完形填空分类练习十一及答案解析.doc

1、完形填空分类练习十一及答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. (1) clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can (2) b

2、ig rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have clone this and been caught (3) it have managed to get away without punishment.Its easy for computer crimes to go (4) if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk (5) not only unpunished

3、 but with a (6) recommendation from his (7) employers.Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But its (8) to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected (9) , not by systematic inspections or other security (10) . The computer criminals who have been caught may

4、be the victims of (11) bad luck.(12) other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, (13) suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes (14) punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too (15) , their dema

5、nds have been met.Why.? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They (16) at the thought of a criminal (17) in open court of how he juggled the most confidential (18) right under the noses of the compa

6、nys executives, accountants, and security (19) . And so another computer criminal (20) with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.（分数：20.00）A.EveryoneB.SomeoneC.AnyoneD.No oneA.acclaimB.reapC.reachD.reclaimA.atB.withC.ofD.byA.unfoundB.undetectedC.dischargedD.underestimat

7、edA.asideB.outC.onD.awayA.redundantB.glowingC.terribleD.formidableA.precedingB.priorC.formerD.proceedingA.annoyedB.deliberateC.persistentD.disturbingA.by accidentB.by incidentC.in coincidenceD.in caseA.proceduresB.processC.progressD.precedenceA.unluckilyB.uncommonlyC.recklesslyD.subjectivelyA.LikeB.

8、DespiteC.UnlikeD.ThoughA.commitB.doC.makeD.carryA.avoidB.violateC.escortD.escapeA.usualB.oftenC.muchD.rarelyA.contemplateB.manifestC.hesitateD.contriveA.elaboratingB.simulatingC.proposingD.boastingA.recordsB.figuresC.deficitsD.mattersA.stuffB.facilityC.staffD.facultyA.separatesB.dividesC.cutsD.depar

9、ts二、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Just 30 years ago some 700 million people lived in cities. Today the number (1) at 1,800 million, and by the end of the century it will be up to 3,000 millionmore than half the worlds (2) population. By the year 2000, it is said 650 million people will (3) into 60 cities

10、 of five million or morethree quarters of them in the (4) world. Only a single First World citymetropolitan Tokyo, which will have 24 million peopleis (5) to be among the global top five; London, (6) second in 1950 with ten million people, will not (7) make 2000s top 25. In places (8) rates of natur

11、al population increase (9) three percent annuallymeaning much of the Third Worldthat (10) is enough to double a citys population within 20 years. But (11) powerful are the streams of hopeful (12) from the countryside.What faces and confuses urban planners is the huge scale of these (13) . There have

12、 never been cities of 30 million people, (14) alone ones dependent on roads, sewer and water supplies (15) adequate for urban areas a tenth that size. And the flood of new arrivals in (16) Third World cities far overtakes the supply of jobs (17) as modem industries put a premium on technology (18) t

13、han manpower. So it will be virtually impossible to find permanent (19) for 30 to 40 percent of the 1,000 million new city inhabitants expected by the year 2000.Despite the terrible conditions that the city newcomers face, their numbers are growing at rates as much as twice that of the cities themse

14、lvesand every step taken to improve their (20) conditions in the slums only attracts more migrants.（分数：20.00）A.basesB.recordsC.lastsD.standsA.estimatedB.calculatedC.supposedD.includedA.groupB.mobC.rtmD.crowdA.developedB.developingC.richD.industrialA.supposedB.hopedC.expectedD.wishedA.classifiedB.ran

15、kedC.stayedD.arrangedA.stillB.yetC.everD.evenA.whereB.whichC.thatD.whenA.surpassB.prevailC.exceedD.beatA.solitaryB.aloneC.lonelyD.isolatedA.mainlyB.equallyC.partiallyD.mostlyA.migrantsB.workersC.farmersD.merchantmenA.movementsB.directionsC.changesD.trendsA.allowsB.letC.leavesD.permitsA.surelyB.almos

16、tC.barelyD.nearlyA.stretchingB.swellingC.shrinkingD.gainingA.particularlyB.commonlyC.obviouslyD.speciallyA.betterB.moreC.lessD.ratherA.serviceB.partnersC.placesD.employmentA.nutritionB.livingC.lifeD.environment三、Passage 3(总题数：1，分数：20.00)If by “suburb“ (1) an urban margin that grows more rapidly than

17、 its already developed interior, the process of suburbanization began during the emergence of the industrial city in the second quarter of the nineteenth century. Before that period the city was a small (2) compact cluster in which people moved (3) on foot and goods were conveyed by horse and cart.

18、But the early factories built in the 1840s were located along waterways and near railheads at the (4) of cities, and housing was needed for the thousands of people (5) by the prospect of employment. (6) , the factories were surrounded by proliferating mill towns of apartments and row houses that abu

19、tted the older, main cities. As a (7) against this encroachment and to (8) their tax bases, the cities appropriated their industrial neighbors. In 1854, for example, the city of Philadelphia annexed most of Philadelphia County. Similar (9) maneuvers took place in Chicago and in New York. Indeed, mos

20、t great cities of the United States (10) such status only by incorporating the (11) along their borders.With the (12) of industrial growth came acute urban crowding and accompanying social stressconditions that began to (13) disastrous proportions when, in 1888, the first commercially successful ele

21、ctric traction line was (14) . Within a few years the horse- drawn trolleys were retired and electric streetcar networks crisscrossed and (15) every major urban area, fostering a wave of suburbanization that (16) the compact industrial city into a (17) metropolis. This first (18) of mass-scale subur

22、banization was reinforced by the (19) emergence of the urban Middle Class, whose desires (20) homeownership in neighborhoods far from the aging inner city were satisfied by the developers of single-family housing tracts.（分数：20.00）A.is meantB.was meantC.is meaningD.was meaningA.veryB.increasinglyC.hi

23、ghlyD.quiteA.onB.aboutC.forwardD.awayA.edgesB.boundariesC.marginsD.linesA.pulledB.drawnC.distractedD.indulgedA.In timeB.On timeC.At timeD.For timeA.discriminationB.protestC.denounceD.defenseA.stretchB.enlargeC.lengthenD.enhanceA.metropolitanB.urbanC.suburbanD.municipalA.achievedB.acquiredC.arrivedD.

24、availedA.neighborhoodsB.placesC.locationsD.communitiesA.speedB.improvementsC.accelerationD.increaseA.facilitatedB.approachedC.rectifiedD.subscribedA.discoveredB.createdC.developedD.designedA.relatedB.connectedC.separatedD.dividedA.transformedB.shiftedC.switchedD.alteredA.crowdedB.dispersedC.widespre

25、adD.compactA.procedureB.stepC.phaseD.processA.similarB.sameC.simultaneousD.simulatedA.aboutB.forC.ofD.on四、Passage 4(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Recreational runner Carrie Johnston usually doesnt feel hungry after a (1) sweat. Exercise (2) Johnstons appetite, but she knows she needs to (3) lost calories following

26、 a workout. “When I come home from a good run, I force myself to eat supper,“ says Johnston, a dietitian at McMaster University in Hamilton. (4) , Johnston says many female athletes let good eating habits go and risk health (5) thinness. Johnston, who works in the bone-marrow transplant unit at McMa

27、ster, has a background in sports (6) . In 1997, while a student at the University of Guelph, she (7) Prof. Heather Keller on a study for her (8) on the eating habits of female athletes. The (9) person with eating disorders is driven by a desire to look svelte, says Johnston. But her study focused on

28、 athletes who eat less to lower weight and body fat (10) the belief it will improve (11) . The study involved (12) 22 elite female athletes between ages 15 and 25 over three months. “Years ago when we didnt know any better it was thought that (13) lighter meant running better,“ says Johnston, adding

29、 thats still the mentality of many competitive runners, as well as other (14) like gymnasts and swimmers. Johnstons study (15) consumed 400 to 700 fewer calories daily than recommended for their (16) training. Even when training more as they got closer to competing, they failed to (17) more food (18

30、) for energy. Initially, race (19) tend to improve when a runner loses some weight, but then they hit a (20) and plummet, says Johnston.（分数：20.00）A.goodB.wellC.fineD.suitableA.repressesB.suppressesC.depressesD.expressesA.make up toB.make up onC.make up forD.make up withA.ThereforeB.HoweverC.Moreover

31、D.FurthermoreA.in the act ofB.on the point ofC.at the expense ofD.for the sake ofA.nutritionB.nullityC.nuisanceD.nuanceA.worked outB.worker forC.worked withD.worked inA.thesisB.objectC.targetD.objectiveA.commonB.averageC.ordinaryD.popularA.based onB.basing onC.being based onD.having based onA.actB.a

32、ctionC.demonstrationD.performanceA.to trackB.to have trackedC.trackingD.being trackedA.beingB.beC.to beD./A.playersB.athletesC.runnersD.contestantsA.topicsB.projectsC.plansD.subjectsA.strenuousB.tediousC.lustyD.nervousA.take upB.take toC.take onD.take inA.driveB.fuelC.momentumD.motiveA.signalsB.sign

33、sC.scoresD.symbolsA.peakB.climaxC.summitD.top完形填空分类练习十一答案解析(总分：80.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、Passage 1(总题数：1，分数：20.00)More and more, the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. (1) clever enough to modify thi

34、s information for his own purposes can (2) big rewards. Even worse, a number of people who have clone this and been caught (3) it have managed to get away without punishment.Its easy for computer crimes to go (4) if no one checks up on what the computer is doing. But even if the crime is detected, t

35、he criminal may walk (5) not only unpunished but with a (6) recommendation from his (7) employers.Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But its (8) to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected (9) , not by systematic inspections or other security (10) . The

36、computer criminals who have been caught may be the victims of (11) bad luck.(12) other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, (13) suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes (14) punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perha

37、ps other benefits. All too (15) , their demands have been met.Why.? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They (16) at the thought of a criminal (17) in open court of how he juggled the most confiden

38、tial (18) right under the noses of the companys executives, accountants, and security (19) . And so another computer criminal (20) with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.（分数：20.00）A.EveryoneB.SomeoneC.Anyone D.No one解析：考点 考查代词词义辨析。该句意为“_足够聪明，可以按照自己的目的修改这些信息的人都可以获得巨额报

39、酬”。everyone意为“每个人”；someone 意为“有的人”；anyone 意为“任何人”；no one 意为“没有人”。由题意可知，这里需填入不定代词 anyone，故选 C。A.acclaimB.reap C.reachD.reclaim解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。acclaim 意为“称赞”；reap 意为“收割，收获”；reach 意为“到达”；reclaim 意为“收回”。此处要表达的意思是“获得巨额报酬”，故选 B，reap rewards 指“获得报酬”。A.at B.withC.ofD.by解析：考点 考查固定搭配。be caught at sth/doing sth

40、指“在做某事时被当场抓住”。该句意为“更糟糕的是，很多这样做甚至被当场抓住的人都能逃脱惩罚”。A.unfoundB.undetected C.dischargedD.underestimated解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析和逻辑衔接。unfound 意为“未被找到的”；undetected 意为“未被发现的，未被查出的”；discharged 意为“放电的”；underestimated 意为“低估的”。该句意为“如果没有人检查电脑在干些什么的话，电脑犯罪很容易_”。上段末出现了 get away without punishment，这里根据同义复现的原则，应该填入的是undetected

41、故选 B。A.asideB.outC.onD.away 解析：考点 考查动词短语词义辨析和逻辑衔接。walk out 意为“走出”；walk away 意为“走开，离去”；walk on 意为“继续走”；没有 walk aside这种用法。该句意为“即使罪行败露，犯罪分子也可以走_，不仅不受惩罚，甚至还能从他的_雇主那得到一封_的推荐信”。这里的 walk_unpunished 是前文中 get awaywithout punishment 的同义复现，故选 D。A.redundantB.glowing C.terribleD.formidable解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。redund

42、ant 意为“冗长的”；glowing 意为“炽热的；热情洋溢的”；tenrrible 意为“恐怖的，可怕的”；formidable 意为“强大的；令人敬畏的”。由 not onlybut also 可知，该空填入的内容应是unpunished 的递进，应为褒义词，故选 B。A.precedingB.priorC.former D.proceeding解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。preceding 意为“在前的，前述的”；prior 意为“优先的”；former 意为“前任的”；proceeding 为名词，意为“进程，进行”。此处要表达的是“前任雇主”，所以选 C。A.annoyedB.

43、deliberateC.persistentD.disturbing 解析：考点 考查形容词词义辨析。annoyed 意为“恼怒的”；deliberate 意为“故意的”；persistent 意为“顽固的；坚持的”；disturbing 意为“令人不安的”。该句意为“注意到_”。四个单词中，deliberate 不符合题意，annoyed 和 persistent 一般用于指人，只有 disturbing 符合题意，故选 D。A.by accident B.by incidentC.in coincidenceD.in case解析：考点 考查固定搭配。by accident 为固定用法，意

44、为“意外地”。A.procedures B.processC.progressD.precedence解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。procedure 意为“程序”；process 意为“过程”；progress 意为“进步”；precedence 意为“优先”。根据题意可推测这里指的是“安全程序”，故选 A。A.unluckilyB.uncommonly C.recklesslyD.subjectively解析：考点 考查副词词义辨析。unluckily 意为“不幸地”；uncommonly 意为“罕见地，极其”；recklessly 意为“不顾一切地”；subjectively 意为“主观

45、地”。上文提到很多犯罪都是意外发现的，因此这里应该是说“被抓住的电脑犯罪人员都是运气极差的受害者”，故选 B。A.LikeB.DespiteC.Unlike D.Though解析：考点 考查逻辑衔接。整篇文章都是在讲电脑犯罪人员即使犯罪也没有什么严重的后果，因此，这句话应该要说的是“不同于其他犯罪人员必须离开国家、自杀或者进监狱，电脑犯罪人员有时可以逃避惩罚，不但要求不能起诉他们，还要求给他们写好的推荐信或者给他们其他的好处”，故选 C。A.commit B.doC.makeD.carry解析：考点 考查固定搭配。“自杀”就是 commit suicide，为固定的动宾搭配，故选 A。A.av

46、oidB.violateC.escortD.escape 解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。avoid 意为“避免”；violate 意为“违反”；escort 意为“护送”；escape 意为“逃避”。这里实际上仍是对文章中心内容的重复，即“电脑犯罪人员可以逃避惩罚”，也是对前文 walk away unpunished 的同义复现，故选 D。A.usualB.often C.muchD.rarely解析：考点 考查固定搭配。al too often 意为“时常，经常是”，选 B。该句意为“他们的要求总能够得到满足”。A.contemplateB.manifestC.hesitate D.con

47、trive解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析和逻辑衔接。contemplate 意为“沉思”；manifest 意为“表明”；hesitate 意为“犹豫”；contrive 意为“设计”。这里是讲为什么公司的管理者不敢惩罚电脑犯罪人员。该句意为“他们一想到这些罪犯会在大庭广众之下到处吹嘘他们如何在公司的管理人员、会计、安全人员的眼皮底下骗走了最为机密的记录，就犹豫不决了”。根据句意，应选 C。A.elaboratingB.simulatingC.proposingD.boasting 解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析。elaborate 意为“详细描述”；simulate 意为“模拟”；propose

48、 意为“计划，建议”；boast 意为“自夸”。由句意可知，simulate 和 propose 用在这里不合适；elaborate 是不及物动词，要与 on 构成固定搭配 elaborate on，也可排除，故选 D。A.records B.figuresC.deficitsD.matters解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。record 意为“记录”；figure 意为“数字”；deficit 意为“赤字”；matte 意为“事情，物质”。由句意可知本题选 A。A.stuffB.facilityC.staff D.faculty解析：考点 考查名词词义辨析。stuff 意为“填充物”；faci

49、lity 意为“设备”；staff 意为“员工”；faculty 意为“全体教员”。这里指的是公司员工，所以用 staff。A.separatesB.dividesC.cutsD.departs 解析：考点 考查动词词义辨析和逻辑衔接。separate 意为“分开”；divide 意为“分割”；cut 意为“切割”；depart 意为“离开”。该句意为“然后又一个电脑犯罪分子拿着他需要的推荐信离开了，到另一个地方继续他的犯罪”，故选 D。二、Passage 2(总题数：1，分数：20.00)Just 30 years ago some 700 million people lived in cities. Today the number (1) at 1,800 million, and by the end of the century it will be up to 3,000 millionmore than half the worlds (2) population. By the year 2000, it is