美国研究生入学考试题库（GRE）真题一及答案解析.doc

1、美国研究生入学考试题库（GRE）真题一及答案解析(总分：156.00，做题时间：180 分钟)一、SECTION 1(总题数：38，分数：38.00)1.Acomputer program can provide information in ways that force students to - learning instead of being merely - of knowledge. （分数：1.00）A.shore up reservoirsB.accede to consumersC.participate in recipientsD.compensate for cust

2、odiansE.profit from beneficiaries2.The form and physiology of leaves vary according to the - in which they develop: for example, leaves display a wide range of adaptations to different degrees of light and moisture.（分数：1.00）A.relationshipB.speciesC.sequenceD.patternsE.environment3.One theory about i

3、ntelligence sees - as the logical structure underlying thinking and insists that since animals are mute, they must be - as well.（分数：1.00）A.since abehavior inactiveB.instinct cooperativeC.heredity thoughtfulD.adaptation brutalE.language mindless4.Though - in her personal life, Edna St. Vincent Millay

4、 was nonetheless - about her work, usually producing several pages of complicated rhyme in a day.（分数：1.00）A.day. jaded fecklessB.verbose asceticC.vain humbleD.impulsive disciplinedE.self-assured sanguine5.The childrens - natures were in sharp contrast to the even-tempered dispositions of their paren

5、ts.（分数：1.00）A.mercurialB.blitheC.phlegmaticD.introvertedE.artless6.By - scientific rigor with a quantitative approach, researchers in the social sciences may often have - their scope to those narrowly circumscribed topics that are well suited to quantitative methods.（分数：1.00）A.undermining diminished

6、B.equating enlargedC.vitiating expandedD.identifying limitedE.imbuing broadened7.As early as the seventeenth century, philosophers called attention to the - character of the issue, and their twentieth-century counterparts still approach it with -.（分数：1.00）A.absorbing indifferenceB.unusual composureC

7、.complex antipathyD.auspicious cautionE.problematic uneasiness8.TRIPOD: CAMERA:（分数：1.00）A.scaffolding: ceilingB.prop: setC.easel: canvasD.projector: filmE.frame: photograph9.AQUATIC: WATER:（分数：1.00）A.(cumulus: cloudsB.inorganic: elementsC.variegated: leavesD.rural: soilE.arboreal: trees10.EMOLLIENT:

8、 SUPPLENESS:（分数：1.00）A.unguent: elasticityB.precipitant: absorptionC.additive: fusionD.desiccant: drynessE.retardant: permeability11.DRAW: DOODLE:（分数：1.00）A.talk: whisperB.travel: rambleC.run: walkD.calculate: addE.(eat: gobble12.CONSPICUOUS: SEE:（分数：1.00）A.repulsive: forgetB.prohibited: discountC.d

9、eceptive: deludeD.impetuous: disregardE.transparent: understand13.IMMATURE: DEVELOPED:（分数：1.00）A.accessible: exposedB.theoretical: conceivedC.tangible: identifiedD.irregular: classifiedE.incipient: realized14.PERSPICACITY: ACUTE:（分数：1.00）A.adaptability: prescientB.decorum: complacentC.caprice: whims

10、icalD.discretion: literalE.ignorance: pedantic15.PLAYFUL: BANTER:（分数：1.00）A.animated: originalityB.exaggerated: hyperboleC.insidious: effronteryD.pompous: irrationalityE.taciturn: solemnity16.QUARANTINE: CONTAGION:（分数：1.00）A.blockage: obstacleB.strike: concessionC.embargo: commerceD.vaccination: ino

11、culationE.prison: reform17.The author asserts that the historians discussed in the passage have（分数：1.00）A.influenced feminist theorists who concentrate on the familyB.honored the perceptions of the women who participated in the women suffrage movementC.treated feminism as a social force rather than

12、as an intellectual traditionD.paid little attention to feminist movementsE.expanded the conventional view of nineteenth- century feminism18.The author of the passage asserts that some twentieth-century feminists have influenced some historians view of the（分数：1.00）A.significance of the woman suffrage

13、 movementB.importance to society of the family as an institutionC.degree to which feminism changed nineteenth- century societyD.philosophical traditions on which contemporary feminism is basedE.public response to domestic feminism in the nineteenth century19.The author of the passage suggests that w

14、hich of the following was true of nineteenth-century feminists?（分数：1.00）A.Those who participated in the moral reform movement were motivated primarily by a desire to reconcile their private lives with their public positions.B.Those who advocated domestic feminism, although less visible than the suff

15、ragists, were in some ways the more radical of the two groups.C.Those who participated in the woman suffrage movement sought social roles for women that were not defined by womens familial rolesD.Those who advocated domestic feminism regarded the gaining of more autonomy within the family as a step

16、toward more participation in public lifeE.Those who participated in the nineteenth- century moral reform movement stood midway between the positions of domestic feminism and suffragism20.The author implies that which of the following is true of the historians discussed in the passage?（分数：1.00）A.They

17、 argue that nineteenth-century feminism was not as significant a social force as twentieth-century feminism has beenB.They rely too greatly on the perceptions of the actual participants in the events they studyC.Their assessment of the relative success of nineteenth-century domestic feminism does no

18、t adequately take into account the effects of antifeministD.Their assessment of the significance of nineteenth-century suffragism differs considerably from that of nineteenth-century feministsE.They devote too much attention to nineteenth- century suffragism at the expense of more radical movements

19、that emerged shortly after the turn of the century21.In the passage, the author is primarily concerned with（分数：1.00）A.identifying the kinds of thinking that are used by technologistsB.stressing the importance of nonverbal thinking in engineering designC.proposing a new role for nonscientific thinkin

20、g in the development of technologyD.contrasting the goals of engineers with those of technologistsE.criticizing engineering schools for emphasizing science in engineering curricula22.It can be inferred that the authorthinks engineering curricula are（分数：1.00）A.strengthened when they include courses i

21、n designB.weakened by the substitution of physical science courses for courses designed to develop mathematical skillsC.strong because nonverbal thinking is still emphasized by most of the coursesD.strong despite the errors that graduates of such curricula have made in the dvelopment of automatic co

22、ntrol systemsE.strong despite the absence of nonscientific modes of thinking23.Which of the following statements best illustrates the main point of lines 1-28 of the passage?（分数：1.00）A.When a machine like a rotary engine malfunctions, it is the technologist who is best equipped to repair it.B.Each c

23、omponent of an automobilefor example, the engine or the fuel tankhas a shape that has been scientifically determined to be best suited to that components functionC.A telephone is a complex instrument designed by technologists using only nonverbal thoughtD.The designer of a new refrigerator should co

24、nsider the designs of other refrigerators before deciding on its final formE.The distinctive features of a suspension bridge reflect its designers conceptualization as well as the physical requirements of its site.24.Which ofthe following statements would bestserve as an introduction to the passage?

25、（分数：1.00）A.The assumption that the knowledge incorpor- ated in technological developments must be derived from science ignores the many non- scientific decisions made by technologists.B.Analytical thought is no longer a vital com- ponent in the success of technological development.C.As knowledge of

26、technology has increased, the tendency has been to lose sight of the important role played by scientific thought in making decisions about form, arrangement, and textureD.A movement in engineering colleges toward a technicians degree reflects a demand for graduates who have the nonverbal reasoning a

27、bility that was once common among engineersE.A technologist thinking about a machine, reasoning through the successive steps in a dynamic process, can actually turn the machine over mentally.25.The author calls the predicament faced by the Historic American Engineering Record “para- doxical“ (lines

28、36-37) most probably because（分数：1.00）A.the publication needed drawings that its own staff could not makeB.architectural schools offered but did not require engineering design coursesC.college students were qualified to make the drawings while practicing engineers were notD.the drawings needed were s

29、o complicated that even students in architectural schools had difficulty making them.E.engineering students were not trained to make the type of drawings needed to record the development of their26.According to the passage, random failures in automatic control systems are “not merely trivial aberrat

30、ions“ (lines53) because（分数：1.00）A.automatic control systems are designed by engineers who have little practical experience in the fieldB.the failures are characteristic of systems designed by engineers relying too heavily on concepts in mathematicsC.the failures occur too often to be taken lightlyD.

31、designers of automatic control systems have too little training in the analysis of mechanical difficultiesE.designers of automatic control systems need more help from scientists who have a better understanding of the analytical problems to be solved before such systems can work efficiently27.The aut

32、hor uses the example of the early models of high-speed railroad cars primarily to（分数：1.00）A.weaken the argument that modern engineering systems have major defects because of an absence of design courses in engineering curriculaB.support the thesis that the number of errors in modern engineering syst

33、ems is likely to increaseC.illustrate the idea that courses in design are the most effective means for reducing the cost of designing engineering systemsD.support the contention that a lack of attention to the nonscientific aspects of design results in poor conceptualization by engineersE.weaken the

34、 proposition that mathematics is a necessary part of the study of design28.IGNITE：（分数：1.00）A.amplifyB.douseC.obscureD.blemishE.replicate29.MUTATE：（分数：1.00）A.recedeB.grow largerC.link togetherD.remain the sameE.decrease in speed30.FRAGMENT:（分数：1.00）A.ensueB.reviveC.coalesceD.balanceE.accommodate31.OS

35、TENSIBLE：（分数：1.00）A.gargantuanB.inauspiciousC.intermittentD.perpetualE.inapparent32.PROLIXITY：（分数：1.00）A.ceremoniousnessB.flamboyanceC.succinctnessD.inventivenessE.lamentation33.CONCERTED：（分数：1.00）A.meant to obstructB.not intended to lastC.enthusiastically supportedD.run by volunteersE.individually

36、devised34.FORBEARANCE:（分数：1.00）A.fragilityB.impatienceC.freedomD.nervousnessE.tactlessness35.COSSETED：（分数：1.00）A.unspoiledB.irrepressibleC.serviceableD.prone to changeE.free from prejudice36.PROBITY:（分数：1.00）A.timidityB.sagacityC.impertinenceD.uncertaintyE.unscrupulousness37.ESCHEW:（分数：1.00）A.habitu

37、ally indulge inB.take without authorizationC.leave unsaidD.boast aboutE.handle carefully38.REDOUBTABLE:（分数：1.00）A.trustworthyB.unschooledC.credulousD.not formidableE.not certain二、SECTION 2(总题数：9，分数：25.00)There are six questions below，A newsstand will display exactly one copy each of six different ma

38、gazinesM, O, P, S, T, and Vin a single row on a rack. Each magazine will occupy exactly one of the six positions, numbered consecutively 1 through 6. The magazines must be displayed in accordance with the following rules:Either P or else T occupies position 1.Either S or else T occupies position 6.M

39、 and O, not necessarily in that order, occupy consecutively numbered positionsV and T, not necessarily in that order, occupy consecutively numbered positions.（分数：6）(1).Which of the following is an order in which the six magazines can be arranged, from position 1 through position 6?（分数：1）A.M, O, P, S

40、, V, TB.P, O, S, M, V, TC.P, V, T, O, M, SD.P, V, T, S, O, ME.T, P, V, M, O, S(2).If P occupies position 3, which of the following must be true?（分数：1）A.M occupies position 4.B.O occupies position 2.C.S occupies position 5.D.T occupies position 6.E.V occupies position 2.(3).If O and T, not necessaril

41、y in that order, occupy consecutively numbered positions, then T can be in position（分数：1）A.1B.2C.4D.5E.6(4).Which of the following can be true?（分数：1）A.M occupies position 4 and P occupies position 5.B.P occupies position 4 and V occupies position 5.C.S occupies position 2 and P occupies position 3D.

42、P occupies position 2.E.S occupies position 5.(5).If V occupies position 4, then T must occupy the position that is numbered exactly one lower than the position occupied by（分数：1）A.MB.OC.PD.SE.V(6).If S and V, not necessarily in that order, occupy consecutively numbered positions, which of the follow

43、ing must be true?（分数：1）A.M occupies position 4.B.O occupies position 2.C.P occupies position 1.D.S occupies position 6.E.T occupies position 6.39.Patel: Although enrollment in the regions high school has been decreasing for several years, enrollment at the elementary school has grown considerably. T

44、herefore, the regional school board proposes building a new elementary school.Quintero: Another solution would be to convertsome high school classrooms temporarily into classroomsfor elementary schoolstudents.Which of the following, if true, most helpsto support Quinteros alternative proposal？（分数：1.

45、00）A.Some rooms at the high school cannot be con- verted into rooms suitable for the use of ele- mentary school studentsB.The cost of building a high school is higher than the cost of building an elementary school.C.Although the birth rate has not increased, the number of families sending their chil

46、dren to the regions high school hasincreased markedly.D.A high school atmosphere could jeopardize the safety and self-confidence of elementary school studentsE.Even before the regions high school population began to decrease, several high school classrooms rarely needed to be used.40.Which of the fo

47、llowing, if true, most helps explain the difference in the rates of decline between 1980 and 1990 in population of puffins and arctic terns, two kinds of seabirds for which sand eels serve as a primary source of food?（分数：1.00）A.Puffinsswitched in part from their preferred food ofsand eelsto rockfish

48、 and other fish, but arctic terns did notB.The marked decline in the populations of puffins and arctic terns that occurred on Alair Island did not occur on other similar islands nearby, where there are substantial populations of both speciesC.The decline in sand eels was due to changes in environmen

49、tal conditions that affected the reproduction of eels rather than to overfishing by people.D.The main diet of puffin and arctic tern chicks on Alair Island in 1980 consisted of young sand eels.E.Unusualsevere weather that disrupted the breeding cycle of the sand eels of Alair Island in 1989 also damaged the nests of puffins but not those of arctic terns.41.Peter: More than ever before in Risland, college graduates with science degrees are accepting permanent jobs in other fields. That just goes to show that scientists in Risland are not b