公共英语五级-35及答案解析.doc

1、公共英语五级-35 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)You will hear a talk. As you listen, answer Questions 1 to 5 by writing T (for True) or F (for False). You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE. （分数：5.00）(1).It is known that a human life begins when a male sperm

2、and a female egg join.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(2).It is the sperm that determines the genetic property of a new life.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(3).A clone life is an exact copy of the body it comes from because it has only one set of chromosomes.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(4).The dark side of cloning can be summed up in one

3、sentence: it could be misused.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误(5).The speaker holds that we should abandon cloning.（分数：1.00）A.正确B.错误三、Part B(总题数：2，分数：6.00)Questions 1 3 are based on the following talk; listen and choose the best answer. （分数：3.00）(1).Why does the man think that the idea of genetic make-up is fright

4、ening?（分数：1.00）A.Because it suggests that criminals are born and not made.B.Because it suggests that criminals will become first class policemen.C.Because it suggests that criminals regard crime as a way of life.D.Because it suggests that criminals see the police as the enemy.(2).What kind of famili

5、es can bring up criminals according to the woman?（分数：1.00）A.The ones in which there is violence.B.The ones that are not well-educated.C.The ones that regard crime as a way of life and see the police as enemy.D.The ones that bring their children in a particular way.(3).What does the man mean by sayin

6、g “it takes a thief to catch a thief“?（分数：1.00）A.The thief likes to catch another thief.B.It“s easy for a thief to catch a thief.C.It is better for a thief to get reformed by catching thieves.D.Similar qualities are necessary to become a successful criminal or a first-class policeman.Questions 4 6 a

7、re based on the following talk; listen and choose the best answer. （分数：3.00）(1).How many men in Britain snore?（分数：1.00）A.Six percent of all men.B.Eight percent of all men.C.One percent of all men.D.Two percent of all men.(2).Which is the symptom of those people who suffer from sleep apnea?（分数：1.00）A

8、They snore loudly.B.They can stop breathing for more than ten seconds as much as ten times an hour.C.They fall asleep while driving.D.Both A and B.(3).Which is not regarded as the cause of sleep apnea according to the speaker?（分数：1.00）A.Having a short jaw.B.Being overweight.C.Being too tired.D.Some

9、 genetic element.四、Part C(总题数：1，分数：5.00)You will hear a talk. As you listen, you must answer Questions 1 5 by writing NO MORE THAN THREE words. （分数：5.00）(1).Why is future man believed to be different?（分数：1.00）_(2).What will people“s heads be like?（分数：1.00）_(3).What will happen to future man“s hair?（

10、分数：1.00）_(4).Why will our fingers grow more sensitive?（分数：1.00）_(5).How will future man“s appearance be?（分数：1.00）_五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：30.00)Some 200,000 babies are born in the United States each year with deformed bodies, impaired minds and possibly fatal abnormalities in body chemistryoft

11、en because of defective genes or chromosomes. If a way could be found to “test“ routinely the genes of prospective married couples-much as the 1 now take Wassermann tests to detect syphilisthe toll might be reduced drastically. This is the goal of genetic counseling. And while it is still far offtes

12、ting is expensive and elaborategenetic counseling centers in hospitals and clinics 2 the United States are already helping parents. At a symposium sponsored by the National Foundation March of Dimes in New York City, it was announced that between 1955 and 1969 the number of 3 had grown from 20 to 11

13、4. Such centers help the 4 of a defective child in their decision whether or not to have more children, and they advise couples 5 family histories of genetic diseases even before marriage. The genes that help determine a 6 individual characteristicsfrom the color of his eyes to the 7 he makes on an

14、IQ testare located on chromosomes within the cells of his body. Half of a person“s chromosomes come from his father, 8 from his mother. Many diseases are the result of a single 9 gene on one of the chromosomes. Achondroplastic dwarfism, for example, is caused by a dominant 10 and any child who inher

15、its it will have the disease. A genetic counselor confronted by a parent with such a disease could warn that half of his children 11 the disease. More often, genetic disease are caused by recessive genes. The most common is cystic fibrosis, a disorder that 12 at least one in every 1,600 babies and c

16、auses their lungs and other body 13 to become congested with mucus. A child who inherits only one of these recessive genes will not have the disease, but will be a 14 . If both parents are carriers, one in four of their children will have cystic fibrosis, 15 will be carriers, and one will be normal.

17、分数：30.00）六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Major companies are already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engin

18、e. They speak of what the New York Times calls “metal-hungry microbes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water“. They have already demanded and won the right to patent new lifeforms. Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, interna

19、tional, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnological field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills“ that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm

20、 Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about possibilities that stagger the imagination. Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologicall

21、y alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating pilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate “inferior“ people and breed a “super-race“? (Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry that

22、 may soon issue from our laboratories.) Should we produce soldiers to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit“ babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “savings bank“ full of spare kidney, livers, or hands? Wild as these

23、 notions may sound, every one has its advocates (and opposers) in the scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? “Broad scale genetic engineering will probably be i

24、ntroduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.“（分数：10.00）(1).The exhaust

25、from the automobile might be checked by _.（分数：2.00）A.adjusting the engineB.sending data to a microprocessorC.using enzymesD.mining valuable trace metals from ocean water(2).What is many scientists worried about most?（分数：2.00）A.Population explosion.B.Oil spill.C.Disease spread.D.Poisonous microbes re

26、lease.(3).Which of the following is NOT mentioned as the scientists“ imagination?（分数：2.00）A.Developing a “savings bank“ of organs.B.Altering workers to fit the job requirement.C.Using genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate“ unfit“ babies.D.Using genetic forecasting to cure diseases.(4).What does the a

27、uthor imply in the last paragraph?（分数：2.00）A.The notions mentioned are too wild.B.Every notion has its advocates and opposers in the scientific community.C.The commercial application of genetic engineering will be inevitable.D.The potential application of each new genetic advance should be controlle

28、d.(5).Which should be the best title of the text?（分数：2.00）A.The Gene IndustryB.The Worries of ScientistsC.The Imaginations of ScientistsD.The Applications of Genetic Engineering八、Part B(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Some recent world-beating genetic research may pave the way for the breeding of super stock. The re

29、search, by a husband and wife team at the Ruakura Agriculture Research centre in Hamilton, New Zealand, has far-reaching implications not only for meat production, but for medicine and science. 1 The latest discovery is a genetic mutation that causes double muscle growth in some breeds of cattle. It

30、 gives the first specific genetic information on the inheritance of agriculturally desirable traits in cattle and could lead to the development of cattle reeds with improved yield and quality. 2 The report, in May, described the double-sized muscles of mice that lacked a gene known as myostatin. Dr.

31、 Kambadur said the huge muscles of the mice were reminiscent of the double muscling in some breeds of cattle. In just two months the couple“s work proved that myostatin was the key factor to the growth in the double-muscled Belgian Blue cattle, as well as in the mice. Dr. Kambadur read the report in

32、 May and the couple started work in the middle of that month. They had the finished results in late June, and in July worked on the scientific paper describing their work for publication. Dr. kambadur said his wife“s experience in human genetics was critical to the success of the work. 3 Other devel

33、opments being studied could identify genes that produce on the marbling of fat in beef so desired by the Japanese, and cattle could be bred with that trait. As well, growth rates would be the same for genetically identical cattle whose muscle fiber, size and type can also be determined. This could m

34、ean the breeding of cattle can produce steaks that are consistent in size, tenderness and color in the way that peas in a prod are similar. Dr. Bass said it was believed that researchers in other countries were working along similar lines to the New Zealand group. The Ruakura researchers got a head

35、start because studies were already being done there on Belgian Blue cattle and tissue samples were immediately available. Dr. Kambadur and Dr. Sharma “worked very hard and didn“t make mistakes,“ he said. 4 They married in 1987 and seven months later Dr. Kambadur went to the United States and a posit

36、ion with the National Institute for Health in Washington. Dr. Sharma followed in 1989 to a job with the same institute. Both moved now to the prestigious Johns Hopkin University Medical School in Baltimore, Maryland; she in pediatrics, he in gastro-enterology. 5 Dr. Kambadur said his father, a veter

37、inarian who knows the breed of Belgian Blue cattle used in the genetic research, lives in southern India, and was not an expressive man. Though he was proud of his son“s achievements he had never put it into words before. Dr. Sharma said her family also in India, were similarly impressed and were ke

38、en to get the newspaper pictures taken at the announcement of the couple“s successful genetic research. A. Until now the only way of increasing meat production in cattle was through selective breeding and diet. Double-muscled cattle not only have a higher meat yield but their meat is more tender tha

39、n normal beef breeds. They also have less bone and fat. Dr. Bass said the finding could mean higher returns for farmers because each animal would produce more of the meat used in high-priced cuts. B. The gene, which is also present in humans, may have application in medicine, including the treatment

40、 of musculo-degenerative diseases or in tissue repair. The couple behind the work, Dr. Ravi Kambadur and Dr. Mridula Sharma of Ruakur“s growth physiology group, followed up a report in a British scientific journal. Their subsequent discovery was unprecedented for its speed. C. Project leader Dr. Joh

41、n Bass said the discovery “opened the flood gates“ for further work on the factors that controlled muscle growth. D. To reduce the effects of a sting, and to perhaps save a life, swift action is essential. Rubbing or even touching the affected area will only increase the amount of toxin released and

42、 damage the surrounding tissue or internal organs. An antivenin, available since the mid-1980s, has meant fewer deaths, but keeping the patient calm and dousing the affected area with vinegar is the best thing. E. The husband-and-wife team Mridula Sharma and Ravi Kambadur met over their text-books a

43、t India“s premier biomedical research institute, as they completed doctoral theses in biochemistry on similar topics under the same supervisor. Dr. Sharma said they became good friends through science; her husband joked: “The antibodies brought us together.“ F. Dr. Kambdur won the Andhra radish stat

44、e“s only gold medal for academic and all-round excellence when he completed his master“s degree in biochemistry in 1982, but it was the recent genetic research which saw, for the first time in his life, the 36-year-old Indian-born scientist praised by his father.（分数：10.00）九、Part C(总题数：1，分数：20.00)A=R

45、ange Rover B=Nissan C=Lincoln Mercury Which car. is designed especially for women? 1 offers luxury, comfort and elegance? 2 can offer top-flight handling performance? 3 can climb out of the most difficult terrain? 4 provides more stability? 5 functions well in bad weather? 6 has a V8 engine? 7 can a

46、bsorb uncomfortable noise? 8 has a more conventional drive system? 9 has been made an alternative to the traditional luxury saloon car? 10 Range Rover Today, in a world where most luxury cars do much the same job in the same way, the new Range Rover is an even more exclusive class act. It offers a c

47、ombination of luxury with dependability, comfort with toughness and elegance with versatilitya marriage of virtues one would be hard to find in a traditional luxury saloon car. The new car has had 1.75 million man hours invested in it. Every aspect has been re-examined so the car performs better tha

48、n ever. Its 4 by 4 abilities are still made of legendary stuff, enabling it to climb out of the most difficult terrain with ease. And it is this extra-terraineous traversing ability that makes the Range Rover extraordinary. Many facets of the new Range Rover may be familiar but in reality, the new car has practically been re-inventedoffering itself as a real alternative to the traditional luxury saloon car. Yo