大学英语四级分类模拟题516及答案解析.doc

1、大学英语四级分类模拟题 516 及答案解析(总分：217.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places? You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given belo

2、w. 1近年来越来越多的公共场所禁烟 2这项举措在受到拥护的同时也引发了争议 3我的看法 Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places?（分数：106.00）_二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Arctic Ocean ice may hold trillions of small pieces of plastic and other synthetic trash, and they are being released into the world“s oc

3、eans as global warming melts the polar cap, researchers say. Though the finding is surprising and worrying, the possible harm to marine life is so far unknown, the authors concluded. Called micro plastics, the pollutants come mostly from debris that has broken apart, as well as from cosmetics and fi

4、bers released from washing clothes, according to the Study, which was published in the journal Earth“s Future and first reported by Science magazine. At current melting trends, more than 1 trillion pieces 5 millimeters or smaller could wind up in the oceans during the coming decade, the authors esti

5、mate. The concentration of plastic debris is 1,000 times greater than that floating in the so-called Great Pacific Garbage Patch. The researchers based their findings on core samples of ice taken during polar expeditions in 2005 and 2010. Rayon was the most common synthetic material discovered54%. T

6、hough rayon is not a plastic (it“s made from wood), the authors included it “because it is a manmade semi-synthetic that makes up a significant proportion of synthetic microparticles found in the marine environment.“ Rayon is used in cigarette filters, clothing and personal hygiene products. Polyest

7、er (聚酯) was the next most common pollutant found in the ice (21%), followed by nylon (16%), polypropylene (聚丙烯) (3%) and polystyrene, acrylic and polyethylene (2% each). The authors called the ice trap “a major historic global sink of man-made particulates,“ and said their findings “go some way to h

8、elp clarify one of the most puzzling aspects of current understanding on the quantities of plastic debris reported in the oceans.“ As Science points out, 288 million tons of plastics were produced in 2012. Micro plastics garbage has also been found on the shores of southernmost Chile, so the authors

9、 said it“s time to investigate the planet“s other polar region. “While multiyear sea ice makes up a smaller proportion of annual sea ice cover in the Southern Ocean, and perennial sea ice cover around Antarctica is following different trends, our finding indicate the importance of sampling ice from

10、the Antarctic to see if it too contains micro plastics,“ they write.（分数：71.00）(1).According to the passage, what are mainly called “micro plastics“?（分数：14.20）A.The pollutants come mostly from debris.B.The pollutants come mostly from fibers.C.The pollutants come mostly from cosmetics.D.The pollutants

11、 come mostly from daily supplies.(2).What does the phrase “wind up“ mean in Para.2?（分数：14.20）A.put an end toB.screw upC.sweep acrossD.roll up(3).Why does the author include “rayon“ in, though it is not a plastic?（分数：14.20）A.Because it is a significant manmade semi-synthetic discovered in the ocean.B

12、Because it is a major natural semi-synthetic appearing in the marine.C.Because it is a minor manmade synthetic dug out in the marine.D.Because it is a significant natural synthetic explored in the marine.(4).What can we infer from the ice trap “a major historic global sink of man-made particulates“

13、分数：14.20）A.The historic sink should be attributed to man-made particulates.B.People on a worldwide scale have reaped what they had sown.C.The ice trap is of major historic meaning on the global context.D.The major historic global sink is derived from the ice melting.(5).What“s the best title of th

14、is passage?（分数：14.20）A.Rayon was the most common synthetic in the ocean.B.It“s time to research the planet“s other polar region.C.Trillions of plastic pieces found in the Arctic ice.D.Trillions of plastic pieces will wind up in the ocean.五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)I actually admire Gates for his g

15、enerosity and advocacy for the fight against global poverty. We just disagree about how to end poverty throughout the world. Gates believes poverty will end by identifying technical solutions. My research shows that the first step is not identifying technical solutions, but ensuring poor people“s ri

16、ghts. Gates concentrates his foundation“s efforts on finding the right fixes to the problems of the world“s poor. Along with official aid donors, the foundation works together with local, generally autocratic(独裁的), governments on these technical solutions. Last year, Gates cited Ethiopia(埃塞俄比亚) in a

17、 Wall Street Journal guest column as an example, a country where he described the donors and government as setting “clear goals, choosing an approach, measuring results, and then using those measurements to continually refine our approach.“ Gates then gives credit for progress to the rulers. When th

18、e tragically high death rates of Ethiopian children fell from 2005 to 2010, Gates said this was “in large part thanks to“ such a measurement-driven program by Ethiopia“s autocrat Meles Zenawi, who had ruled since 1991. Do autocratic rulers like Meles really deserve the credit? Gates“ technocratic ap

19、proach to poverty, combining expert advice and cooperative local rulers, is a view that has appealed for decades to foundations and aid agencies. But if technical solutions to poverty are so straight forward, why had these rulers not already used them? The technical solutions have been missing for s

20、o long in Ethiopia and other poor countries because autocrats are more motivated to stay in power than to fix the problems of poverty. Autocracy itself perpetuates poverty. Our own history in the U.S. shows how we can protest bad government actions and reward good actions with our rights to protest

21、and to vote. We won“t even let New Jersey Gov. Chris Christie get away with a traffic jam on a bridge. Such democratic rights make technical fixes happen, and produce a far better long-run record on reducing poverty, disease and hunger than autocracies. If the democratic view of development is corre

22、ct, the lessons for Gates are clear: Don“t give undeserved credit and praise to autocrats. Don“t campaign for more official aid to autocrats. Redirect aid to democrats. If the democratic view is wrong, I do deserve to be on Gates“ list of the world“s most misguided economists.（分数：20.00）(1).Who possi

23、bly find Bill Gates“ approach to ending global poverty attractive or interesting?（分数：4.00）A.Computer experts.B.Foundations and agencies.C.Autocratic governments.D.Economic researchers.(2).What does the word “perpetuates“ (Line 6, Para.3) probably refer to?（分数：4.00）A.To take part in.B.To be related t

24、o.C.To do nothing for.D.To cause it to continue.(3).What do welearn about the author from this passage?（分数：4.00）A.His research focuses on how to ensure poor people“s basic rights.B.He agrees with Bill Gates as regards the latter“s credit of Meles Zenawi.C.His opinion about ending global poverty is i

25、n conflict with that of Bill Gates.D.He is possibly the world“s most misguided economists according to Bill Gates.(4).With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?（分数：4.00）A.Political reforms can help to reduce poverty.B.Bill Gates“ actions haven“t helped millions.

26、C.Technological improvements alone will end poverty.D.The government should be responsible for ending poverty.(5).What is the author“s purpose in writing this article?（分数：4.00）A.To point out the flaw in Bill Gates“ approach to ending global poverty.B.To describe the efforts of Bill Gates“ foundation

27、 to end global poverty.C.To give a lesson to Bill Gates about giving credit and praise to autocrats.D.To show that Bill Gates“ foundation didn“t deliver efficient and needed services.六、Part Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)2.网络文化网络文化(cyber culture)是在使用计算机网络(computer networks)进行沟通、娱乐和商务活动中，已出现或正在出现的一种文化。它是

28、对各种与网络有关的社会现象和其他新形式的网络通讯(network communication)，比如在线社区和电子邮件的使用情况的研究。其发展条件包括：网民新的思维方式、新的网络美学观念；新的网络社会出现；网络技术的进步等。 （分数：20.00）_大学英语四级分类模拟题 516 答案解析(总分：217.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Part Writing(总题数：1，分数：106.00)1.Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should Smoking

29、Be Banned in Public Places? You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words following the outline given below. 1近年来越来越多的公共场所禁烟 2这项举措在受到拥护的同时也引发了争议 3我的看法 Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places?（分数：106.00）_正确答案：()解析：范文 Should Smoking Be Banned in Public Places?In recent years, smokin

30、g has been banned in many public places such as shops, restaurants, and even bus stops. This regulation has triggered much dispute. On the one hand, many welcome the ban since lots of illnesses and deaths are smoking-related, and this is a very sensible step to improve people“s health and living con

31、dition. On the other hand, however, smokers consider it is unfair to ban smoking. It is their right to smoke, and they are not committing any crime, so the government should not ban that. In my view, to ban smoking is a long term process, during which education rather than enforcement is more likely

32、 to be the key to the success. Banning smoking in the public areas is a policy that should be implemented step by step. 解析 这篇作文要求考生结合社会现象论述自己的观点。可如下组织行文结构： 先提出越来越多的公共场所禁烟这个现象，也可顺带提出这个现象的社会背景(最容易想到的是由吸烟引发的健康问题，以及禁烟可给人们营造一种干净、舒适的环境等)。 再指出这一规定引发反响，从拥护和反对这两个角度来说。 最后简要提出自己的观点，可针对上段中说到的拥护和争议，在其间找到一个平衡点，提出

33、自己的观点以及解决办法等。 总的来说，拥护的理由好说，关键是提出什么样的争议。可从法规执行的难度，惩罚措施是否适当等方面进行论述。范文是从吸烟者的自由权利遭损害这个角度来说的。二、Part Reading Compr(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Passage One(总题数：1，分数：71.00)Arctic Ocean ice may hold trillions of small pieces of plastic and other synthetic trash, and they are being released into the world“s oceans as glo

34、bal warming melts the polar cap, researchers say. Though the finding is surprising and worrying, the possible harm to marine life is so far unknown, the authors concluded. Called micro plastics, the pollutants come mostly from debris that has broken apart, as well as from cosmetics and fibers releas

35、ed from washing clothes, according to the Study, which was published in the journal Earth“s Future and first reported by Science magazine. At current melting trends, more than 1 trillion pieces 5 millimeters or smaller could wind up in the oceans during the coming decade, the authors estimate. The c

36、oncentration of plastic debris is 1,000 times greater than that floating in the so-called Great Pacific Garbage Patch. The researchers based their findings on core samples of ice taken during polar expeditions in 2005 and 2010. Rayon was the most common synthetic material discovered54%. Though rayon

37、 is not a plastic (it“s made from wood), the authors included it “because it is a manmade semi-synthetic that makes up a significant proportion of synthetic microparticles found in the marine environment.“ Rayon is used in cigarette filters, clothing and personal hygiene products. Polyester (聚酯) was

38、 the next most common pollutant found in the ice (21%), followed by nylon (16%), polypropylene (聚丙烯) (3%) and polystyrene, acrylic and polyethylene (2% each). The authors called the ice trap “a major historic global sink of man-made particulates,“ and said their findings “go some way to help clarify

39、 one of the most puzzling aspects of current understanding on the quantities of plastic debris reported in the oceans.“ As Science points out, 288 million tons of plastics were produced in 2012. Micro plastics garbage has also been found on the shores of southernmost Chile, so the authors said it“s

40、time to investigate the planet“s other polar region. “While multiyear sea ice makes up a smaller proportion of annual sea ice cover in the Southern Ocean, and perennial sea ice cover around Antarctica is following different trends, our finding indicate the importance of sampling ice from the Antarct

41、ic to see if it too contains micro plastics,“ they write.（分数：71.00）(1).According to the passage, what are mainly called “micro plastics“?（分数：14.20）A.The pollutants come mostly from debris.B.The pollutants come mostly from fibers.C.The pollutants come mostly from cosmetics.D.The pollutants come mostl

42、y from daily supplies. 解析：解析 事实细节题。据研究显示，所谓的微塑料就是污染物，那些污染物大部分来自于破碎物的残骸，或者是化妆品，又或者是洗衣物的过程中释放的纤维。选项 A、B 和 C 虽然是文章中所述的内容，但都不是完整答案，只有 D 选项是对其他三个答案的概括。故选 D。(2).What does the phrase “wind up“ mean in Para.2?（分数：14.20）A.put an end toB.screw upC.sweep across D.roll up解析：解析 事实细节题。他们估计，按照目前的融化趋势，在未来十年中，一万亿片大小

43、为 5 毫米或者更小的污染物将会席卷整个大洋世界。文章的意思是说污染物将会在整个大洋世界快速蔓延，因此是席卷的意思。其他选项均不合适。故选 C。(3).Why does the author include “rayon“ in, though it is not a plastic?（分数：14.20）A.Because it is a significant manmade semi-synthetic discovered in the ocean. B.Because it is a major natural semi-synthetic appearing in the marin

44、e.C.Because it is a minor manmade synthetic dug out in the marine.D.Because it is a significant natural synthetic explored in the marine.解析：解析 事实细节题。尽管人造纤维不是塑料(它是用木材做的)，研究人员之所以把它算在其中，是因为它是人造的半合成品，它在所有海洋合成微粒中占据相当大的比例。其他三个选项均不符合文章的意义。故选 A。(4).What can we infer from the ice trap “a major historic globa

45、l sink of man-made particulates“?（分数：14.20）A.The historic sink should be attributed to man-made particulates.B.People on a worldwide scale have reaped what they had sown. C.The ice trap is of major historic meaning on the global context.D.The major historic global sink is derived from the ice meltin

46、g.解析：解析 推理判断题。他们将这一冰陷称为“具有重大历史意义的全球性人造微粒陷阱”。由此可知选项 C 和 D 可以排除。选项 A 虽意义正确但只是该句的同义转换。只有 B 选项是弦外之音。故选 B。(5).What“s the best title of this passage?（分数：14.20）A.Rayon was the most common synthetic in the ocean.B.It“s time to research the planet“s other polar region.C.Trillions of plastic pieces found in t

47、he Arctic ice. D.Trillions of plastic pieces will wind up in the ocean.解析：解析 综合理解题。文章第一句就提到：研究人员表示，北冰洋的冰水混合物中大约含有数万亿的塑料碎片和其他合成垃圾，而且在全球变暖侵蚀极地冰冠的同时，这些数万亿的垃圾正在被释放到世界的大洋中去。说明 C 选项是文章主要意义的概括。而其他三个选项均是文章中某些段落的意义截取。故选C。五、Passage Two(总题数：1，分数：20.00)I actually admire Gates for his generosity and advocacy for

48、 the fight against global poverty. We just disagree about how to end poverty throughout the world. Gates believes poverty will end by identifying technical solutions. My research shows that the first step is not identifying technical solutions, but ensuring poor people“s rights. Gates concentrates his foundation“s efforts on finding the right fixes to the problems of the world“s poor. Along with official aid donors, the foundation works together with local, generally autocratic(独裁的), governments on these technical solutions. Last year, Gates cited Ethiopia(埃塞俄比亚) in a Wall Street Journal g