大学英语四级293及答案解析.doc

1、大学英语四级 293及答案解析(总分：746.55，做题时间：130 分钟)一、Writing (30 minutes)(总题数：1，分数：30.00)1.For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay entitled Internet and Our Life. You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese: 1. 因特网使我们的生活进入了一个新时代； 2. 它深刻地影响着我们的生活； 3. 应该如何看待

2、这一现象？ （分数：30.00）_二、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Dont Let Depression Ruin a Good Thing Feeling down? Got the blues? Youre not alone. Everyone gets sad (yes, everyone youve ever met). Some people have sad feelings just once in a while, and others may have sad feelings pretty often. More than ha

3、lf of teenagers go through a sad period at least once a month and plenty of younger kids do, too. When youre in a sad mood, it may feel like it will last forever, but usually feelings of sadness dont last very long a few hours, or maybe a day or two. A deeper, more intense kind of sadness that lasts

4、 a lot longer is called depression. Each year millions of people are estimated to suffer from depression, a condition so widespread that it has been dubbed (起绰号，叫做) “the common cold of mental illness.“ Symptoms of Depression Depression is associated with many symptoms and not everyone has the same o

5、nes. Some people have many symptoms, while others may only have a few. The symptoms below may signal that you or someone you love may be depressed: -Appearance sad face, slow movements, absent-minded look -Unhappy feelings feeling sad, hopeless, discouraged, or listless -Negative thoughts “Im a fail

6、ure.“ “Im no good.“ “No one cares about me.“ -Reduced activity “I just sit around and mope.“ “Doing anything is just too much of an effort.“ -People problems “I dont want anybody to see me.“ “I feel so lonely.“ -Guilt and low self-esteem “Its all my fault.“ “I should be punished.“ -Physical problems

7、 sleeping problems, weight loss or gain, decreased sexual interest, or head aches -Suicidal thoughts or wishes “Id better off dead.“ “I wonder if it hurts to die.“ Causes of Depression The exact cause of depression remains unclear. The most probable explanation is that it is an imbalance in neurotra

8、nsmitters (神经传递素) in the brain. But what triggers it in the first place? First, genetic factors. There is growing interest in genetic approaches to understanding a variety of diseases and depression is no exception. Some people certainly seem to be more vulnerable to depression than others and there

9、 is growing evidence that some genes could make individuals susceptible (易受感染的) to the disease. Some studies have shown that people who have relatives with depression have a one in four chance of developing it themselves, compared with only one in fourteen for the general population. Secondly, exter

10、nal triggers. In most cases just having these genes is probably not enough to cause depression on its own. Depression can be triggered by a number of factors such as unemployment, bereavement (丧亡), social isolation or even a severe physical illness. Victims of Depression Anyone may suffer from depre

11、ssion, regardless of age, gender, race and belief. It is “normal“ for certain people to feel depressed such as women, older people, employees with work-related stress, or people with chronic illness. Women are more than twice as likely as men to experience depression. Although the reasons for this d

12、ifference are not known, research suggests that biological differences in women such as hormonal (荷尔蒙) changes and genetics may contribute to depression. Additionally, social reasons, such as greater stresses from work and family responsibilities, and even the increased rates of sexual abuse and pov

13、erty among women, may lead to higher rates of clinical depression. Depression affects employees at all levels of the corporate ladder. One in every 20 employees experience the illness. An estimated 200 million workdays are lost each year due to employee depression. Depression tends to affect people

14、in their prime working years and if left untreated may last a lifetime. Clinical Depression and Treatment Unfortunately, many employees with depression dont seek the treatment they need. Some people are embarrassed to get help for depression, or are reluctant to talk about how they are feeling. Othe

15、rs believe that depression will simply go away on its own, and that they should just “tough it out.“ Such views are simply wrong like any other medical illness, depression requires professional treatment. Talking to friends, family members can often give you the support needed when going through lif

16、es difficulties. However, for those with clinical depression, such support is no substitute for the care of a health professional. Clinical depression is a serious illness that you cannot treat on your own. Clinical depression is one of the most treatable of all medical illnesses. In fact, more than

17、 80% of people with depression can be treated successfully with medication, psychotherapy or a combination of both. Many people believe that psychological therapies make more sense than the use of antidepressants (抗抑郁病药) but this ignores the fact that depression is a genuine physical illness. Howeve

18、r, the choice of right treatment depends on a variety of factors, such as severity of illness, presenting symptoms, age, etc. Only a qualified healthcare professional can decide if someone has clinical depression. As with many illnesses, if treatment is needed, the earlier it begins the more effecti

19、ve it can be. Furthermore, early treatment decreases the likelihood of recurrence. The commonest forms of psychotherapy aim to help the depressed person replace negative thoughts and attitudes with a more realistic view of themselves and the world about them. Interpersonal psychotherapy focuses more

20、 on past and present relationships and examines how they affect the patients current functioning. Antidepressant therapies (抗抑郁症药物疗法) began in 1956. Now there is a wide choice of antidepressants available. They are the recognized treatment for all forms of moderate and severe depression regardless o

21、f cause. About 70 per cent of patients with depression respond to treatment with antidepressants. Antidepressants are useful and effective, they are not addictive and do not lose efficacy (效力，功效) with continued use. Visit www.depression-screening.org/screeningtest.htm, you can determine whether you

22、have symptoms of depression. The website may help identify any depressive symptoms and determine whether a further evaluation by a medical or mental health professional is necessary. Talk with your doctor or a qualified mental health professional if you think you may have symptoms of clinical depres

23、sion. With recognition and treatment, depression can be overcome! Life can be enjoyable again! （分数：71.00）(1).Always with the thought of being a loser, a person might suffer from depression.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(2).Causes of depression can be divided into two categories: internal factors and external o

24、nes.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(3).Women, older and poor people are more easily to get depressed.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(4).Blue-collar workers generally have a smaller chance to have depression man white collars.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(5).Whether depression is a physical disease has not been confirmed yet.（分数：7.10

25、A.YB.NC.NG(6).If the treatment of depression is postponed, the patients may have more chances of recurrence.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(7).The author wants to convey his/her idea that depression is a kind of normal disease which can be recognized and cured.（分数：7.10）A.YB.NC.NG(8).The definition of depressio

26、n is _.（分数：7.10）_(9).Social reasons for trigging depression are _.（分数：7.10）_(10).“Tough it out“ in paragraph 10 means _.（分数：7.10）_三、Listening Comprehens(总题数：1，分数：15.00)A.A math teacher and his colleague.B.A teacher and his student.C.A student and his classmate.D.A librarian and a student.A.Tony coul

27、d not continue the experiment.B.Tony finished the experiment last night.C.Tony thought the experiment was well done.D.Tony had expected the experiment to be easier.A.She cant put up with the noise.B.She wants to save money to buy a piano.C.The present apartment is too expensive.D.She has found a job

28、 in a neighboring area.A.He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons.B.He has made great progress in his English.C.He is a student of the music department.D.He is not very interested in English songs.A.At home.B.In a restaurant.C.In a ear.D.On the street.A.His injury kept him at home.B.He

29、didnt think it necessary.C.He was too weak to see the doctor.D.He failed to make an appointment.A.5:15.B.5:10.C.4:30.D.5:00.A.The man needs help.B.The man is complaining.C.The man likes his job.D.The man is talking with his boss.A.Wear a new dress.B.Make a silk dress.C.Attend a party.D.Go shopping.A

30、He played his part quite well.B.He was not dramatic enough.C.He performed better than the secretary.D.He exaggerated his part.四、Section B(总题数：2，分数：10.00)A.They had to work during the performances.B.They couldnt find time.C.They couldnt afford to go.D.The tickets were sold out.A.The performances hav

31、e been rescheduled.B.Student discount tickets are available.C.Prices for all tickets have been reduced.D.Its possible to see the plays without charge.A.She doubts it will work.B.She thinks they dont have enough time.C.Shes enthusiastic about it.D.Shes happy to get so much money.A.An annual cycling e

32、vent.B.Major Canadian bicycle races.C.The contribution of cycling to health.D.How to increase ones speed in a bicycle race.A.The length of the course.B.The route the cyclists take.C.The number of participants.D.The month in which the tour is held.A.Water.B.Chocolates.C.First aid.D.Bicycle repair ser

33、vices.A.He will experience feelings of failure.B.He will experience states of worry.C.He will lose his natural enthusiasm for life.D.He will become angry.A.Consistency is very important in parental teaching.B.To forbid a thing one day and excuse it the next is the foundation for morality.C.Parents u

34、sually spoil their children very much.D.All parents realize that “example is better than principles“.A.Parents are very strict towards their children.B.Parents work hard and have little time for their children.C.Parents are not honest and do not practice what they advise.D.Parents require their chil

35、dren to learn many new skills.A.Her husband had got a higher position.B.Her husband had lost his job.C.She wanted to have a cleaner house.D.She wanted to move to New York.A.His telephone went out of order.B.The buyers had to leave soon.C.He began to work at 8 a. m.D.He had made an appointment with h

36、er for 8 a. m.A.They considered her lazy.B.They saw something they had never seen.C.They considered her foolish.D.They saw something familiar to them.A.It ha been proven to be the best pain-killer.B.It is a possible cure for heart disease.C.It can help lower high body temperature effectively.D.It re

37、duces the chance of death for heart surgery patients.A.It keeps blood vessels from being blocked.B.It speeds up their recovery after surgery.C.It in creases the blood flow to the heart.D.It adjusts their blood pressure.A.It is harmful to heart surgery patients with stomach bleeding.B.It should not b

38、e taken by heart surgery patients before the operation.C.It will have considerable side effects if taken in large doses.D.It should not be given to patients immediately after the operation.六、Section C(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Today it is perfectly natural for us to shake hands when we greet someone, or say go

39、od-bye. But like so many other things we do without thinking such actions at one time probably (36) 1something else. For example, in (37) 2 life the hand was probably a symbol of power and (38) 3. The hand was used to fight enemies, kill animals and make spears and tools. So when the hand was (39) 4

40、 to someone, it could have represented good will, since it showed that the person was not (40) 5or ready to fight. We know that the hand was an important symbol in early (41) 6, probably as a mark of power. The Greeks (42) 7to their gods with raised hands. Presenting hands palm to palm was at one ti

41、me the way an inferior person paid respect to a (43) 8. Among the Arabs, (44) 9. Later on, polite Arabs began to resist the efforts of people to kiss their hands, and sometimes they would end up clasping hands as each tried to prevent the other from showing this mark of “inferiority“. (45) 10. The h

42、and and what was done with it have been full of meaning to people down through the ages. (46) 11. （分数：10.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_七、Reading Comprehensio(总题数：2，分数：355.00)Do we need laws that prevent us from running risks with our lives? If so, th

43、en perhaps laws are needed prohibiting the sale of cigarettes and alcoholic drinks. Both products have been known to kill people. The hazards of drinking too much alcohol are as bad or worse than the hazards of smoking too many cigarettes. All right then, lets pass a law closing the liquor stores an

44、d the bars in this country. Lets put an end once and for all to the ruinous disease from which as many as 10 million Americans currently suffer alcoholism. But wait. Weve already tried that. For 13 years, between 1920 and 1933, there were no liquor stores anywhere in the United States. They were shu

45、t down abolished by an amendment (修正案) to the Constitution (to 18th) and by a law of Congress (the Volstead Act). After January 20, 1920, there was supposed to be no more manufacturing, selling, or transporting of “ intoxicating (醉人，使中毒) liquors.“ Without any more liquor, people could not drink it.

46、And if they did not drink it, how could they get drunk? There would be no more dangers to the public welfare from drunkenness and alcoholism. It was all very logical. And yet prohibition of liquor, beer, and wine did not work. Why? Because, law or no law, millions of people still liked to drink alco

47、hol. And they were willing to take risks to get it. They were not about to change their tastes and habits just because of a change in the law. And gangs of liquor smugglers made it easy to buy an illegal drink or two or three. They smuggled millions of gallons of the outlawed beverages across the Canadian and Mexican borders. Drinkers were lucky to know of an illegal bar that served Mexican or Canadian liquor. Crime and drunkenness were both supposed to decline as a result of prohibition. Instead people drank more alcoh