. Some peoples breath turns sour every time they go on a job interview. Saliva flow gradually slows with age, which explains why the elderly have more bad-breath trouble than younger people do. Babies, however, who make plenty of saliva and whose mouths contain relatively few bacte

47、ria have characteristically sweet breath. For most of us, the simple, dry-mouth variety of bad breath is easily cured. Eating or drinking starts saliva and sweeps away many of the bacteria. Breakfast often stops morning breath. Those with chronic dry mouth find that it helps to keep gum, hard candy,

48、 or a bottle of water or juice around. Brushing the teeth wipes out dry-mouth bad breath because it clears away many of the offending bacteria. Surprisingly, one thing that rarely works is mouthwash. The liquid can mask bad-breath odor with its own smell, but the effect lasts no more than an hour. Some mouthwashes claim to kill the bacteria responsible for bad breath. The trouble is, they dont necessarily reach all offending germs. Most bacteria are well