雅思（写作）历年真题试卷汇编14及答案解析.doc

1、雅思（写作）历年真题试卷汇编 14 及答案解析(总分：10.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、WRITING TASK 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.WRITING TASK 2You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.（分数：2.00）_2.Human activities have negative effects on plants and animal species. Some people think it is too late to do something about the problem, while others

2、 believe that effective actions can be taken to improve this situation. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (2016-02-18)（分数：2.00）_3.Nowadays, a large amount of advertising aims at children and has negative effects. Should it be banned? (2016-02-20)（分数：2.00）_4.In many countries women are al

3、lowed to take maternity leave from their jobs during the first months after the birth of their baby. Do the advantages outweigh the disadvantages? (2016-02-27)（分数：2.00）_5.We can get knowledge from news, but some people think we should not trust the journalists. What do you think and what are the imp

4、ortant qualities that a journalist should have? (2016-03-05)（分数：2.00）_雅思（写作）历年真题试卷汇编 14 答案解析(总分：10.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、WRITING TASK 2(总题数：5，分数：10.00)1.WRITING TASK 2You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.（分数：2.00）_解析：2.Human activities have negative effects on plants and animal species. Some peo

5、ple think it is too late to do something about the problem, while others believe that effective actions can be taken to improve this situation. Discuss both views and give your own opinion. (2016-02-18)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： The expansion of the human population and the building of huge cities with c

6、hanges in agriculture in an attempt to feed them have put tremendous pressure on animals and plants. It is made worse by rich people, who think they have a right to kill animals for pleasure, and others, who make traditional activities such as fishing for a particular species or killing whales more

7、important than the need to conserve them. Without doubt, it is too late for the many species that are now extinct, and may be too late for others, but where there is life there is hope. What is needed is effective conservation programmes and better education. In Britain there are many examples of na

8、ture reserves being created, especially in old industrial areas. Habitats are created, shallow lagoons, meadows, woodland and hedgerows for example, and eventually many forms of wildlife colonise them. Insects are encouraged. They provide food for birds and small animals, which in turn provide food

9、for animals higher up the food chain. There are examples too of animals and birds being reintroduced into an area, such as red kites in Royal Berkshire, ospreys at Rutland Water, and wild boar in the Forest of Dean. It is relatively easy to do this when people are prepared to volunteer their time an

10、d to give money, often supported by charities, local councils and the government, and there has been considerable success. It is far more difficult in parts of the world where wild animals can pose a danger to people, where people do not have money and time to help, where places are remote and diffi

11、cult to monitor and government is in disarray. In these instances, sometimes concerned people from wealthier countries try to help, often with some success. Action certainly can be taken and it can be effective if the will to do something is there.)解析：3.Nowadays, a large amount of advertising aims a

12、t children and has negative effects. Should it be banned? (2016-02-20)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Children these days are important consumers. Families have more money to spend, and it is often a matter of pride to have children dressed in designer clothes, having the latest gadgets, the best sports equip

13、ment and whatever else takes their fancy. The advertising industry takes advantage of this, certainly before Christmas and New Year when all the most recent must have toys, games and gadgets become available in the shops. Children understand pester-power, complaining until they get what they want an

14、d trying to outdo their peers. If advertising is well regulated, decent, honest and truthful, it is up to parents to instil the ability to judge the merits of advertised goods. They need to discuss with their children the merits, or otherwise, of what is on offer and help them decide if they want to

15、 buy or not. Banning advertising altogether is quite drastic, as advertising does serve a useful purpose in informing people about what is available, cost and so on. What is needed is regulation to ensure what is said about a product is truthful and presented in a way that is suitable for its audien

16、ce. Frequency of advertising, for example on television, might need regulation so as not to bombard those who see it with the same advertisement time and time again. These difficulties would be solved if advertising for children was banned, but coping with advertising and peer pressure to have what

17、everyone else often supposedly has is an important life skill. Regulations which are properly enforced, then, is preferable to an outright ban.)解析：4.In many countries women are allowed to take maternity leave from their jobs during the first months after the birth of their baby. Do the advantages ou

18、tweigh the disadvantages? (2016-02-27)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Maternity leave from jobs has been introduced in many countries as a way of improving the health and wellbeing of mothers and babies. Childbirth can be dangerous, and in years past many women died in childbirth or suffered complications and

19、 died soon afterwards. Many babies also failed to survive. One way to improve the situation is to allow maternity leave; in some countries it is a statutory right. Towards the end of pregnancy, women often feel very tired and they may suffer high blood pressure, swollen ankles and so on, the result

20、of carrying extra weight. Clearly, many would find it difficult to work, and, in any case, ample rest is recommended. The birth itself can take a varied amount of time, during which normal work is not possible. Then comes the period after birth, when the woman has to recover not only from the birth

21、itself, but may have to cope with stitching, the aftermath of delivery by caesarean section and so on, which can take several weeks to overcome. Most doctors agree that breastfeeding is best for both mother and baby, and this is very difficult if the mother has to work outside the home. Taking mater

22、nity leave helps the mother to cope with all these demands, and it helps if it is a statutory right with pay available. However, such leave can be a nightmare for employers. It is impossible to know exactly when a baby will be born, unless the mother opts for an elective caesarean, which professiona

23、l women increasingly opt for so they can plan ahead. Not only is this expensive, but, as with any operation, there is risk. The mother then has to decide how long she wants or needs to take, and because she cannot know how long it will take to recover, she cannot say in advance. The employer then ha

24、s to find a replacement for an unknown amount of time. Some overcome this by encouraging a year of leave, giving the replacement a worthwhile stretch of work. For the employer, there is the inconvenience of losing an employee and having a temporary replacement. For the mother, there is the difficult

25、y that work goes on without her, and getting back into it might prove difficult. Some employers are reluctant to employ, and sometimes promote, young women because of this, and some women lose out because they take time off. In some countries, fathers are allowed to share the maternity or parental l

26、eave, but few have chosen to do this, probably because of the disadvantages. On the whole, with goodwill on both sides, maternity leave, especially statutory paid maternity leave, has made a huge difference to the health and wellbeing of mothers, which outweighs the disadvantages.)解析：5.We can get kn

27、owledge from news, but some people think we should not trust the journalists. What do you think and what are the important qualities that a journalist should have? (2016-03-05)（分数：2.00）_正确答案：(正确答案： Journalists have a very demanding job, travelling to the worlds trouble spots. Visiting all sorts of e

28、vents, using all sorts of sophisticated equipment to tell us what is happening in the world, and what is happening closer to home. All this is very subjective. Journalists select what they collect, and their editors select what will be published. In some countries the press and news media are strict

29、ly controlled by the government, who make sure that people are told what they want them to hear. Journalists risk persecution and even death if they do not do as they are told. In other countries, such as Britain, there is a free press, and, although not perfect, it is respected throughout the world

30、 People tune in to the BBC World service, or if they live in countries, such as the Netherlands nearby, they can listen to the programmes live. In such countries journalists have more choice. Libel laws mean that they cannot print something personal that is untrue. Privacy laws mean that someones p

31、rivacy must be respected and journalists can be prosecuted for breaches. A journalist, then, must be honest and trustworthy to report what they have seen and heard accurately. They must be respectful, especially as regards privacy. If they interview people, it helps if they have done their homework

32、and research the topic to be discussed. Good interpersonal skills, the ability to put people at their ease and to get them to talk is important. Depending on the type of work they are undertaking, they may need a high standard in the language they write in. At one time, in England, it was usual for

33、newsreaders and journalists to use “the Queens English“ , “received pronunciation“ or the accent of London and the south. Today, a well-educated personal with a regional accent especially a Welsh oneis equally regarded. If a countrys government controls the press, journalists are expected to report

34、according to the ideas of that government, so what they say will usually reflect that. The public may well feel that they are not trustworthy, especially if they have the means to show that what is said is not really what happened. With a free press, there is less likelihood of journalists not telling the truth as there is no need to lie. Listeners appreciate that the reporter tells what they see and will often say so.)解析：