上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(六)及答案解析.doc

1、上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(六)及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Note-taking and Gap-(总题数：0，分数：0.00)AAbout 1 years ago, Earth entered the latest interglacial period. The 2 pattern for an interglacial period is that there is the most carbon dioxide and methane gas which are greenhouse gases. And then the concentr

2、ation of greenhouse gases gradually goes down. Now, the climate continues to warm for a while because there is a 3 effect. But gradually as the concentration of greenhouse gases goes down, Earth starts to cool again, and eventually you 4 back into an Ice Age. In the latest interglacial period, this

3、pattern did not 5 now. What was different about this period than the other ones? One big 6 is human activity. the agricultural revolutionpeople began 7 crops and animals for food instead of 8 for them. Some climate 9 propose that perhaps humanity was having an effect on the climate since the agricul

4、tural revolution. When you grow crops and 10 animals, you cut down the 11 , you end up with much more carbon in the atmosphere. Methane forms in large concentration above 12 , which increases its amount in the atmosphere. So agriculture could have a 13 effect on the 14 of Earth“s atmosphere. The agr

5、icultural revolution was 15 by 16 an Ice Age. But 17 and the burning of 18 fuels have drastically 19 carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. So we enter into uncharted 20 now in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide. （分数：50.00）BPaul Krugman, the 1 Noble Prize Winner in 2 , delivered a speech with the them

6、e of “the Future of Sino-US 3 under the New Pattern“ in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said. I think it is very bad with excessive investment in real estate, because the bubble brought about by real 4 investment is the bubble that can result in no 5 . Krugman disfavored excessive debt, especially

7、 the excessive debt of government and family to 6 the house. He said. As early as 2005, I have written that American economy has made a society in which people make their living by selling houses and this is not a 7 development 8 . Developing countries are in great need of 9 for development. When Ch

8、ina got foreign direct investments, it produced products to gain foreign 10 which, however, were not 11 left to its own use. I find it difficult to understand why China invests so much money 12 , and now it seems these investments have low 13 . I think China should 14 domestic public investment and

9、15 domestic demand. Krugman also said. The recovery of China“s economy will bring a method or a development mode out of 16 to other countries, but China cannot 17 the recovery of 18 economy due to its 19 of world GDP being too 20 . （分数：50.00）上海市高级口译第一阶段笔试分类模拟笔记题(六)答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Note-ta

10、king and Gap-(总题数：0，分数：0.00)AAbout 1 years ago, Earth entered the latest interglacial period. The 2 pattern for an interglacial period is that there is the most carbon dioxide and methane gas which are greenhouse gases. And then the concentration of greenhouse gases gradually goes down. Now, the cli

11、mate continues to warm for a while because there is a 3 effect. But gradually as the concentration of greenhouse gases goes down, Earth starts to cool again, and eventually you 4 back into an Ice Age. In the latest interglacial period, this pattern did not 5 now. What was different about this period

12、 than the other ones? One big 6 is human activity. the agricultural revolutionpeople began 7 crops and animals for food instead of 8 for them. Some climate 9 propose that perhaps humanity was having an effect on the climate since the agricultural revolution. When you grow crops and 10 animals, you c

13、ut down the 11 , you end up with much more carbon in the atmosphere. Methane forms in large concentration above 12 , which increases its amount in the atmosphere. So agriculture could have a 13 effect on the 14 of Earth“s atmosphere. The agricultural revolution was 15 by 16 an Ice Age. But 17 and th

14、e burning of 18 fuels have drastically 19 carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. So we enter into uncharted 20 now in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide. （分数：50.00）解析：11,000 听力原文 I“d like to take you back about 11 thousand years ago when Earth entered the latest interglacial period. Interglacial perio

15、ds are, typically, periods of time between Ice Ages, when the climate warms, and the glacial ice retreats for a time, before things cool off again and another Ice Age begins. And for over the past several million years, Earth“s sort of default climate has actually been Ice Age, but we have experienc

16、ed periodic regular thaws, and the last one, the one we are in now, started about 11 thousand years ago. Now, the typical pattern for an interglacial period, and we have studied several, is that the concentration of carbon dioxide and methane gas actually reaches its peak, that is, there is the most

17、 carbon dioxide and methane gas, that is, being greenhouse gases in the atmosphere just after the beginning of the interglacial period. And then, for reasons which are not entirely clear, the concentration of greenhouse gases gradually goes down. Now, the climate continues to warm for a while becaus

18、e there is a lag effect. But gradually as the concentration of greenhouse gases goes down, Earth starts to cool again, and eventually you slip back into an Ice Age. Um, however, for the latest interglacial period, the one we are in now, this pattern did not hold, that is, the concentration of carbon

19、 dioxide and methane dipped a little bit after peaking at the beginning, near the beginning of the interglacial period, but then it began to rise again. Um.What was different about this interglacial period than the other ones? Well, one of the big differences is human activity. People began to raise

20、 crops and animals for food instead of hunting for them. This is the agricultural revolution. And it began to happen in the earliest stages about 11 thousand years ago. Now, scientists have tended to regard the agricultural revolution as a beneficiary of the fortuitous shift in climate. However, som

21、e new theorists of climate have proposed that perhaps humanity was having an effect on the climate as far back as the beginnings of the agricultural revolution. When you grow crops and pasture your animals, one of the things you do is you cut down the forests. If you cut down the forests, when you b

22、urn the trees for fuel and don“t replace them with other trees, or when you just leave them to rot and don“t allow other trees to grow, you end up with a lot more carbon in the form of carbon dioxide getting into the atmosphere. Another gas associated with the spread of agriculture is methane. Metha

23、ne forms in large concentration above wetlands, and as it turns out, the cultivation of certain grains creates vast areas of artificial wetlands, and probably drastically increases the amount of methane getting into the atmosphere, over and above what would be there. So, agriculture, the spread of a

24、griculture, you know we are talking over thousands of years, but-this could very well have a profound effect on the composition of Earth“s atmosphere. It“s kind of ironic to think that absent that effect, it may be that we would be heading into an Ice Age again. In fact, back in the 1970s, a lot of

25、theorists were predicting that, you know, the climate would start to cool and we“d slowly enter into the new Ice Age. And then they were puzzled as to why it didn“t seem to be happening. Um.now, what are the implications for the future? Well, it is a little tricky. I mean, you could say, well, here

26、is an example of human activity, the agricultural revolution, which actually was beneficial, we altered the climate for the better, perhaps, by preventing an Ice Age. But then industrialization, of course, has drastically increased the amount of carbon dioxide that humans are putting into the atmosp

27、here, the burning of fossil fuels tends to put a lot of CO2 into the atmosphere. So we are entering into uncharted territory now, in terms of the amount of carbon dioxide, the concentrations of carbon dioxide that are now being put into the atmosphere as a result of industrialization and the use of

28、fossil fuels.解析：typical解析：lag解析：slip解析：hold解析：difference解析：raising解析：hunting解析：theorists解析：pasture解析：forests解析：wetlands解析：profound解析：composition解析：beneficial解析：preventing解析：industrialization解析：fossil解析：increased解析：territoryBPaul Krugman, the 1 Noble Prize Winner in 2 , delivered a speech with the th

29、eme of “the Future of Sino-US 3 under the New Pattern“ in Shanghai Jiao Tong University. He said. I think it is very bad with excessive investment in real estate, because the bubble brought about by real 4 investment is the bubble that can result in no 5 . Krugman disfavored excessive debt, especial

30、ly the excessive debt of government and family to 6 the house. He said. As early as 2005, I have written that American economy has made a society in which people make their living by selling houses and this is not a 7 development 8 . Developing countries are in great need of 9 for development. When

31、China got foreign direct investments, it produced products to gain foreign 10 which, however, were not 11 left to its own use. I find it difficult to understand why China invests so much money 12 , and now it seems these investments have low 13 . I think China should 14 domestic public investment an

32、d 15 domestic demand. Krugman also said. The recovery of China“s economy will bring a method or a development mode out of 16 to other countries, but China cannot 17 the recovery of 18 economy due to its 19 of world GDP being too 20 . （分数：50.00）解析：2008 听力原文 A well-known economist said that real estat

33、e bubble is the evil bubble. It is hard to imagine that when a Noble Prize Winner in Economics was asked about the family and personal finance, he would drop head and smile a bit shylyyesterday afternoon, Paul Krugman, the 2008 Nobel Prize Winner in Economics, appeared in Shanghai Jiao Tong Universi

34、ty and in the 50-minute interview before the speech, the reporter got to know the uniqueness of this star professor. “I disapprove of excessive personal debt, especially the debt brought about by excessive investment in real estate.“ Professor Krugman delivered a speech with the theme of “the Future

35、 of Sino-US Economy under the New Pattern“ in Shanghai Jiao Tong University, and accepted the appointment from Shanghai Jiao Tong University to be honorary professor of Antai College of Economics and Management, Shanghai Jiao Tong University. Hence, he will carry out regular academic exchanges in Sh

36、anghai from now on. “Who is the bread-earner of the family?“ Facing this question, Paul Krugman was a little shy, and he lowered his head, smiled and answered after a long time: “We jointly earn the bread, for the reason that the majority of my income comes from the economic books I write and my wif

37、e takes part in my writing. And to my column, she always contributes many ideas.“ Nevertheless, when asked about how to invest, Professor Krugman is rather prudential. “I“ve bought quite a few bonds, all of which are underestimated bonds, and also the funds. Of course, such investments are risky.“ H

38、e said frankly. “I dislike having too much debt, and I don“t have much. I think both individuals and government should reduce their debt. Although now the government wants to relieve the crisis by issuing debt, it should be considered only as the special behavior in special circumstances.“ “I think

39、it is very bad with excessive investment in real estate, because the bubble brought about by real estate investment is the bubble that can result in no productivity. In the late 1990“s, we were also faced with the bursting of hi-tech bubbles, but the previous technology bubble at least provided us w

40、ith optical fiber and improved our life.“ In the eyes of Krugman, real estate bubble is very evil. Krugman disfavored excessive debt, especially the excessive debt of government and family to purchase the house. He said: “As early as 2005, I have written that American economy has made a society in w

41、hich people make their living by selling houses and this is not a sustainable development mode. But at the moment people all thought this mode was good. America borrowed money crazily and so did American families. After the 1980“s, financial innovation made believe that there would be no more crisis

42、, while American family debt was equal to its GDP. Now America“s saving rate begins to rise, and in my opinion, if it can reach the average level of American history8%, then it will be a better situation.“ Krugman thought now the business investment in America is quite stable, and he said: “Of cours

43、e if we could get more business investment, it may be helpful to solve the present problem.“ Krugman said: “Developing countries are in great need of capital for development. When China got foreign direct investments, it produced products to gain foreign exchanges which, however, were not mainly lef

44、t to its own use. I find it difficult to understand why China invests so much money overseas, and now it seems theses investments have low return. I think China should strengthen domestic public investment and fuel domestic demand.“ As to whether China will, as the outside world predicts, stimulate

45、the recovery of the global economy with its own economic recovery, Krugman answered without hesitation: “It“s impossible. The recovery of China“s economy will bring a method or a development mode out of predicament as soon as possible to other countries, but China cannot stimulate the recovery of gl

46、obal economy due to its share of world GDP being too small.“ As to new energy investment, Krugman said, although now America and Japan had increased their investment in new energy, “it“s only a very small part of the economic development and unable to stimulate the development of world economy.“解析：Economics解析：Economy解析：estate解析：productivity解析：purchase解析：sustainable解析：mode解析：capital解析：exchanges解析：mainly解析：overseas解析：return解析：strengthen解析：fuel解析：predicament解析：stimulate解析：global解析：share解析：small