公共英语四级-411及答案解析.doc

1、公共英语四级-411 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Section Listening (总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、Part A(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).A Nobel Prize is one of the most highly regarded _ honors.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The first Nobel Prizes were awarded in _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Among the five Nobel Prizes, there are three in various scien

2、ces, one for _. and the Peace Prize.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Nobel wished his property to be contributed to the _ of prizes in his last will.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).The first part of the prize is a gold _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、Part B(总题数：1，分数：5.00)(1).The daily circulation of the Daily Mirror and the Daily Expre

3、ss is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).The total weekly circulation of local newspapers in Britain is _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).What of the local papers is naturally influenced by the community they serve?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4)._ are regular suppliers of news for local papers.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).What is essential for

4、 the success of a newspaper?（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、Part C(总题数：3，分数：10.00)Questions 11 13 are based on a dialogue between husband and wife. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 11 13.（分数：3.00）(1).What does the man think about the weather where he now lives?（分数：1.00）A.Its too hot.B.Its too humid.C.It

5、snows too much.D.It snows too little.(2).What does the conversation tell us about the new job the man is talking about?（分数：1.00）A.It will offer him a better opportunity for career development.B.It requires a lot of experience in business management.C.He is quite confident that he can get it.D.He has

6、 to be interviewed twice for the job.(3).What does the man have to do next week?（分数：1.00）A.Be the Director of a big company.B.Get a big raise in salary,C.Fly to Los Angeles for an interview.D.Go skiing in the mountains.Questions 14 17 are based on a radio interview. You now have 20 seconds to read Q

7、uestions 14 17.（分数：4.00）(1).Who is the person being interviewed?（分数：1.00）A.John Nash.B.Russell Crowe.C.Nashs friend.D.Crowes doctor.(2).We learn that the strange voices John Nash heard came from _.（分数：1.00）A.his subconsciousnessB.some alien beingsC.the actors imaginationD.the True reality(3).Which o

8、f the following does the interviewee consider accurate?（分数：1.00）A.Brash.B.“You dont know a crap.“C.“How could you?“D.Arrogant.(4).When John Nash went into his mental illness, he didnt realize that _.（分数：1.00）A.he was quite alertedB.he was enlightenedC.it was mental illnessD.it was in a movieQuestion

9、s 18 20 are based on a talk introducing American adult education programs. You now have 15 seconds to read Questions 18 20.（分数：3.00）(1).Which is NOT the purpose of the adult students taking part in adult programs?（分数：1.00）A.To finish their education.B.To learn job skills.C.To explore new interests.D

10、To develop their brains.(2).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this talk?（分数：1.00）A.Montgomery College.B.The University of Arizona.C.Elder hostel.D.The departments of Agriculture and Defense.(3).Which of the following is true according to the talk?（分数：1.00）A.Adult education classes meet in

11、school, public libraries, religious centers and nature scienceB.Adults can take the classes by mail or on their computers providing by the University of Arizona Extended University.C.Some adults explore new interests through learning job skills and learning to speak a foreign language.D.An agency in

12、 the Federal Department of Education offers classes in many subjects for adults.五、Section Use of Eng(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Standard English is the variety of English which is usually used in print and which is normally taught in schools and to non-native speakers learning the language. It is also the varie

13、ty which is normally (21) by educated people and used in news broadcasts and other (22) situations. The difference between standard and nonstandard, it should be noted, has (23) in principle to do with differences between formal and colloquial (24) ; standard English has colloquial as well as formal

14、 variants.(25) , the standard variety of English is based on the London (26) of English that developed after the Norman Conquest resulted in the removal of the Court from Winchester to London. This dialect became the one (27) by the educated, and it was developed and promoted (28) a model, or norm,

15、for wider and wider segments of society. It was also the (29) that was carried overseas, but not one unaffected by such export. Today, (30) English is arranged to the extent that the grammar and vocabulary of English are (31) the same everywhere in the world where English is used; (32) among local s

16、tandards is really quite minor, (33) the Singapore, South Africa, and Irish varieties are really very (34) different from one another so far as grammar and vocabulary are (35) . Indeed, Standard English is so powerful that it exerts a tremendous (36) on all local varieties, to the extent that many o

17、f long-established dialects of England have (37) much of their vigor and there is considerable pressure on them to be (38) . This (39) situation is not unique to English: it is also true in other countries where processes of standardization are (40) . But it sometimes creates problems for speakers w

18、ho try to strike some kind of compromise between local norms and national, even supernational ones.（分数：20.00）A.saidB.toldC.talkedD.spokenA.sameB.similarC.equalD.identicalA.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everythingA.languageB.vocabularyC.idiomsD.wordsA.SurprisinglyB.HistoricallyC.InterestinglyD.Genera

19、llyA.accentB.pronunciationC.spellingD.dialectA.preferredB.learnedC.praisedD.createdA.toB.inC.asD.forA.basisB.normC.ruleD.varietyA.formalB.colloquialC.non-standardD.standardA.notB.veryC.muchD.hardlyA.variationB.standardizationC.unificationD.transformationA.whileB.butC.so thatD.neverthelessA.greatB.mu

20、chC.noD.littleA.talkedB.concernedC.mentionedD.involvedA.pressB.pressureC.powerD.forceA.lostB.gainedC.missedD.gotA.abandonedB.changedC.standardizedD.reformedA.latterB.laterC.lateD.latelyA.in the wayB.under wayC.out of the wayD.all the way六、Section Reading Co(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Part A(总题数：0，分数：0.00)八、Pas

21、sage 1(总题数：1，分数：5.00)For centuries, explorers have risked their lives venturing into the unknown for reasons that were to varying degrees economic and nationalistic. Columbus went west to look for better trade routes to the Orient and to promote the greater glory of Spain. Lewis and Clark journeyed

22、into the American wilderness to find out what the US had acquired when it purchased Louisiana, and the Appolo astronauts rocketed to the moon in a dramatic show of technological muscle during the cold war.Although their missions blended commercial and political-military imperatives, the explorers in

23、volved all accomplished some significant science simply by going where no scientists had gone.Today Mars looms as humanitys next great terra incognita. And with doubtful prospects for a short- term financial return, with the cold war a rapidly fading memory and amid a growing emphasis on internation

24、al cooperation in large space ventures, it is-clear that imperatives other than profits or nationalism will have to compel human beings to leave their tracks on the planets reddish surface. Could it be that science. which has long played a minor role in exploration, is at last destined to take a lea

25、ding role? The question naturally invites a couple of others: Are there experiments that only humans could do on Mars? Could those experiments pro- vide insights profound enough to justify the expense of sending people across interplanetary space?With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher t

26、han they have ever been. The issue of whether life ever existed on the planet, and whether it persists to this day, has been highlighted by mounting evidence that the Red Planet had abundant stable, liquid water and by the continuing controversy over suggestions that bacterial fossils rode to Earth

27、on a meteorite from Mars. A more conclusive answer about life on Mars, past or present, would give researchers invaluable data about the range of conditions under which a planet can generate the complex chemistry that leads to life, If it could be established that life arose independently on Mars an

28、d Earth, the finding would provide the first concrete clues in one of the deepest mysteries in all of science: the prevalence of life in the universe.（分数：5.00）(1).According to the passage, the chief purpose of explorers in going to unknown places in the past was _.（分数：1.00）A.to display their country

29、s military mightB.to accomplish some significant scienceC.to find new areas for colonizationD.to pursue commercial and state interests(2).At present, a probable inducement for countries to initiate large-scale space ventures is _.（分数：1.00）A.international cooperationB.scientific researchC.nationalist

30、ic reasonsD.long-term profits(3).What is the main goal of sending human missions to Mars?（分数：1.00）A.To find out if life ever existed there and whether it still exists there.B.To see if animals could survive there.C.To prove the feasibility of large-scale space ventures.D.To show the leading role of

31、science in space exploration(4).By saying “With Mars the scientific stakes are arguably higher than they have ever been“(Line 1, Para. 4),the author means that _.（分数：1.00）A.with Mars the risks involved are much greater than any previous space venturesB.in the case of Mars, the rewards of scientific

32、exploration can be very highC.in the case of Mars, much more research funds are needed than ever beforeD.with Mars, scientists argue, the fundamental interests of science are at issue(5).45 The passage tells us that proof of life on Mars would _.（分数：1.00）A.make clear the complex chemistry in the dev

33、elopment of lifeB.confirm the suggestion that bacterial fossils travelled to Earth on a meteoriteC.reveal the kind of conditions under which life originatesD.provide an explanation why life is common in the universe九、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：5.00)Signs of deafness bad given him great anxiety as early as 1

34、778. For a long time he successfully concealed it from all but his mast intimate friends. The touching document addressed to his brothers in 1802, and known as his “Will“ should be read in its entirety. He reproached men for their injustice in thinking and calling him pugnacious, stubborn, and misan

35、thropical when they did not know that for six years he had suffered from an incurable condition aggravated by incompetent doctors. He dwelled upon his delight in human society from which he had had so early to isolate himself, but the thought of which now filled him with dread as it made 14ira reali

36、ze his loss, not in music but in all finer interchange of ideas. He requested that after his death his present doctor shall be asked to describe his illness and to append it to his document in order that at least then the world might be as far as possible reconciled with him. He left his brothers pr

37、operty, such as it was, if more conventional than the rest of the document.During the last twelve years of his life, his nephew was the cause of most of his anxiety and distress. His brother, Kaspar Karl died in 1815, leaving a widow and a son The boy turned out utterly unworthy of his uncles persis

38、tent devotion and gave him every cause for anxiety. He failed in all his examinations, including an attempt to learn some trade in the polytechnic school, whereupon he fell into the hands of the police for at- tempting suicide, and after being expelled from Vienna, joined the army. Beethovens utterl

39、y simple nature could neither educate nor understand a human being who was not possessed by the wish to do his best. His nature was passionately affectionate, and he has suffered all his life from the want of a natural outlet for it. He had often been deeply in love and made no secret of it; there w

40、as no one that was not honorable and respected by society as showing the truthfulness and self-control of a great man. Beethovens orthodoxy in such matters has provoked the smiles of Philistines, especially when it showed itself in his objections to Mozart, Don Giovanni and the grounds for selecting

41、 the subject of Fidelio for his own opera. The last thing that Philistines will never understand is that genius is far too independent of convention to abuse it; and Beethovens life, with all its mistakes, its grotesqueness, and its pathos, is as far beyond the shafts of Philistine wit as his art.（分

42、数：5.00）(1).The sentence “genius is far too independent of convention to abuse it“ implies that _.（分数：1.00）A.an artist does not understand conventional moralityB.Philistines expect geniuses to be morally conventionalC.Beethoven lived within a conventional moral codeD.Don Giovanni abuses conventional

43、standards(2).Beethovens contemporaries thought that he was _.（分数：1.00）A.an isolationistB.inspiredC.wealthyD.a good brother-in-law(3).Beethoven was distressed by his nephews _（分数：1.00）A.extravaganceB.unwillingness to do his bestC.joining the armyD.failure to enter polytechnic school(4).According to t

44、he passage, what was the loss to Beethoven when he was deaf?（分数：1.00）A.His talent in music.B.His best friends.C.His delight in music.D.His talking with friends.(5).The word “append“ in Paragraph I means _.（分数：1.00）A.to supplyB.to offerC.to add toD.to imply十、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：5.00)During the adolesc

45、ence, the development of political ideology becomes apparent in the individual: ideology here is defined as the presence of roughly consistent attitudes, more or less organized in reference to a more encompassing set of general principles. As such, political ideology is dim or absent at the beginnin

46、g of adolescence. Its acquisition by the adolescent, in even the most modest sense, requires the acquisition of relatively sophisticated cognitive skills; the ability to manage abstractness, to synthesize and generalize, to imagine the future. These are accompanied by a steady advance in the ability

47、 to understand principles.The childs rapid acquisition of political knowledge also promotes the growth of political ideology during adolescence. By knowledge I mean more than the dull “facts“ such as the composition of country government, that the child is exposed to in the conventional ninth-grade

48、school course. Nor do I mean only information on current political realities. These are facts of knowledge, but they are less critical than the adolescents absorption of a feeling for those many unspoken assumptions about the political system that comprise the common ground of understanding, for exa

49、mple, what the state can “appropriately“ demand of its citizens, and vice versa, or the “proper“ relationship of government to subsidiary social institutions, such as the schools and churches. Thus, political knowledge is the awareness of social assumptions and relationships as well as of objective facts. M