剑桥商务英语高级-63及答案解析.doc

1、剑桥商务英语高级-63 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、READING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、PART ONE(总题数：1，分数：8.00)A The CPI surged 8.7 percent in February year on year, the highest rise for this key inflation figure in over a decade. The February figure was 1.6 percentage points higher than that of January. Normally, a 3-per

2、cent growth of CPI is regarded as inflation. The CPI growth rate cast a shadow over the Chinese economy and put the government in a tight spot. The government could continue to take monetary measures such as jnterest rate hikes，but it would be against the international trend of interest rate cuts si

3、nce the global economy has been on the recession track due to the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis. Further rate hikes would draw in speculative currency, which might lead to problems such as liquidity.B The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer for inflation, grew 7.7 percent in May year on year, 0

4、.8 percentage points lower than that in April, according to the National Bureau of Statistics(NBS). It came as no surprise for financial institutions that the CPI dropped in May month on month, as food price, a major trigger for this round of inflation, dropped considerably thanks to an abundant sum

5、mer supply. There is no quick fix yet to cure inflation. But Song Guoqing, economics professor of Peking University, stated the most efficient and simple way to control inflation is to control money supply. He called on the central bank to strictly reinforce stringent monetary policy to resolve infl

6、ation pressure.C The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer for inflation at the retail level, grew 6.3 percent in July year on year. The year-on-year growth rate slowed compared with the CPIs 7.1-percent growth rate in June. But month-on-month growth accelerated 0.1 percentage point from June to

7、July. Inflation pressure also gained momentum after dropping in May and June. Food prices, which account for one third of the CPI basket and are considered as a major trigger of this round of inflation, rose 14.4 percent in July.D “Combating inflation“ ceased to be the governments priority as the co

8、nsumer price index (CPI)growth rate continued to drop. Instead, the government has switched the focus of the countrys macro-control policies to “maintain growth“ against the backdrop of the global economic downturn. In September, the CPI grew 4.6 percent year on year. but fell 0.3 percent. age point

9、s compared with that of August. The CPI growth rate dropped for five consecutive months, demonstrating that government efforts to cap runaway inflation were paying off. Economists expect inflationary pressure to continue to ease in the fourth quarter.E The consumer price index(CPI), the barometer of

10、 inflation, was down 0.3 percent in October compared with that of September. The National Bureau of Statistics(NBS)said the CPIs year-on-year growth in October was 4 percent, the lowest growth rate in 17 months. The government has made “reinina in infiation“ its top economic priority since the middl

11、e of last year, when citizens were hit with soaring costs of living. Afterwards, six rounds of interest rate hikes and other measures to cool the economy paid off as economic growth slowed amid the global financial turmoil.（分数：8.00）(1).CPI growth rate in this month is the lowest in seventeen months.

12、（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).CPI growth rate in this month puts the Chinese government in a dilemma.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).By this month, CPI growth rate has dropped for five months.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).CPI growth rate drops 0.8 percent on the basis of the previous month.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Monetary policies suc

13、h as continuous interest rate increase have been put into practice.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).Lots of countries in the world have cut interest rate because of the global economic recession.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).Stringent monetary policy was suggested to carry out to respond to inflation pressure.（分数：1.00）填空项

14、 1:_(8).Chinese governments priority has been changed to respond to inflation pressure.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_三、PART TWO(总题数：1，分数：6.00)Barriers to International BusinessFirms desiring to enter international business face several obstacles, some much more severe than others. The most common barriers to inte

15、rnational business are: cultural, social, and political barriers, and tariffs and trade restrictions.A nations culture and social forces can restrict international business activities. Culture consists of a countrys general ideas and values and tangible items such as food, clothing, and buildings. S

16、ocial forces include family, education, religion, and customs. (9) Some countries also have different values about spending than do Americans. The Japanese have long been a nation that believes in paying cash for the products they buy, although the use of credit cards has soared in Japan over the la

17、st few years. The Japanese still save nearly 20 percent of individual income, compared to about 4 percent saved by people in the United States.(10) In some countries, purchasing items as basic as food and clothing can be influenced by religion. And some societies simply do not value material possess

18、ions to the same degree that Americans do.Most firms know the importance of understanding the cultural and social differences between selling and buying countries. (11) For instance, a business deal in Japan can fall through if a foreign businessman refuses a cup of green tea during a visit to a nat

19、ive Japanese firm.The political climate of a country can have a major impact on international business. Nations experiencing intense political unrest may change their attitude toward foreign firms at any time; this instability creates an unfavourable atmosphere for international trade.Tariffs and tr

20、ade restrictions are also barriers to international business. A nation can restrict trade through import tariffs, quotas and embargoes, and exchange controls.Import tariffs: a duty, or tax, levied against goods brought into a country is an import tariff. (12) The risk in importing tariff is that the

21、 other country could take the same action.Quotas and embargoes: a quota is a limit on the amount of a product that can leave or enter a country. Some quotas are established on a voluntary basis. (13) For instance, Japanese automobile manufacturers have voluntarily reduced the number of cars shipped

22、from the United States to five automakers here the time they need to modernise their factories. An embargo is a total ban on certain imports and exports. Many embargoes are politically caused.Exchange controls: restrictions on the amount of a certain currency that can be bought or sold are called ex

23、change controls. (14) A Tariff can be used to discourage foreign competitors from entering a domestic market.B A government can use exchange controls to limit the amount of products that importers can purchase with a particular currency.C The voluntary quota reduced the quantity of products for expo

24、rtation.D Selling products from one country to another is sometimes difficult when the cultures of the two countries differ significantly.E Generally, a voluntary quota fosters goodwill and protects a country from foreign competition.F However, managers still make costly mistakes when conducting bus

25、iness internationally simply because they do not understand such differences.G The most common barriers to international business are: cultural, social, and political barriers, and tariffs and trade restrictions.H Social forces which are universal in peoples daily life can create obstacles to intern

26、ational trade.（分数：6.00）填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_填空项 1:_四、PART THREE(总题数：1，分数：6.00)StarbucksBecause of rapid globalisation over recent years, the competition around the world becomes more intense, especially for the service industry with the similar products. The most critical point for bus

27、iness to succeed is not only the quality of products they supply, but also the atmosphere of cooperating and the amount from yield of teamwork in retail sales. The employees who always deal with customers and can realise what customers really need are first-line staff. Therefore, it turns to be esse

28、ntial for companies to motivate, reward and train their employees to be the best quality personnel.Starbucks began by three friends, Jerry Baldwin, Zev Siegl, and Gordon Bowker, who knew each other in the University of Seattle. In 1971, the first name of their store is “Starbucks Coffee, Tea and Spi

29、ce“ in Seattle, Washingtons Pike Place Market. Starbucks Corpotation, the most famous chain of retail coffee shops in the world, mainly benefits from roasting，selling special coffee beans and various kinds of coffee or tea drinks. It owns about 4,000 branches in the whole world. Moreover, it has bee

30、n one of the most rapidly growing corporations in America as well. The reasons why Starbucks is worldwide popular are not only the quality of coffee, but also its customer service and cozy environment. Starbucks established comfortable surroundings for people to socialise with a fair price, which at

31、tracts consumers of various ages to get into the stores. Besides, it is also noted for its satisfaction of employees.Starbucks is one of the optimal business models for cooperation and teamwork. Teamwork can not only construct a small social structure in orgunisation for employees to socialise, but

32、also is a composite of various kinds of members who are equipped with different background of skill and knowledge on account of the mission. Each member plays an important role in the teamwork; therefore, everyone in that team can meet his need for getting acquainted with different colleagues and le

33、arn new skill from each other. Thus the definition of teamwork is a social system including more than three people in an organisation or context. These members identify others as one member of the team and they have the same goal.The managers in Starbucks treat each workpeople equally and an of the

34、staff are called partners, even the supervisors of each branch are so called as well. In order to narrow the gap between managers and employees, they also co-work with the basic level staff in the front line. Due to this, they can maintain a good management system and create a much closer and more f

35、amiliar atmosphere than other places, which makes not only employees enjoy their job but also customers affected by their enthusiasm.Starbucks has a well-organised communication channel for employees. It places a great importance on labours. For example, managers plan the working hours per worker an

36、d arrange the schedule of time off, and meet their requirements according to their wants. There are interviews every week to see what employees need is. A special survey called “Partner View Survey“ is taken off approximately every two years. The managers can receive feedbacks through the event on w

37、hich part should be improved or what issue should be paid more attention to.The partners have the right to figure out what is the best policy for them, and the directors show a respect for each suggestion. Starbucks even wants every employee to join in making and developing plans, then achieving the

38、ir goals all together. As a result, the policies and principles are communicated between all staff, and there is no limitation in employees personal opinions. For this reason, business could improve, even innovate their strategies by different ideas.（分数：6.00）(1).The employees who can understand what

39、 customers really need are（分数：1.00）A.managers.B.important staff.C.supervisors.D.best quality personnel.(2).Which of the following is not true according to the second paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Starbucks mainly benefits from roasting, selling coffee beans and coffee or tea drinks.B.Starbucks is worldwide p

40、opular due to the price of coffee.C.Starbucks is famous for its satisfaction of employees.D.Starbucks is worldwide popular due to comfortable surroundings.(3).According to the third paragraph, we can deduce Starbucks attach great importance to（分数：1.00）A.individual effort.B.individual ability.C.teamw

41、ork.D.serious atmosphere.(4).In order to narrow the gap between managers and employees, they also co-work with the basic level staffs in the front line, which can maintain（分数：1.00）A.a good management system and create a more intimate and familiar atmosphere.B.a good management system and create a le

42、isurely atmosphere.C.a loose management system and create a much closer and more familiar atmosphere.D.a loose management system and create a more relaxing atmosphere.(5).What is the purpose of “Partner View Survey“ ?（分数：1.00）A.Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can receive feedbacks to improve

43、their work.B.Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can plan the working hours per worker.C.Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can arrange the schedule of time off.D.Through “Partner View Survey“ managers can meet the requirements of employees(6).Why could Starbucks improve its business accordin

44、g to the last paragraph?（分数：1.00）A.Because the partners can figure out their best policies. and the directors respect their suggestions.B.Because Starbucks closes its ears to partners suggestions.C.Because Starbucks allows every employee to make and develop plans.D.Because Starbucks has a well-organ

45、ised communication channel for employees.五、PART FOUR(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Company StructureMost organisations have hierarchical or pyramidal structure, with one person or a group of people at the top, and an increasing number of people below them at each successive level. There is a clear line or chain of

46、 command running down the (21) All the people in the organisation know what decisions they are able to (22) , who their superior is.Some people in an organisation have colleagues who help them: for example, there might be an Assistant to the Marketing Manager. This is known as a staff position: its

47、holder has no line (23) , and is not integrated into the chain of command, unlike, for example, the Assistant Marketing Manager, who is number two in the marketing department.Yet the activities of most companies are too complicated to be (24) in a single hierarchy. Shortly before the First World War

48、, the French industrialist Henry Fayol organised his coal-mining business according to the (25) that it had to carry out, He is generally credited with (26) functional organisation. Today, most large manufacturing organisations have a functional structure, including production, finance, marketing, s

49、ales, and personnel or human resources department. This means, for example, that the production and marketing departments cannot make financial decisions (27) consulting the finance department.Functional organisation is efficient, but there are two standard criticisms. Firstly, people are usually more (28) with the success of their department tha