上海市中级口译第一阶段笔试模拟8及答案解析.doc

1、上海市中级口译第一阶段笔试模拟 8 及答案解析(总分：250.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、SECTION 1: LISTENING(总题数：0，分数：0.00)二、A: Spot Dictation(总题数：1，分数：30.00)In the United States, older people rarely live with their adult children. But in many other cultures children are expected to care for 1 . In some parts of Italy, the percentage of ad

2、ult children who reside with their parents 2 . In Thailand, too, children are expected to care for their elderly parents; few Thai elderly 3 . What explains these differences in 4 across cultures? Modernization theory linked 5 household to low levels of economic development. In 6 , the elderly live

3、with their children in large extended family units 7 . But with modernization, children move to urban areas, leaving old people behind in 8 . Yet modernization theory can“t explain why extended family households 9 in the United States or England, or why families in Italy, which is 10 , maintain a st

4、rong tradition of intergenerational living. Clearly, economic development alone cannot explain 11 living arrangements. Another theory associated intergenerational living arrangements with 12 . In some cultures, the stem family pattern of inheritance predominates. 13 , parents live with a married chi

5、ld, usually the oldest son, who then 14 when they die. The stem family system was once common in Japan, but changes in inheritance laws, 15 broader social changes brought about by 16 and urbanization, have undermined the tradition. In 1960 about 80 percent of Japanese 17 lived with their children; b

6、y 1990 only 60 percent dida figure that is still high by U.S. standards, but which has been 18 . In Korea, too, traditional living arrangements are eroding: 19 who live with a son declined from 77 percent in 1984 to 50 percent 20 . （分数：30.00）三、B: Listening Compreh(总题数：0，分数：0.00)四、Statements(总题数：2，分数

7、10.00)（分数：5.00）A.I will build a branch in Belgium with the board advisors.B.I have determined that Mr. Johnson“s plan should be adopted.C.Mr. Johnson is going to be responsible for the scheme.D.Mr. Johnson is going to build a branch in Belgium.A.Mr. Smith is one of the best businessmen because he i

8、s well-educated.B.Mr. Smith has the best education of all the businessmen in the company.C.Mr. Smith has no education to be a businessman.D.Mr. Smith is an excellent businessman despite his poor education.A.I will go on a vacation after the target has been accomplished.B.I will sell as many products

9、 as possible to save enough money to take a holiday.C.If I don“t take a holiday, I may not be able to reach the sales quota.D.The sales quota is really hard to reach, so I have a lot of pressure.A.The price of the house has now nearly doubled.B.The price of the house has been reduced by 50%.C.The pr

10、ice of the house has increased by 50%.D.The price of the house nearby remains the same.A.They were through with the job before 6 o“clock.B.They were 3 hours late.C.The completion of the job took more time than they had expected.D.It was at 9:30 that they began to do the job.（分数：5.00）A.The exam is co

11、ming quickly, let“s get ready for it.B.The bridge is dangerous, don“t walk on it.C.Don“t think too much of the approaching test, we may deal with it later.D.The coming examination worries me and I don“t want to cross the bridge.A.More and more students now play cyber games in Internet bars after cla

12、ss, of which government failed to take notice.B.Due to the influence of cyber games on students, certain policies are adopted to prohibit students from frequenting Internet barsC.As students are crazy about cyber games, more and more Internet bars have been set up to meet the demands from students.D

13、The government has been taking measures to shut down as many Internet bars as possible.A.The two companies are satisfied with their cooperation so far.B.The two companies plan to strengthen their cooperation.C.The two companies didn“t reach consensus on the project.D.The two companies negotiated wi

14、th each other and comprised to each other.A.The general manager apologized for breaking his word.B.The general manager is too busy to see you right now.C.The general manager will be back tomorrow from New York.D.The meeting with the general manager will be held at this time of next Monday.A.Left-han

15、ded people tend to be smarter than the right-handed.B.The rate of left-handed having undesirable occurances is higher than that of the right-handed.C.Left-handed people like to have accidents more than the right-handed.D.Left-handed people have greater difficulty in controlling their vehicles.五、Talk

16、s and Conversati(总题数：5，分数：20.00)Questions 11-14 （分数：4.00）A.What kind of food is the most delicious.B.Which hotel is the best hotel.C.Where to have dinner.D.Where to celebrate John“s promotion.A.The Gilbey“s.B.The Golden Bengal.C.The Gino“s.D.None of the above.A.Good food.“B.Nice environment.C.In the

17、 countryside,D.Relaxed atmosphere.A.The wine is great.B.The service is fast.C.The helpings are not enough.D.It“s not at all impressive.Questions 15-18 （分数：4.00）A.11 male students and 7 female students.B.7 male students and 11 female students.C.18 male students and 7 female students.D.7 male students

18、 and 18 female students.A.Favorite color.B.Favorite number.C.Marital questions.D.How to educate children.A.Yellow.B.Green.C.Blue.D.Purple.A.There are not equal numbers of males and females.B.The sample pool is too small.C.The questionnaire survey fails to include enough questions.D.The students didn

19、t give definite answers to the questions.Questions 19-22 （分数：4.00）A.Travel agency.B.Fair-trading office.C.The Association of Travel Agents.D.Certain government department.A.About sixty.B.About fifteen.C.About sixteen.D.About five.A.Both hotels are located in the center of the city.B.Both hotels off

20、er vegetarian menus.C.Both hotels are three star hotels.D.Both hotels are located in the suburban area of the city.A.The Walnut Tree.B.The Europa Hotel.C.The Maltravers.D.Undecided.Questions 23-26 （分数：4.00）A.A farmer.B.Owner of a hostel.C.An architect.D.A handicraftsman.A.Straw is an unlikely materi

21、al for building.B.In securing foundations, metal pins are more sustainable than wooden ones.C.Dried stalks of wheat or barley can also be used in making good walls.D.Bales of straw can be used as bricks in construction work.A.Some stable blocks in central London.B.An extension built onto a barn in S

22、cotland.C.A round construction converted into a rectangular one.D.Retirement houses on the coast of Scotland.A.The walls of a shower room can be made of straw.B.Extractor fans can be fitted on a straw wall.C.Straw can “breathe“ naturally by itself.D.The straw wall looks exactly like a normal wall, w

23、ith no straw showing anywhere.Questions 27-30 （分数：4.00）A.30 years ago.B.14 years ago.C.When he was 30 years old.D.When he was 14 years old.A.An occupation.B.A hobby.C.A sport.D.A pastime.A.Tree care.B.Throwing a rope over the branches of a tree.C.Getting into a harness.D.Rescuing pets.A.Conducting s

24、urgery on the tree.B.Catching a fruit bat up a tree.C.Cutting trees on an island.D.Climbing a skyscraper.六、C: Listening Transla(总题数：0，分数：0.00)七、Sectence Translation(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 5 sentences in English. You will hear the sentences ONLY ONCE. After

25、 you have heard each sentence, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. （分数：20.00）_八、Passage Translation(总题数：1，分数：10.00)Directions: In this part of the test, you will hear 2 passages in English. You will hear the passages ONLY ONCE. After yo

26、u have heard each passage, translate it into Chinese and write your version in the corresponding space in your ANSWER BOOKLET. You may take notes while you are listening. （分数：10.00）_九、SECTION 2: STUDA SKI(总题数：6，分数：60.00)Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is un

27、iversal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person from the Philippines to one“s side, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell. Those private citizens wh

28、o sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that “Gift“ means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm“s length away form others.

29、 Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable. Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and languages of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respec

30、t in the world. Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four languages on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual wai

31、ters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them. When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pickup are conditioned b

32、y those nativesusually the richerwho speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation“s diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters. For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of t

33、he free world, the distributor of needed funds and goods. But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a m

34、ore significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even though it may not always be the upper hand.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably _.（分数：2.00）A.stand still

35、B.jump asideC.step forwardD.draw back(2).The author gives many examples m criticize Americans for their _.（分数：2.00）A.cultural self-centerednessB.casual mannersC.indifference toward foreign visitorsD.arrogance towards other cultures(3).In countries other than their own most Americans _.（分数：2.00）A.are

36、 isolated by the local peopleB.are not well informed due to the language barrierC.tend m get along well with the nativesD.need interpreters in hotels and restaurants(4).According m the author, Americans“ cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will _.（分数：2.00）A.affect their image in the new eraB

37、cut themselves off from the outside worldC.limit their role in world affairsD.weaken the position of the US dollar(5).The author“s intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that _.（分数：2.00）A.it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friendsB.it is important to maintain their lead

38、ing role in world affairsC.it is necessary to use several languages in public placesD.it is time to get acquainted with other culturesIn the atmosphere, carbon dioxide acts rather like a one-way mirrorthe glass in the roof of a greenhouse which allows the sun“s rays to enter but prevents the heat fr

39、om escaping. According to a weather expert“s prediction, the atmosphere will be 3 warmer in the year 2050 than it is today, if man continues to burn fuels at the present rate. If this warming up took place, the ice caps in the poles would begin to melt, thus raising sea level several meters and seve

40、rely flooding coastal cities. Also. the increase in atmospheric temperature would lead to great changes in the climate of the northern hemisphere, possibly resulting in an alteration of earth“s chief food-growing zones. In the past, concern about a man-made warming of the earth has concentrated on t

41、he Arctic because the Antarctic is much colder and has a much thicker ice sheet. But the weather experts are now paying more attention to West Antarctic, which may be affected by only a few degrees of warming, in other words, by a warming on the scale that will possibly take place in the next fifty

42、years from the burning of fuels. Satellite pictures show that large areas of Antarctic ice are already disappearing. The evidence available suggests that a warming has taken place. This fits the theory that carbon dioxide warms the earth. However, most of the fuel is burnt in the northern hemisphere

43、 where temperatures seem to be falling. Scientists conclude, therefore, that up to now natural influences on the weather have exceeded those caused by man. The question is: Which natural cause has most effect on the weather? One possibility is the variable behavior of the sun. Astronomers at one re

44、search station have studied the hot spots and “cold“ spots (that is, the relatively less hot spots) on the sun. As the sun rotates, every 27.5 days, it presents hotter or “colder“ faces to the earth, and different aspects to different parts of the earth. This seems to have a considerable effect on t

45、he distribution of the earth“s atmospheric pressure, and consequently on wind circulation. The sun is also variable over a long term: its heat output goes up and down in cycles, the latest trend being downward. Scientists are-now finding mutual relations between models of solar-weather interactions

46、and the actual climate over many thousands of years, including the last Ice Age. The problem is that the models are predicting that the world should be entering a new Ice Age and it is not. One way of solving this theoretical difficulty is to assume a delay of thousands of years while the solar effe

47、cts overcome the inertia of the earth“s climate. If this is tight, the warming effect of carbon dioxide might thus be serving as a useful counter-balance to the sun“s diminishing heat.（分数：10.00）(1).It can be concluded that a concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere would _.（分数：2.00）A.prevent the sun“s rays from reaching the earth“s surfaceB.mean a warming up in the ArcticC.account for great changes in the climate in the northern hemisphereD.raise the temperature of the earth“s surface(2).The article was written to explain