大学英语四级分类模拟题374及答案解析.doc

1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 374及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.红楼梦由曹雪芹所著。小说以贾氏家族为故事核心，描述了四大家族从富裕、有权有势沦为破落的过程。小说成功塑造了 100多个经典人物，他们分属于清朝的不同阶层。红楼梦对中国的封建社会有深刻的描绘，如果想要了解中国人复杂的价值观，最好先能读懂红楼梦。毛主席认为红楼梦不仅是爱情故事，也是历史故事，因为它揭示了封建社会的衰败。 （分数：10.00）_2.武术在我国源远流长，是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝。我们知道，一个民族的优秀文化遗产，不仅仅属于一个民族，它会逐

2、渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富。武术的蓬勃发展，除得益于其项目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没。老一代武术家在海外播下了武术的种子，使武术这项既可以自卫又可以健身的运动很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高水平的武术大师已遍布世界各地，武术爱好者也与日俱增。 （分数：10.00）_3.从某种意义上说，汉语是一种很古老的语言，其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的书写形式，如篆书、隶书、楷书和行书。中国书法家往往使汉字的字形夸张以取得艺术效果，如旅游胜地的一些石刻碑文。中国书法是一门研究艺术，随着各位学习兴趣的提高，我们将适时介绍中国书法的流派

3、，以及如何欣赏中国书法的艺术性。 （分数：10.00）_4.丝绸之路是历史上连接中国和地中海(Mediterranean)的一条重要贸易路线。因为这条路上的丝绸贸易占多数，故而在 1877年被德国一位杰出的地理学家命名为“丝绸之路”。同时，丝绸之路也是其他许多商品进行交易的主干线，也是传播技术的一条主要通道。通过丝绸之路传入中国的事物中，意义最为重大的当属佛教。中国的养蚕技术、生铁锻造技术和灌溉技术曾通过丝绸之路传播到中亚、南亚和欧洲。 （分数：10.00）_5.长期以来，饮酒(spirits)在中国人的生活中一直扮演着重要的角色，无论是帝王还是百姓。饮酒是中国文化的一部分。中国人的祖先在作诗

4、、写散文时喜欢饮酒，在宴会上还会向亲戚朋友敬酒。但饮酒不仅属于文化人，也是普通人生活中不可缺少的一部分。人们在各种场合饮酒，如生日宴会、饯行宴会、婚礼宴会(wedding banquet)等。在搬进新房或生意开业时，也会邀请朋友来吃饭、饮酒。 （分数：10.00）_6.脸谱(facial makeup)是指中国传统戏剧京剧里男演员脸部的彩色化妆。它在色彩、形式和类型上有一定的格式。脸谱运用红色、黄色、白色、黑色、紫色、绿色和银色代表不同的人物性格。各角色的脸谱由油漆、粉和油彩画成，基本形式是整脸、三块瓦脸(San Kuai Wa Lian)和碎脸。这些脸谱类型被广泛用于代表将军、官员、英雄、神

5、灵和鬼魅。通过眼睛和鼻子周围形状各异的白色小块，可以辨别出丑角(Chou actors)。有时这些小块以黑色勾勒，常称小花脸(Xiao Hua Lian)。 （分数：10.00）_7.中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会，是对人类的人生感悟的哲学注解。中国人祖先的哲学论断是“近看自己，远观他人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术的原始艺术，这一结论必不可少。人类的本能欲望是生存并通过繁衍(propagation)继续存在。人生来的首要本能是求生，然后是长寿。从原始社会到今天，阴阳和永生的观念始终贯穿中国的社会生活和民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社

6、会的所有基本哲学理念。 （分数：10.00）_8.围棋是两位对弈者之间战略性的棋盘游戏(board game)。围棋已有 3000多年的历史，可以说是所有古代棋类游戏的起源。围棋的规则很简单，但是有数不尽的策略。这就是围棋的魅力所在。下一盘围棋的时间短至 15分钟，长至数天。但是多数情况下，下一盘围棋需要一或两个小时。围棋是综合科学、艺术和竞赛的游戏。围棋对于智力发展、性格培养和灵活的策略学习非常有益。难怪围棋已经流行了几千年，并逐渐成为一项国际文化游戏。 （分数：10.00）_9.京剧被奉为中国的国粹，来源于 18世纪晚期的安徽和湖北的当地剧种。京剧是中国所有剧种中最有影响力和代表性的，在中

7、国乃至世界享有盛誉。京剧完美融合了多种艺术形式。京剧集传统音乐、舞蹈、诗歌、杂耍、武术于一身，以华丽的戏服、逼真的脸谱和程式化的演出套路而闻名。京剧脸谱上每一种图形和亮丽的颜色都有象征意义：红色表示忠诚，蓝色表示残暴，黑色表示正直。 （分数：10.00）_10.中国人使用筷子已经有 3000多年的历史了。中国的筷子夹菜的一端是圆的，象征着天；另一端是方的，象征着地。这是因为，维持充足的食物供应是天地之间最重要的事情。中国有个古老的风俗，女子出嫁时要用筷子当嫁妆，因为“筷子”与“快子”谐音。根据中国的餐桌礼仪，吃饭时一直握着筷子是不礼貌的。将菜送入口中后，应立刻把筷子放下。吃饭时，用筷子指着别人

8、会对其造成冒犯。 （分数：10.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 374答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Translation(总题数：10，分数：100.00)1.红楼梦由曹雪芹所著。小说以贾氏家族为故事核心，描述了四大家族从富裕、有权有势沦为破落的过程。小说成功塑造了 100多个经典人物，他们分属于清朝的不同阶层。红楼梦对中国的封建社会有深刻的描绘，如果想要了解中国人复杂的价值观，最好先能读懂红楼梦。毛主席认为红楼梦不仅是爱情故事，也是历史故事，因为它揭示了封建社会的衰败。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析： A Dream of Red Mansions i

9、s attributed to Cao Xueqin. The author chose Jia Clan as the focus, depicting how four affluent and influential families with prestige lost their favor and descended to crash. In the novel, about 100 classic characters are successfully portrayed. These characters concern people of all ranks in the Q

10、ing Dynasty. A Dream of Red Mansions is a remarkable story about Chinese feudal society. To understand Chinese values in all its complexity, one can do no better than to read A Dream of Red Mansions. “It is not only a love story, but also a history story, because it describes the failure of the feud

11、al period,“ commented Chairman Mao.2.武术在我国源远流长，是中华民族传统文化的瑰宝。我们知道，一个民族的优秀文化遗产，不仅仅属于一个民族，它会逐渐传播到世界而成为人类的共同财富。武术的蓬勃发展，除得益于其项目本身的吸引力之外，早期移居海外的一代武术大师功不可没。老一代武术家在海外播下了武术的种子，使武术这项既可以自卫又可以健身的运动很快就在新的土地上扎下了根。今天高水平的武术大师已遍布世界各地，武术爱好者也与日俱增。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Wushu, or Chinese martial art, can be traced back

12、to ancient times. It is a gem of Chinese traditional culture. As we all know, the fine culture of a nation doesn“t belong to the nation alone and it will be spread to the rest of the world and shared by all humanity. The booming of Wushu is attributed not only to the attractiveness of the sport but

13、also to emigrant Chinese Wushu masters over the years. Martial artists of the older generations have sown Wushu seeds in foreign countries. Wushu, which can be used as self defense and can keep practitioners fit and strong, soon became popular on new lands. Today superb Wushu masters are active all

14、over the world, and amateurs are on the increase with each passing day.3.从某种意义上说，汉语是一种很古老的语言，其最早的汉字已有近四千年的历史了。汉字在其漫长的发展史中演化成许多不同的书写形式，如篆书、隶书、楷书和行书。中国书法家往往使汉字的字形夸张以取得艺术效果，如旅游胜地的一些石刻碑文。中国书法是一门研究艺术，随着各位学习兴趣的提高，我们将适时介绍中国书法的流派，以及如何欣赏中国书法的艺术性。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：In a sense, Chinese is a very old languag

15、e, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago. During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms, such as the Seal script, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script. Chinese calligraphers usually render their

16、 Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts. Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study. As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time th

17、e different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.4.丝绸之路是历史上连接中国和地中海(Mediterranean)的一条重要贸易路线。因为这条路上的丝绸贸易占多数，故而在 1877年被德国一位杰出的地理学家命名为“丝绸之路”。同时，丝绸之路也是其他许多商品进行交易的主干线，也是传播技术的一条主要通道。通过丝绸之路传入中国的事物中，意义最为重大的当属佛教。中国的养蚕技术、生铁锻造技术和灌溉技术曾通过丝绸之路传播到中亚、南亚和欧洲

18、。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：The Silk Road is an important international trade route between China and the Mediterranean in history. Since silk accounted for a large proportion of trade along this route, in 1877, it was named the Silk Road by an eminent German geographer. In the meantime, this route serve

19、d as an artery of exchange for many other products, and more importantly, their technology. One of the most significant objects introduced to China via the Silk Road is Buddhism. Chinese techniques of silkworm breeding, iron smelting and irrigation spread to Central and Southern Asia and to Europe t

20、hrough Silk Road.5.长期以来，饮酒(spirits)在中国人的生活中一直扮演着重要的角色，无论是帝王还是百姓。饮酒是中国文化的一部分。中国人的祖先在作诗、写散文时喜欢饮酒，在宴会上还会向亲戚朋友敬酒。但饮酒不仅属于文化人，也是普通人生活中不可缺少的一部分。人们在各种场合饮酒，如生日宴会、饯行宴会、婚礼宴会(wedding banquet)等。在搬进新房或生意开业时，也会邀请朋友来吃饭、饮酒。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Drinking spirits has been taking an important role in Chinese people“s l

21、ife from emperors to ordinary people for a long time. Drinking spirits is a part of Chinese culture. Chinese ancestors enjoyed drinking spirits while writing poems or prose and they also toasted their relatives and friends at feasts. But drinking spirits is not only for scholars, it is also an indis

22、pensable part of ordinary people“s life. People drink spirits on various occasions, such as birthday parties, farewell dinners, wedding banquets, etc. When someone moves into a new house or starts doing business, he/she will invite friends for dinner and drink spirits.6.脸谱(facial makeup)是指中国传统戏剧京剧里男

23、演员脸部的彩色化妆。它在色彩、形式和类型上有一定的格式。脸谱运用红色、黄色、白色、黑色、紫色、绿色和银色代表不同的人物性格。各角色的脸谱由油漆、粉和油彩画成，基本形式是整脸、三块瓦脸(San Kuai Wa Lian)和碎脸。这些脸谱类型被广泛用于代表将军、官员、英雄、神灵和鬼魅。通过眼睛和鼻子周围形状各异的白色小块，可以辨别出丑角(Chou actors)。有时这些小块以黑色勾勒，常称小花脸(Xiao Hua Lian)。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Facial makeup refers to the colorful painting on the face of the

24、 actors in Peking Opera, which is a traditional Chinese opera. It has certain format in terms of color, design and type. Red, yellow, white, black, purple, green and silver are the main colors used for facial makeup to represent different characters. The facial designs for the roles are made by pain

25、ting, powdering and coloring in the basic forms of Zheng Lian (keeping the basic face pattern), San Kuai Wa Lian (three-section face) and Sui Lian (fragmentary face). These types are widely used to represent generals, officials, heroes, gods and ghosts. The Chou (clown) actors can be recognized by t

26、he patch of white in various shapes painted around the eyes and nose. Sometimes actors with these patches outlined in black are often called Xiao Hua Lian (partly painted face).7.中国民间艺术与中国哲学统一于“阴阳(yin-yang)生万物”这一理念。这一理念源于中国原始社会，是对人类的人生感悟的哲学注解。中国人祖先的哲学论断是“近看自己，远观他人”。要理解中华民族民间艺术的原始艺术，这一结论必不可少。人类的本能欲望是

27、生存并通过繁衍(propagation)继续存在。人生来的首要本能是求生，然后是长寿。从原始社会到今天，阴阳和永生的观念始终贯穿中国的社会生活和民族文化。中国民间艺术反映了社会的所有基本哲学理念。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Chinese folk art and Chinese philosophy are unified in the belief that yin-yang produces all living things in the world. Originated in Chinese primitive society, this was the philo

28、sophical explanation of human“s perception of life. Chinese ancestors“ philosophical conclusion was to “look at oneself up close and other creatures from afar“, which is essential to the understanding of the primitive art to the folk art of the nation. To live and to continue life through propagatio

29、n are the two instinctive desires of human. From birth, a person“s first instinct is to survive, and then to live a long life. From primitive society to the present day, the view of yin-yang and perpetual life has permeated in all aspects of social life and the national culture of Chinese society. C

30、hinese folk art reflects all of the basic philosophical concepts in the society.8.围棋是两位对弈者之间战略性的棋盘游戏(board game)。围棋已有 3000多年的历史，可以说是所有古代棋类游戏的起源。围棋的规则很简单，但是有数不尽的策略。这就是围棋的魅力所在。下一盘围棋的时间短至 15分钟，长至数天。但是多数情况下，下一盘围棋需要一或两个小时。围棋是综合科学、艺术和竞赛的游戏。围棋对于智力发展、性格培养和灵活的策略学习非常有益。难怪围棋已经流行了几千年，并逐渐成为一项国际文化游戏。 （分数：10.00）_正

31、确答案：()解析：The game of go (Weiqi) is a strategic board game between two players. With a history of over 3000 years, the game can be regarded as the origin of all ancient chess games. The rules of Weiqi are very simple but there are countless variations of strategies. This is where the beauty of the ga

32、me lies. The time for one round of Weiqi can be as short as 15 minutes or as long as a few days. In most cases, though, it takes one or two hours to finish one round. Weiqi is a game that combines science, art and competition. It“s beneficial for intelligence development, personality cultivation and

33、 flexible strategy learning. It“s no wonder the game having been popular for thousands of years and is gradually becoming an international cultural game.9.京剧被奉为中国的国粹，来源于 18世纪晚期的安徽和湖北的当地剧种。京剧是中国所有剧种中最有影响力和代表性的，在中国乃至世界享有盛誉。京剧完美融合了多种艺术形式。京剧集传统音乐、舞蹈、诗歌、杂耍、武术于一身，以华丽的戏服、逼真的脸谱和程式化的演出套路而闻名。京剧脸谱上每一种图形和亮丽的颜色都

34、有象征意义：红色表示忠诚，蓝色表示残暴，黑色表示正直。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：Known as China“s national opera, Peking Opera originated in the late 18th century from the basis of some local operas in Anhui and Hubei Provinces. Peking Opera is the most influential and representative of all operas in China. It has won great popula

35、rity not only in China but also throughout the world. Peking Opera is a harmonious combination of many art forms. It is a synthesis of traditional music, dancing, poetry, acrobatics and martial arts. It is famous for its exquisite costumes, beautiful make-up or painted face, and has established perf

36、orming conventions and rules. Each of the patterns and brilliant colors on the painted face has a symbolic meaning, red suggests loyalty, blue cruelty and black honesty.10.中国人使用筷子已经有 3000多年的历史了。中国的筷子夹菜的一端是圆的，象征着天；另一端是方的，象征着地。这是因为，维持充足的食物供应是天地之间最重要的事情。中国有个古老的风俗，女子出嫁时要用筷子当嫁妆，因为“筷子”与“快子”谐音。根据中国的餐桌礼仪，吃饭

37、时一直握着筷子是不礼貌的。将菜送入口中后，应立刻把筷子放下。吃饭时，用筷子指着别人会对其造成冒犯。 （分数：10.00）_正确答案：()解析：There has been a history of over 3000 years for the Chinese to have meals with chopsticks. Chinese chopsticks are round on the eating end which symbolizes the heaven, and square in the other end which symbolizes the earth. It is

38、because maintaining an adequate food supply is the greatest concern between the heaven and the earth. There is an old custom in China that chopsticks should be a part of a girl“s dowry. Kuaizi (chopsticks) is pronounced the same as “kuai zi“, which means “to have a baby quickly“. According to traditional Chinese table manners, it is impolite to hold the chopsticks all the time over the meal. As soon as one sends a bite into his mouth, he should put down the chopsticks. Pointing to others with chopsticks will offend others over the meal.