大学英语六级综合-阅读(十)及答案解析.doc

1、大学英语六级综合-阅读(十)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Unit 1(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Carbon dioxide makes up less than one percent of the Earths atmosphere, but the gas is very important to life on Earth. Scientists are finding that processes involving carbon dioxide affect our climate in way

2、s that are difficult to understand. Last month, a committee of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington released a report. It confirmed that world temperatures increased about six-tenths of a degree Celsius in the last one hundred years. The report also confirmed evidence that the level of car

3、bon dioxide is increasing.The best information about climate in the past comes from tests of ice many kilometers deep in Antarctica and Greenland. The tests show changes in temperature during the past four hundred thousand years. These tests show that levels of carbon dioxide today are the highest e

4、ver measured.These findings have led scientists to believe that carbon dioxide is a major cause of climate warming. Carbon dioxide is released into the atmosphere when fuel is burned. Oil, coal and wood are all fuels that release the gas. When biological waste breaks down, it also releases carbon di

5、oxide.However, plants use carbon dioxide in the process called photosynthesis. This process provides food for almost all life on Earth. Some groups that support burning oil and coal want to increase the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. They oppose international efforts to control carbon d

6、ioxide.Some scientists believe that forests and trees are able to capture large amounts of carbon dioxide from the air. Some groups even suggest that an increase in carbon dioxide could cause plants to grow faster.A recent study in North Carolina found that more carbon dioxide in the air could cause

7、 trees to grow faster. But the researchers found the effect appears to last for only three years. Another study showed that much of the carbon dioxide that is taken in by trees is released within three years. The study noted that leaves release carbon dioxide when they fall from trees and break down

8、 in the soil. Plants also naturally release carbon dioxide through the process of respiration.The natural balance of gases in the atmosphere is a complex scientific issue. The debate over carbon dioxide is only one part of efforts to understand world climate change.（分数：5.00）(1).The committee report

9、of the National Academy of Sciences in Washington reveals that _.（分数：1.00）A.ice from Antarctica and Greenland is appropriate to show the changeB.carbon dioxide is released mainly from the fuelC.global temperatures increase as the level of carbon dioxide increasesD.carbon dioxide is helpful for tree

10、growth(2).Which of the following can be the source of carbon dioxide?（分数：1.00）A.Oil and soil.B.Soil and trees.C.Wood and soil.D.Trees and oil.(3).According to this passage, some people disagree with the control of carbon dioxide because _.（分数：1.00）A.they think that carbon dioxide is beneficial for p

11、lant growthB.they want to use more fuels that can emit carbon dioxideC.they think carbon dioxide is not the main reason for global warmingD.they think it will destroy the natural balance of gases in the world(4).Those studies carried out in North Carolina suggest that _.（分数：1.00）A.trees function for

12、 absorbing carbon dioxide is limitedB.carbon dioxide is the main cause for global warmingC.leaves falling from trees can emit more oxygenD.carbon dioxide is beneficial for trees growth for many decades(5).The word “issue“ (Line 1, Par（分数：1.00）A.7) can be replaced by _.A. organB. topicC. publicationD

13、. result三、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The high-tech revolution has inspired a seemingly endless stream of new and exciting electronic products that we just cant live without. In fact, the dizzying speed of technological innovation can make last years must this years junk.And thats the problem. The ave

14、rage life span at personal computer has shrunk to around 19 months-and this has nothing to do with worn-out mice or damaged disk drives. Simply put, electronic products can become obsolete before youve even figured out how they work.So what happens to all those old keyboards, monitors, organizers an

15、d CPUs? Most are stashed away in the attic or forgotten in a corporate warehouse, taking up valuable space. But many end up in landfills, and that is where the trouble really begins.Computer monitors can contain up to 3.5 kg of lead and can actually be considered hazardous waste once they are no lon

16、ger in use. Circuit boards in electronic products contain cadmium(镉), chromium(铬) and mercury, all of which are toxic substances that can leach into groundwater if left in a landfill.Unfortunately, this disposal problem is not going to disappear anytime soon-in fact, it is growing by the minute. In

17、Japan alone, consumers throw away some 20 million TVs, washing machines, refrigerators and air conditioners each year. In Europe, 6 million metric tons of electrical and electronic equipment were generated in 1998 alone, and that volume is expected to increase three to five percent per year-which me

18、ans by 2010 it could nearly double.Whats to be done with all this techno-trash?Electronics manufacturers are working hard to answer this question. The European Commission has proposed a directive that would require all electronics manufacturers to take back and properly dispose of all electronic pro

19、ducts, regardless of their age. The details are still being ironed out, but some version of the directive will most probably become law in the next few years. Similar legislation is in the work in the U.S. and has already passed in Japan.As the costs of such programs could quickly become prohibitive

20、, companies are searching for new ways of tackling disposal issues before they become a problem.One way to reduce waste is to avoid throwing thing in the first place. Many companies reuse parts from old products in new models. This is not cheating-it makes both environmental and economic sense.（分数：5

21、.00）(1).The author mainly intends to address _.（分数：1.00）A.the issue of technological innovationsB.the necessity of updating computer hardwareC.the conservation of natural resourcesD.the disposal problem of electronic products(2).Computer monitors disposed will pose a danger to environment _.（分数：1.00

22、）A.if buried in landfillsB.when put away in warehousesC.once no longer in useD.unless stashed with other appliances(3).The case of Japan in Par（分数：1.00）A.5 is mentioned to show _.A. shortened lifespan of personal computersB. the explosion of tech-trashC. the insensibility of Japanese consumersD. the

23、 leading role of this country(4).It can be concluded from the passage that obsolete electronic products should be recycled _.（分数：1.00）A.for lack of legislative directives formulatedB.in the interests of electronic manufacturersC.out of environmental and economic concernD.in response to public protes

24、ts against pollution(5).We can learn from the passage that high-tech companies _.（分数：1.00）A.try their best to avoid legal obligations as much as possibleB.always have the final say in disposal issues under discussionC.are chiefly responsible for the dangerous waste pollutionD.strive to develop conti

25、nually updated electronic products四、Passage Three(总题数：1，分数：5.00)A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumably an emotion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals. If we encounter a danger

26、ous wild animal-a poisonous snake or a wild cat-we do not fly into a temper. If we are unarmed, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, but in a rational manner not in a rage. We reserve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking o

27、nes own, but if we take account of the long competition which must have existed between our own subspecies and other like Neanderthal(穴居人的) man-indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man-human rage becomes more comprehensible.In our everyday language and behavior there are many rem

28、inders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them“. “Our“ side is perpetually Wing to do down the “other“ side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of “us“ and “them“ is the touchstone of the two-party system of “democratic“ politi

29、cs. Although there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the “us and them“ emotion, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other subspecies in a game but to exterminate it.The readiness with which humans allow themselve

30、s to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which taken together with the “us and them“ blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar exte

31、rmination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to s

32、top until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted.（分数：5.00）(1).A suitable title for this passage would be _.（分数：1.00）A.Why Human Armies Are FormedB.Mans Anger against RageC.The Human Capacity for RageD.Early Struggles of Angry Man(2).A

33、ccording to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger is _.（分数：1.00）A.its lengthy and complex developmentB.a conflict such as is now going on in Northern IrelandC.that we do not often fly into a temperD.that we reserve anger for mankind(3).From the passage we can infer that _.（分数：1.00）A.the a

34、rtificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never happensB.games are psychologically unhealthyC.any artificially created subspecies would be our enemyD.the real or imagined existence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in mans activities(4).The passage suggests that _.（分数：1.00）A

35、.historically, we have created an “us“ versus “them“ societyB.humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal groupingC.the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided dominationD.the emotional origin of the war in Ireland is lost in time(5).The author believes that a religiou

36、s explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is _.（分数：1.00）A.founded in historical factB.deceptiveC.apparentD.probably accurate五、Passage Four(总题数：1，分数：5.00)The immune system is the bodys defender. It identifies, tracks down, and destroys troublemakers before they can hurt the body. Those troublemak

37、ers may be, for example, bacteria from a cut or splinter, a measles germ, a cold bug, or even a cancer cell.These invaders try to take over our tissues and feed off our bodies nutrients. If they succeed, we become sick or, sometimes, even die. Its the job of our immune systems to destroy these invad

38、ers before they destroy us.Say you picked up a flu virus last week. Perhaps it entered your body through a cut, from a drinking glass, or from the air you breathe. Of course, you didnt feel it, but the virus made its way into your bloodstream. As soon as it entered your body, it began to reproduce.

39、Viruses have only one goal: to take over your cells. Once inside your body, viruses try to enter cells and disrupt their normal work. If left alone, these viruses would hurt so many cells that you would weaken, or worse, get a serious illness.But this flu virus should not be as complacent as it seem

40、s to be. As it reproduces in your bloodstream, the virus is met by a certain kind of white blood cell, the lymphocytes. The lymphocytes are the foot soldiers that keep you alive.The number of lymphocytes in your body is hard to imagine. Thousands of them could fit in the period at the end of this se

41、ntence. Your body holds about a trillion- thats 1,000,000,000,000 of them, or about 3,000 in every drop of blood. Since you began reading this sentence, over 800,000 of them have been created and destroyed.Some of these lymphocytes pass through a small walnut-sized organ called the thymus (胸腺). The

42、thymus is the base of the neck. Here special hormones turn lymphocytes into fighting cells, called T cells.T cells have one terrific talent: they can tell the difference between friend and foe; what should be in our bodies and what shouldnt. They do not affect the bodys healthy cells. Yet they attac

43、k everything that is foreign to our bodies, such as germs, “transplants, and even our own cells which have become abnormal, as in the case of cancer.（分数：5.00）(1).What is the function of our immune system?（分数：1.00）A.To take over our tissues and feed off our bodies nutrients.B.To prevent bacteria or g

44、erms from entering the body.C.To destroy the troublemakers in order that they might not hurt the body.D.To fight against T cells.(2).What does the word “lymphocytes“ (Line 3, Par（分数：1.00）A.4) mean?A. Foot soldiers.B. Flu virus.C. White blood cells.D. Troublemakers.(3).The last sentence of Par（分数：1.0

45、0）A.5 implies that _.A. this sentence contributes to the increase of the number of lymphocytes in your bodyB. you would not realize that lymphocytes reproduce themselves rapidly but for this sentenceC. because you read this sentence, a large number of lymphocytes have been consumedD. the number of l

46、ymphocytes in your body is extremely large(4).Which of the following can be detected by T cells?（分数：1.00）A.Cancer cells and transplantsB.Thymus and lymphocytesC.Thymus and germsD.Healthy cells and hi 曲 blood pressur(5).Which of the following questions best summarizes 1 he main idea of the whole pass

47、age?（分数：1.00）A.How does the immune system attack the flu virus?B.How does the immune system function in our body?C.How do the lymphocytes work in our body?D.What is the so called immune system?六、Unit 2(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Windows Vista, the latest iteration(重复) of Microsofts op

48、erating system, is finally here. It was officially released to corporate users last week and will be available to consumers on Jan. 30. But now that Vista is ready, will your computer be? And what will be involved in an upgrade?Microsoft says Vista offers increased security, along with an improved s

49、earch function, an excellent calendar program, improved networking and a sidebar with quick access to min-programs called gadgets. With the right display adapter, some editions of Vista will also offer a new interface called Aero that lets you preview what is inside a running program by placing your cursor(光标) over its thumbnail in the task bar.It will be possible for many PC users to spend $99 to $259 to purchase a Vista DVD to upgrade their existing Windows XP machines. But before y