大学英语六级卷一真题2015年12月及答案解析.doc

1、大学英语六级卷一真题 2015 年 12 月及答案解析(总分：710.50，做题时间：120 分钟)一、Part I Writing (3(总题数：1，分数：106.50)1.Direction: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short eaasy based on the picture below. You should focus on the difficulty in acquiring useful information in spite of advanced information technolo

2、gy. You are required to write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words. （分数：106.50）_二、Part II Listening Co(总题数：1，分数：56.80)A.The woman should mix the ingredients thoroughly.B.The dressing makes the mixed salad very inviting.C.The restaurant is known for its food varieties.D.The restaurant offers

3、 some specials each day.A.He took over the firm from Mary.B.He failed to foresee major problems.C.He is opening a new consulting firm.D.He is running a successful business.A.The printer in the office has run out of paper.B.The man may find the supplies in the cabinet.C.The man can leave the discs in

4、 the office cabinet.D.Someone should be put in charge of office supplies.A.The woman can use his glasses to read.B.He has the dictionary the woman wants.C.The dictionary is not of much help to him.D.He has to use a magnifying glass to see clearly.A.Seeking professional advice.B.Adding some office fu

5、rniture.C.Redecorating her office.D.Majoring in interior design.A.Shortage of container ships.B.Delayed shipment of goods.C.Improvement of port facilities.D.Problems in port management.A.A colleague.B.Their workload.C.Their boss.D.A coffee machine.A.Call the hotel manager for help.B.Get an expert to

6、 correct the error.C.Hold the banquet at a different place.D.Postpone the event until a later date.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.He cooks dinner for the family occasionally.B.He dines out from time to time with friends.C.He shares some of the househo

7、ld duties.D.He often goes back home late for dinner.A.To take him to dinner.B.To talk about a budget plan.C.To discuss an urgent problem.D.To pass on an important message.A.Foreign investors are losing confidence in Indias economy.B.Many multinational enterprises are withdrawing from India.C.There i

8、s a sharp increase in Indias balance of payment deficit.D.There are wild fluctuations in the international money market.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.（分数：28.40）A.They try to adapt to their changing roles.B.They form a more realistic picture of life.C.They may n

9、ot be prepared for a lifelong relationship.D.They have unrealistic expectations about the other half.A.He is lucky to be able to do what he loves.B.He is able to meet many interesting people.C.He is able to forget all the troubles in his life.D.He is lucky to have visited many exotic places.A.It is

10、stressful.B.It is all glamour.C.It is full of fun.D.It is challenging.A.Amazed.B.Bothered.C.Puzzled.D.Excited.四、Section C(总题数：3，分数：71.00)Passage One Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.Learn to be respectful in a hierarchical organization.B.Follow closely the

11、fast development of technology.C.Learn new ways of relating and working together.D.Maintain the traditional organizational culture.A.How the team is built to keep improving its performance.B.What type of personnel the team should be composed of.C.How the team integrates with what it is supposed to s

12、erve.D.What qualifications team members should be equipped with.A.A team manager must set very clear and high objectives.B.Teams must consist of members from different cultures.C.Team members should be knowledgeable and creative.D.A team manager should develop a certain set of skills.Passage Two Que

13、stions 19 to 22 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：21.30）A.It is a program allowing people to share information on the Web.B.It started off as a successful program but was unable to last long.C.It was mainly used by scientists and technical people to exchange text.D.It is a platform fo

14、r sharing ideas or teaching at the University of Illinois.A.He visited a number of famous computer scientists.B.He met with an entrepreneur named Jim Clark.C.He invested in a leading computer business.D.He sold a program developed by his friends.A.They trusted his computer expertise.B.They had confi

15、dence in his new ideas.C.They were very keen on new technology.D.They believed in his business connections.Passage Three Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.（分数：28.40）A.Word-of-mouth advertising.B.Distributing free trial products.C.Prestige advertising.D.Institutional adv

16、ertising.A.To sell a particular product.B.To attract high-end consumers.C.To promote a specific service.D.To build up their reputation.A.By creating their own ads and commercials.B.By buying media space in leading newspapers.C.By hiring their own professional advertising staff.D.By using the service

17、s of large advertising agencies.A.Conduct a large-scale survey on customer needs.B.Specify the objectives of the campaign in detail.C.Pre-test alternative ads or commercials in certain regions.D.Decide on what specific means of communication to employ.五、Section C(总题数：1，分数：71.50)Extinction is a diffi

18、cult concept to grasp. It is an（26） 1concept. Its not at all like the killing of individual lifeforms that can be renewed through normal processes of reproduction. Nor is it simply（27） 2numbers. Nor is tit damage that can somehow be remedied or for which some substitute can be remedied by some super

19、natural power. It is rather an（28） 3and final act for which there is no remedy on earth or in heaven. A species once extinct is gone forever. However many generations（29） 4us in coming centuries, none of them will ever see this species that we extinguish. Not only are we bringing about the extinctio

20、n of life（30） 5, we are also making the land and the air and the sea so toxic that the very conditions of life are being destroyed. （31） 6basic natural resources, not only are the nonrenewable resources being（32） 7in a frenzy（疯狂）of processing, consuming, and（33） 8, but we are also ruining much of ou

21、r renewable resources, such as the very soil itself on which terrestrial（地球上的）life depends. The change that is taking place on the earth and in our minds is one of the greatest changes ever to take place in human affairs, perhaps the greatest, since what we are talking about is not simply another hi

22、storical change or（34） 9, but a change of geological and biological as well as psychological order of（35） 10.（分数：71.50）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_六、Part III Reading Com(总题数：1，分数：35.50)As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting by on fewer hours has beco

23、me a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture that_（37）to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shopping sites that never close. Its no surprise, then, that more than half of American adults dont get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as_（38）by sleep experts. Whether or not

24、 we can catch up on sleepon the weekend, sayis a hotly（39）_topic among sleep researches. The latest evidence suggests that while it isnt（40）_, it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher and professor of medicine, brought（41）_sleep-restricted people into the lab for a weekend of sleep during

25、which they logged about 10 hours per night, they showed（42）_in the ability of insulin（胰岛素）to process blood sugar. That suggests that catchup sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleep（43）_causes, which is encouraging given how many adults dont get the hours they need each night. Still,

26、 Liu isnt（44）_to endorse the habit of sleeping less and making up for it later. Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not（45）_an effective remedy either. “A sleeping pill will（46）_one area of the brain, but theres never going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldnt really replicates

27、（复制）the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of the brain to go through the different stages of sleep,“ says Dr.Nancy Collop, director of the Emory University Sleep Center. A.alternatively B.caters C.chronically D.debated E.deprivation F.ideal G.improvements H.necessarily I.negot

28、iated J.pierce K.presumption L.ready M.recommended N.surpasses O.target（分数：35.50）A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E

29、.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.A.B.C.D.E.F.G.H.I.J.K.L.M.N.O.七、Section B(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Climate change may be real, but its still not easy being green. AThe road to climate hell is paved with our good intentions. Politicians may tackle polluters while scientists do battle with ca

30、rbon emissions. But the most pervasive problem is less obvious: our own behavior. We get distracted before we can turn down the heating. We break our promise not to fly after hearing about a neighbours trip to India. Ultimately, we cant be bothered to change our attitude. Fortunately for the planet,

31、 social science and behavioural economics may be able to do that for us. BDespite mournful polar bears and charts showing carbon emissions soaring, most people find it hard to believe that global warming will affect them personally. Recent polls by the Pew Research Centre in Washington, DC, found th

32、at 75-80 per cent of participants regarded climate change as an important issue. But respondents ranked it last on a list of priorities. CThis inconsistency largely stems from a feeling of powerlessness. “When we cant actually remove the source of our fear, we tend to adapt psychologically by adopti

33、ng a range of defence mechanisms,“ says Tom Crompton, change strategist for the environmental organization Word Wide Fund for Nature. DPart of the fault lies with our inner caveman. Evolution has programmed humans to pay most attention to issues that will have an immediate impact. “We worry most abo

34、ut now because if we dont survive for the next minute, were not going to be around in ten years time,“ says Professor Elke Weber of the Centre for Research on Environmental Decision at Columbia University in New York. If the Thames for Research on Environmental Decision at Columbia University in New

35、 York. If the Thams were lapping around Big Ben, Londoners wound face up to the problem of emissions pretty quickly. But in practice, our brain discounts the risksand benefitsassociated with issues that lie some way ahead. EMatthew Rushworth, of the Department of Experimental Psychology at the Unive

36、rsity of Oxford, sees this in his lab every day. “One of the ways in which all agents seem to make decisions is that they assign a lower weighting to outcomes that are going to be further away in the future,“ he says. “This is a very sensible way for an animal to make decisions in the wild and would

37、 have been very helpful for humans for thousands of years.“ F Not any longer. By the time we wake up to the threat posed by climate changes, it could well be too late. And it were not going to make rational decisions about the future, others may have to help us to do so. G Few political libraries ar

38、e without a copy of Nudge: Improving Decisions About Health. Wealth and Happiness, by Richard Thaler and Cass Sunstein. They argue that governments should persuade us into making better decisionssuch as saving more in our pension plansby changing the default options. Professor Weber believes that en

39、vironmental policy can make use of similar tactics. If, for example, building codes included green construction guidelines, most developers would too lazy to challenge them. H Defaults are certainly part of the solution. But social scientists are most concerned about crafting messages that exploit o

40、ur group mentality（心态）. “We need to understand what motivates people, what it is that allows them to make change.“ says Professor Neil Adger, of the Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research in Norwich. “It is actually about what their peers think of them, what their social norms are, what is seen

41、as desirable in society.“ In other words, our inner caveman is continually looking over his shoulder to see what the rest of the tribe are up to. I The passive attitude we have to climate change as individuals can be altered by continuing us inand measuring us againstour peer group. “Social norms ar

42、e primitive and elemental,“ says Dr.Robert Cialdini, author of Influence: The Psychology of Persuasion. “Birds flock together, fish school together, cattle herd together just perceiving norms is enough to cause people to adjust their behavior in the direction of the crowd.“ J These norms can take us

43、 beyond good intensions. Caldini conducted a study in San Diego in which coat hangers bearing messages about saving energy were hung on peoples doors. Some of the messages mentioned the environment, some financial savings, others social responsibility. But it was the ones that mentioned the actions

44、of neighbours that drove down power use. K Other studies show that simply providing the facility for people to compare their energy use with the local average is enough to cause them to modify their behaviour. The Conservatives plan to adopt this strategy by making utility companies print the averag

45、e local electricity and gas usage on peoples bills. L Social science can also teach politicians how to avoid our collective capacity for self-destructive behavior. Environmental campaigns that tell us how many people drive SUVs unwittingly（不经意地）imply that this behavior is widespread and thus permiss

46、ible. Cialdini recommends some careful framing of the message. “Instead of normalizing the undesirable buys yet another SUV, it reduces our ability to be energy-independent.“ M Tapping into how we already see ourselves is crucial. The most successful environmental strategy will marry the green messa

47、ge to our own sense of identify. Take your average trade union member, chances are they will be politically motivated and be used to collective actionmuch like Erica Gregory. A retired member of the Public and Commercial Services Union, she is setting up one of 1,100 action groups with the support o

48、f Climate Solidarity, a two-year environmental campaign aimed at trade unionists. N Erica is proof that a great-grandmother can help to lead the revolution if you get the psychology rightin this case, by matching her enthusiasm for the environment with a fondness for organizing groups. “I think its a terrific idea,“ she says of the campaign. “The union backing it makes members think there must be something in it.“ She is expecting up to 20 people at the first meeting she has called, at her local pub in the Cornish village of Polperro.