职称英语卫生类A、B、C级综合试卷-1及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语卫生类 A、B、C 级综合试卷-1 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The number of the United States citizens who are eligible to vote continues to increase.（分数：1.00）A.encouragedB.enforcedC.expectedD.entitled2.The chairman proposed that we should stop the meeting.（分数：1.00）A.statedB.de

2、claredC.suggestedD.announced3.I feel regret about whats happened.（分数：1.00）A.sorryB.disappointedC.shamefulD.disheartened4.John removed his overcoat.（分数：1.00）A.took awayB.left asideC.took offD.washed off5.Formulated in 1823, the Monroe Doctrine asserted that the Americas were no longer open to Europea

3、n colonization.（分数：1.00）A.stated firmlyB.argued light-mindedlyC.thought seriouslyD.announced regrettably6.He was one of the principal organizers of the association.（分数：1.00）A.plannersB.employeesC.actorsD.recipients7.The stories of Sarah Orne Jewett are considered by many to be more authentically reg

4、ional than those of Bret Harte.（分数：1.00）A.elegantlyB.genuinelyC.intentionallyD.thoroughly8.The train came to an abrupt stop, making us wonder where we were.（分数：1.00）A.slowB.noisyC.suddenD.jumpy9.The little boy was so fascinated by the mighty river that he would spend hours sitting on its bank and ga

5、zing at the passing boats and rafts.（分数：1.00）A.very strongB.very longC.very greatD.very fast10.She has proved that she can be relied on in a crisis.（分数：1.00）A.lived onB.depended onC.lived offD.believed in11.During the Second World War, all important resources in the U.S. were allocated by the federa

6、l government.（分数：1.00）A.nationalizedB.commandeeredC.taxedD.distributed12.Smoking is not permitted in the office.（分数：1.00）A.probableB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed13.This kind of animals are on the verge of extinction, because so many are being killed for their fur.（分数：1.00）A.drying upB.dying outC.bein

7、g exportedD.being transplanted14.It is postulated that population trends have an effect on economic fluctuations.（分数：1.00）A.challengedB.assumedC.deductedD.decreed15.Philip Roth was hailed as a major new author in 1960.（分数：1.00）A.publishedB.challengedC.acclaimedD.guided二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)

8、阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断。B Stomach Ulcer/BStomach ulcers are the cause of severe pain for many people. Doctors have been able to help lessen the pain of ulcers. They could not cure them. Now doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers. This means they may have found a way to cure people

9、who suffer from the stomach pain. Studies show that ten percent of the population will develop an ulcer at some time in their life. So a possible cure is good news for many people.Ulcers are wounds in the stomach that are similar to small cuts or tears. These wounds can harm the tissue in the stomac

10、h, the pipe that carries the food to the stomach or parts of the small intestines. Fluids in the stomach then increase the pain of an ulcer. How does a person know he or she has an ulcer? Doctors say most people with ulcers feel a burning pain in their chest or stomach3. This pain often is called he

11、artburn. It usually happens before eating or during the night. It causes some people to lose their desire to eat, or they are unable to keep food in their stomachs. Doctors believed that ulcers were caused by unusually strong stomach fluids, which damaged stomach tissue. Now they have discovered tha

12、t most ulcers are caused by a bacterial organism called Hillico Bactor Pilorie or H Pilorie. H Pilorie bacteria are what make stomach produce extra stomach fluid. Doctors found that they can kill the bacteria with medicines called antibiotics. Health experts say the discovery of a cure for ulcers ca

13、n save thousands of millions of dollars in medical costs. They also believe curing ulcers will reduce the number of people who develop, stomach cancer. The number of people with stomach cancer is very high in Japan, Southeast Asia and pans of Africa.Doctors say a person is more likely to get an ulce

14、r if someone in his or her family has had one. In fact a person with the family history of ulcers is three times more likely to get one than other people. There are ways people can protect themselves from developing an ulcer. Doctors say it is more important to reduce the amount of strong fluids in

15、the stomach. To do this, doctors say, people should not smoke cigarettes or drink alcohol. And they say people should reduce tension in their lives.（分数：7.00）(1).In the past, doctors couldnt do anything about stomach ulcers.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).Now doctors can successf

16、ully cure stomach ulcers.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).Some people are likely to suffer from the stomach pain at some time in their life.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).Doctors have discovered a cause of ulcers after many years of experiments.（分数：1.00）A.A.

17、 Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(5).There has been a change in doctors understanding of the cause of stomach ulcers.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).Stomach ulcers can lead to stomach cancer.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).People who eat a lot of spicy fo

18、od are also susceptible to stomach ulcers.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)第 2326 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择 1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 2730 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确选项，分别完成每个句子。B Lung Cancer/B1 The death rate due to cancer of the lungs has

19、increased more than 800 percent in males and has more than doubled in females during the last 25 years. It is considerably higher in urban and industrial areas than in rural districts. There are many possible causes, but it is still controversial which are most blameworthy. Those factors which have

20、been mentioned most frequently are the presence of foreign particles and other irritants in the air (smoke particles, smog, exhaust fumes), and the smoking of cigarettes and cigars.2 Numerous studies have demonstrated a striking correlation between the death rate from lung cancer and smoking habits.

21、 Among heavy smokers - 21 to 30 cigarettes per day - the mortality rate from lung cancer is nearly 17 times the rate from nonsmokers. It is expected the death rate among women will increase as the present high rate of smoking among women has its effect.3 Sometimes cases of lung cancer are discovered

22、 at the time an x-ray is taken for the purpose of detecting tuberculosis. Too often, however, a current emphasis upon the danger of exposure to radiation from X-ray machines can frighten people away from routine chest X-rays and thus prevent an early diagnosis of lung cancer. Early detection is abso

23、lutely essential if any possibility of cure is to be maintained. Modern X-ray machines in competent hands pose such slight danger, at least to those over 40 years of age, that this would be much more than offset by the advantages of discovering a tumor while it is small enough to be completely remov

24、ed.4 A common form of lung cancer is bronchogenic carcinoma4, so-called because the malignancy originates in a bronchus. The tumor may grow until the bronchus is blocked, cutting off the supply of air to that lung. The lung then collapses, and the secretions trapped in the lung spaces become infecte

25、d, with a resulting pneumonia or the formation of a lung abscess. Such a lung cancer can also spread to cause secondary growths in the lymph nodes of the chest and neck as well as in the brain and other parts of the body. The only treatment that offers a possibility of cure, before secondary growths

26、 have had time to form, is to remove the lung completely. This operation is called pneumonectomy.5 Malignant tumors of the stomach, the breast, the prostate gland and other organs may spread to the lungs, causing secondary growths.（分数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 1 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 2 _（分数：1.00）填

27、空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 3 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 4 _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Routine X-ray chest examination is not so dangerous _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).A primary lung cancer patient may be cured by removing the lung completely _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(7).People are still not sure _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).The more

28、 cigarettes one smokes, _（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 个最佳答案。B第一篇/BB Egypt Felled by Famine/BEven ancient Egypts mighty pyramid builders were powerless in the face of the famine that helped bring down their civilis

29、ation around 2180 BC. Now evidence gleaned from mud deposited by the River Nile suggests that a shift in climate thousands of kilometres to the south was ultimately to blame - and the same or worse could happen today.The ancient Egyptians depended on the Niles annual floods to irrigate their crops.

30、But any change in climate that pushed the African monsoons southwards out of Ethiopia would have diminished these floods.Dwindling rains in the Ethiopian highlands would have meant fewer plants to stablise the soil. When rain did fall it would have washed large amounts of soil into the Blue Nile and

31、 into Egypt, along with sediment from the White Nile4.The Blue Nile mud has a different isotope signature from that of the White Nile. So by analysing isotope differences in mud deposited in the Nile Delta, Michael Krom of Leeds University worked out what proportion of sediment came from each branch

32、 of the river.Krom reasons that during periods of drought, the amount of the Blue Nile mud in the river would be relatively high. He found that one of these periods, from 4,500 to 4,200 years ago, immediately predates the fall of the Egypts Old Kingdom.The weakened waters would have been catastrophi

33、c for the Egyptians. “Changes that affect food supply dont have to be very large to have a ripple effect in societies,“ says Bill Ryan of the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory in New York.Similar events today could be even more devastating, says team member Daniel Stanley, a geoarchaeologist from the

34、 Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C. “Anything humans do to shift the climate belts would have an even worse effect along the Nile system today because the populations have increased dramatically.“（分数：15.00）(1).Why does the author mention “pyramid builders“?（分数：3.00）A.Because they once worke

35、d miracles.B.Because they were well-built.C.Because they were actually very weak.D.Because even they were unable to rescue their civilisation.(2).Which of the following factors was ultimately responsible for the fall of the civilisation of ancient Egypt?（分数：3.00）A.Change of climate.B.Famine.C.Flood.

36、D.Population growth.(3).Which of the following statements is true?（分数：3.00）A.The White Nile is the trunk of the River Nile.B.The White Nile is the trunk of the Blue Nile.C.The White Nile is a branch of the Blue Nile.D.The White Nile and the Blue Nile are branches of the River Nile.(4).According to K

37、rom, Egypts Old Kingdom fell（分数：3.00）A.immediately after a-period of drought.B.immediately after a period of flood.C.just before a drought struck.D.just before a flood struck.(5).The word “devastating“ in the last paragraph could be best replaced by（分数：3.00）A.“frustrating“.B.“damaging“.C.“defeating“

38、D.“worrying“.B第二篇/BB After-birth Depression Blamed for Womans Suicide/BA new mother apparently suffering from postpartum mental illness fell to her death from a narrow 12th-floor ledge of a Chicago hotel, eluding the lunging grasp of firemen called to help.The Chicago Tribune reported Tuesday that

39、the mother of a 3-month-old daughter, Melanie Stokes, 41, was said to be suffering from3 a severe form of after-birth depression called postpartum psychosis, an extremely rare biological response to rapidly changing hormonal levels that can result in4 hallucinations, delusions, severe insomnia and a

40、 drastic departure from reality.“That was a monster in my daughters brain,“ said Stokes mother, Carol Blocker. “The medicine took no effect at all, while her grief was so strong that nothing could make up for it. Im just glad she didnt take her daughter with her.“Virtually all new mothers get postpa

41、rtum blues, also called the “baby blues“, which are brief episodes of irritability, moodiness and weepiness. About 20 per cent of birthing women experience postpartum depression, which can be triggered by hormonal changes, sleeplessness and the pressures of being a new mother. It is often temporary

42、and highly treatable.But The Tribune said what scientists suspect Stokes was battling, postpartum psychosis, is even more extreme and is considered a psychiatric emergency. During postpartum psychosis - a very real disorder that affects less than 1 percent of women, according to the National Institu

43、te of Mental Health- a mother .might hear voices, have visions, feel extremely agitated and be at risk of harming the child or herself.Often the consequences are tragic. In 1987, Sheryl Masip of California told a judge that postpartum psychosis made her drive a Volvo over her 6-week-old son. Latrena

44、 Pixley of Washington, D. C. o, said the disorder was why she smothered her 6-week-old daughter in 1992. And last year, Judy Kirby, a 31-year-old Indianapolis mother allegedly suffering from postpartum psychosis, sped into oncoming traffic and plowed into a minivan, killing seven youngsters, includi

45、ng three of her own.（分数：15.00）(1).Which of the following is NOT a symptom of postpartum psychosis?（分数：3.00）A.Visions.B.Delusions.C.Inflamed breast.D.Serious sleeplessness.(2).It was considered fortunate by Stokes mother in the miserable event（分数：3.00）A.that Stokes had died in a Chicago hotel.B.that

46、firemen had been called to help Stokes.C.that Stokes had been taking the prescribed medicines.D.that Stokes had not taken her daughter with her.(3).A patient suffering from “baby blues“ may present briefly one or more of the following symptoms EXCEPT（分数：3.00）A.having an intention of suicide.B.readil

47、y becoming impatient or angry.C.easily changing her moods.D.tending to experience weeping and sadness.(4).How many bearing women have experiences of after-birth depression?（分数：3.00）A.Virtually all of them.B.About one fifth of them.C.Less than one percent of them.D.Not mentioned exactly in the passag

48、e.(5).Who induced the most serious consequence among the postpartum depression patients mentioned in the passage?（分数：3.00）A.Melanie Stokes of Chicago.B.Sheryl Masip of California.C.Latrena Pixley of Washington, .D.Judy Kirby of Indianapolis.B第三篇/BB Controlling the Growing TB Crisis in China/BChina n

49、eeds to take urgent action to address a “vicious cycle“ of poverty and tuberculosis (TB) affecting a considerable number of Chinese people, especially in underdeveloped areas, the World Health Organization said on Monday.The Chinese government needs to take “immediate necessary action“ to control the sp