职称英语卫生类A级-10及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语卫生类 A 级-10 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、B第 1 部分：词汇选项/B(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The room was Ufurnished/U with the simplest essentials, a bed, a chair, and a table.（分数：1.00）A.suppliedB.gatheredC.graspedD.made2.He is assigned to oversee the production of the assembly lines.（分数：1.00）A.superviseB.watchC.s

2、uspectD.predict3.The curious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy.（分数：1.00）A.difficultB.wordedC.anxiousD.unhappy4.She wore a gorgeous Victorian gown which was said to be worth thousands of dollars.（分数：1.00）A.beautyB.splendidC.expensiveD.simple5.He has a very outgoing personality a

3、nd makes friends very easily.（分数：1.00）A.capacityB.characterC.realityD.attitude6.When does the next train depart?（分数：1.00）A.pull upB.pull downC.pull outD.pull in7.He emphasized a feasible plan which can be accepted by the both sides.（分数：1.00）A.favorableB.possibleC.formalD.genuine8.His novel depicts a

4、n ambitious American.（分数：1.00）A.writesB.sketchesC.describesD.indicates9.He has a passionate interest in music.（分数：1.00）A.enthusiasticB.perfectC.practicalD.funny10.The conference explored the possibility of closer trade links.（分数：1.00）A.rejectedB.investigatedC.proposedD.postponed11.The local governme

5、nt decided to merge the two firms into a big one.（分数：1.00）A.motivateB.combineC.compactD.nominate12.The town is notable for its beautiful scenery in winter.（分数：1.00）A.similarB.promptC.profoundD.famous13.Soldiers have to obey orders.（分数：1.00）A.reply toB.apply forC.abide withD.comply with14.He decided

6、to overcome his shortcomings.（分数：1.00）A.convertB.convictC.conquerD.convey15.We derive knowledge mainly from books.（分数：1.00）A.depriveB.obtainC.descendD.trace二、B第 2 部分：阅读判断/B(总题数：1，分数：7.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后列出了 7 个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断。如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择 A 项；如果该句提供的错误信息，请选择 B 项：如果该句的信息文章中没有提及，请选择 C 项。BSpare a

7、Kidney?/BIt is no longer unusual for a spouse or relative to donate a kidney to a loved one, but the number of Americans who have given a kidney to a friend, a co-worker or even a complete stranger has risen sharply from 68 in 1994 to 176 in 1998.There are many reasons. First, its possible to live a

8、 normal life with only one kidney. (The remaining kidney enlarges to make up most of the difference.) In addition a kidney from a live donor lasts longer than a kidney taken from someone who has died suddenly. But the biggest change in the past few years is that transplant surgeons have started usin

9、g laparoscopic techniques to remove the donor kidney through a much smaller incision, and this can cut recovery time for the donor from six weeks to four weeks.Just because you do something, however, it doesnt mean you should. Donating a kidney means undergoing an operation that carries some risk. Y

10、ou could argue that you may be helping to save a life, but you certainly cant pretend that youre better off with one kidney instead of two.So, what are the risks? “As with any major operation, there is a chance of dying, of reoperation due to bleeding, of infection, of vein clots in the legs or a he

11、rnia at the incision,“ says Dr. Arthur Matas, director of the renal-transplant program at the university of Minnesota Medical Center in Minneapolis. Even laparoscopy, a relatively new technique for kidney donation, is not risk-free. Doctors estimate that chances of dying from the procedure are about

12、 3 in 10,000.Theres no money to be made; selling an organ is illegal. But the recipients insurance normally covers your operation and immediate aftercare. Your costs can include hotel bills, lost pay during recovery or possible future disability.Although transplant centers must evaluate any potentia

13、l donors suitability, it never hurts to have an independent opinion. The most common contraindications are heart disease, diabetes and high blood pressure.Never let anyone, not even a close relative, pressure you into giving up an organ-no matter if youre healthy. “Theres often the feeling that your

14、e not a good friend, father, mother if you dont do this,“ says Arthus Caplan, director of the University of Pennsylvanias center for Bioethics. Some transplant centers will invent a “medical problem“ on behalf of those who are reluctant to donate but feel they cant say no.（分数：7.00）(1).From 1994 to 1

15、998 the number of Americans who had donated a kidney reached 244.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(2).One of the reasons why the number of kidney donors has risen is that one is better off with one kidney instead of two.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(3).You dont ha

16、ve to be dead to donate a kidney, but you had better know the risks before you give it up.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(4).None of the Americans who donates a kidney during the period lasting from 1994 to 1998 died from the procedure.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentio

17、ned(5).No one sells organs in the US since it is illegal.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(6).People with heart disease, diabetes and high pressure are not suitable for kidney donation.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned(7).Some transplant centers invent “medical proble

18、ms“ to cheat potential kidney donors.（分数：1.00）A.A. Right B.B. Wrong C.C. Not mentioned三、B第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)阅读下面这篇短文，短文后有 2 项测试任务：(1)14 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中为第 25 段每段选择1 个正确的小标题；(2)第 58 题要求从所给的 6 个选项中选择 4 个正确的选项，分别完成每个句子。BMuseums in the Modern World/BMuseums have changed. They are no longer pla

19、ces for the privileged few or for bored vacationers to visit on rainy days. Action and democracy are words used in descriptions of museums now.At a science museum in Ontario, Canada, you can feel your hair stand on end as harmless electricity passes through your body. At the Metropolitan Museum of A

20、rt in New York City, you can look at 17th century instruments while listening to their music. At the Modem Museum in Sweden, you can put on costumes provided by the Stockholm Opera. As these examples show, museums are reaching out to new audiences, particularly the young, the poor, and the less educ

21、ated members of the population. As a result, attendance is increasing.More and more, museums directors are realizing that people learn best when they can somehow become part of what they are seeing. In many science museums, for example, there are no guided tours. The visitor is encouraged to touch,

22、listen, operate, and experiment so as to discover scientific principles for himself. He can have the experience of operating a spaceship or a computer. He can experiment with glass blowing and papermaking. The purpose is not only to provide fun but also to help people feel at home in the world of sc

23、ience. The theory is that people who do not understand science will probably fear it, and those who fear science will not use it to the best advantage. Many museums now provide educational services and childrens departments. In addition to the usual displays, they also offer film showings and dance

24、programs. Instead of being places that one should visit, they are places to enjoy.One cause of all these changes is the increase in wealth and leisure time. Another cause is the rising percentage of young population. Many of these young people are college students or college graduates, they are bett

25、er educated than their parents. They see things in a new and different way. They are not content to stand and look at works of art; they want art they can participate in. The same is true of science and history. In the US, certain groups who formerly were too poor to care about anything beyond the b

26、asic needs of daily life are now becoming curious about the world around them. The young people in these groups, like young people in general, have benefited from a better education than their parents received. All these groups, and the rest of the population as well, have been influenced by televis

27、ion, which has taught them about places and other times.The effect of all this has been to change existing museums and to encourage the building of new ones. In the US and Canada alone, there are now more than 6,000 museums, almost twice as many as there were 25 years ago. About half of them are dev

28、oted to history, and the rest are evenly divided between the arts and sciences. The number of visitors, according to the American Association of museums, has risen to more than 700 million a year.In fact, the crowds of visitors at some museums are creating a major problem, admission to museums has a

29、lways been either free or very inexpensive, but now some museums are charging entrance fees for the first time or raising their prices. Even when raised, however, entrance fees are generally too low to support a museum, with its usually large building and its highly trained staff.（分数：8.00）(1).paragr

30、aph 2 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).paragraph 3 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).paragraph 4 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).paragraph 5 _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(5).Now museums are no longer restricted to the privileged few, but _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(6).With the development of society, people, especially the young people, _.（分数：1.00）填空项

31、 1:_(7).To meet the needs of society, more museums _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(8).Two major problems for museums are that they have too many visitors and they _.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、B第 4 部分：阅读理解/B(总题数：3，分数：45.00)下面有 3 篇短文，每篇短文后有 5 道题，每道题后面有 4 个选项。请仔细阅读短文并根据短文内容回答其后面的问题，从 4 个选项中选择 1 最佳答案。B第一篇/BB The Gene Industr

32、y/BMajor companies and already in pursuit of commercial applications of the new biology. They dream of placing enzymes in the automobile to monitor exhaust and send data on pollution to a microprocessor that will then adjust the engine. They speak of what the New York Times calls “metal-hungry micro

33、bes that might be used to mine valuable trace metals from ocean water“. They have already demanded and won the right to patent new life forms.Nervous critics, including many scientists, worry that there is corporate, national, international, and inter-scientific rivalry in the entire biotechnologica

34、l field. They create images not of oil spills, but of “microbe spills“ that could spread disease and destroy entire populations. The creation and accidental release of extremely poisonous microbes, however, is only one cause for alarm. Completely rational and respectable scientists are talking about

35、 possibilities that stagger the imagination.Should we breed people with cow-like stomachs so they can digest grass and hay, thereby relieving the food problem by modifying us to eat lower down on the food chain? Should we biologically alter workers to fit the job requirement, for example, creating p

36、ilots with faster reaction times or assembly-line workers designed to do our monotonous work for us? Should we attempt to eliminate “inferior“ people and breed a“ super-race“? (Hitler tried this, but without the genetic weaponry that may soon issue from our laboratories.) Should we produce soldiers

37、to do our fighting? Should we use genetic forecasting to pre-eliminate “unfit“ babies? Should we grow reserve organs for ourselves, each of us having, as it were, a “savings bank“ full of spare kidney, livers or hands?Wild as these notions may sound, every one has its advocates (and opposers) in the

38、 scientific community as well as its striking commercial application. As two critics of genetic engineering, Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howard, state in their book Who Should Play God? “Broad Scale genetic engineering will probably be introduced to America much the same way as assembly lines, automobiles

39、, vaccines, computers and all the other technologies. As each new genetic advance becomes commercially practical, a new consumer need will be exploited and a market for the new technology will be created.“（分数：15.00）(1).According to the passage, the exhaust from a car engine could probably be checked

40、 by_.（分数：3.00）A.using metal-hungry microbesB.making use of enzymesC.adjusting the engineD.patenting new life forms(2).According to the passage, which of the following would worry the critics the most?（分数：3.00）A.The unanticipated explosion of population.B.The creation of biological solar cells.C.The

41、accidental spill of oil.D.The unexpected release of destructive microbes.(3).Which of the following notions is NOT mentioned?（分数：3.00）A.Developing a “savings bank“ of ones organs.B.Breeding soldiers for a war.C.Producing people with cow-like stomachs.D.Using genetic forecasting to Cure diseases.(4).

42、According to the passage, Hitler attempted to_.（分数：3.00）A.changed the pilots biologically to win the warB.develop genetic farming for food supplyC.kill the people he thought of as inferiorD.encourage the development of genetic weapons for the war(5).What does Jeremy Rifkin and Ted Howards statement

43、imply?（分数：3.00）A.The commercial applications of genetic engineering are inevitable.B.American will depend on other countries for biological progress.C.Americans are proud of their countries for biological progress.D.The potential application of each new genetic advance should be controlled.B第二篇/BBCr

44、ystal Ear/BOne day a friend asked my wife Jill if I wanted a heating aid. “He certainly does. “replied Jill. After heating about a remarkable new product. Jill finally got up the nerve to ask me if Id ever thought about getting a heating aid. “No way,“ I said. “It would make me look 20 years older.“

45、 “No, no,“ she replied. “This is entirely different. Its Crystal Ear!“Jill was right. Crystal Ear is different-not the old-styled body worn or over-the-ear aid, but all advanced personal sound system so small that its like contacts(隐形眼镜) for your ears. And Crystal Ear is super-sensitive and powerful

46、, too. You will hear sounds your ears have been missing for years. Crystal Ear will make speech louder, and the sound is pure and natural.I couldnt believe how tiny it is. It is smaller than the tip of my little finger and its almost invisible when worn. There are no wires, no behind-the-ear device.

47、 Put it in your ear and its ready-to-wear mold(形状) fits comfortably. Since its not too loud or too tight, you may even forget that youre wearing it! Use it at work or at play. And if your hearing problem is worse in certain situations, use Crystal Ear only when you need it.Heating loss, which occurs

48、 typically prior to teenage years, progresses throughout ones lifetime. Although hearing loss is now the worlds number one health problem, nearly 90 percent of people suffering heating loss choose to leave the problem untreated. For many millions, treating hearing loss in a conventional way can involve numerous office visits, expensive testing and adjustments to fit your ear. Thanks to Crystal Ear, the “sound solution“ is now convenient. Almost 90 percent of people with mild hearing loss, and millions more with just a little hearing drop-off (下降), can be dramatically helped with Crystal Ear.