职称英语卫生类A级模拟69及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语卫生类 A 级模拟 69 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1 部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The use of the chemical may present a certain hazard to the laboratory workers.（分数：1.00）A.protectionB.indicationC.immunityD.danger2.They agreed to settle the dispute by peaceful means.（分数：1.00）A.solveB.determineC.untieD.comp

2、lete3.The children trembled with fear when they saw the policeman.（分数：1.00）A.weptB.criedC.ranD.shook4.We have got to abide by the rules.（分数：1.00）A.stick toB.persist inC.safeguardD.apply5.The river widens considerably as it begins to turn east.（分数：1.00）A.extendsB.stretchesC.broadensD.traverses6.The c

3、urious look from the strangers around her made her feel uneasy .（分数：1.00）A.difficultB.worriedC.anxiousD.unhappy7.Reading the job ad, he wondered whether he was eligible to apply for it.（分数：1.00）A.competitiveB.diligentC.qualifiedD.competent8.These are our motives for doing it.（分数：1.00）A.reasonsB.argu

4、mentsC.targetsD.stimuli9.Smoking is not permitted in the office.（分数：1.00）A.probablyB.possibleC.admittedD.allowed10.I feel regret about what“s happened.（分数：1.00）A.sorryB.disappointedC.shamedD.disheartened11.They always mock me because I am ugly.（分数：1.00）A.smile atB.look down onC.belittleD.laugh at12.

5、Guests were scared when the bomb exploded.（分数：1.00）A.frightenedB.killedC.endangeredD.rescued13.They are endeavoring to change society as a whole.（分数：1.00）A.tryingB.workingC.doingD.making14.The story was touching .（分数：1.00）A.inspiringB.boringC.movingD.frightening15.Although originally a German innova

6、tion, kindergarten got its real start in the United States as a movement to provide an improved learning environment for children.（分数：1.00）A.an easyB.a playfulC.an openD.a better二、第 2 部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)Earth Rocks OnMost of the time, the ground feels solid beneath our feet. That“s comforting. Bu

7、t it“s also misleading because there“s actually a lot going on underground. Masses of land (called plates) slip, slide, and bump against each other, slowly changing the shape of continents and oceans over millions and billions of years. Scientists know that Earth formed about 4.5 billion years ago.

8、They also know that our planet was hot at first. As it cooled, its outermost layer, called the crust (地壳), eventually formed moving plates. Exactly when this shift happened, however, is an open question. Now, an international group of researchers has an answer. They“ve found new evidence suggesting

9、that Earth“s crust started shifting at least 3.8 billion years ago. The new estimate is 1.3 billion years earlier than previous ones. Not long before 3.8 billion years ago, lots of asteroids (小行星) were hitting Earth, keeping its crust in a hot, melted state. After the hard crust formed, much of it s

10、ank at various times into the planet“s hot insides. There, it melted before returning to the surface. In some places, however, the crust never sank. One of the oldest such places is in Greenland, in an area called the Isua supracrustal (上地壳) belt. The rocky crust there is between 3.7 and 3.8 billion

11、 years old. The belt was once part of the seafloor, but now it is exposed to air. The researchers recently took a close look at the Isua supracrustal belt. They noticed long, parallel cracks in the rock that have been filled in with a type of volcanic rock. To explain this structure, the scientists

12、propose that tension in the crust caused the seafloor to crack open long ago. Hot, liquid rock, called magma (岩浆), flowed up slowly from deep inside Earth to fill the cracks. Finally, the whole area cooled, forming what we see today. That explanation, plus chemical clues inside the rock, suggests th

13、at the Isua supracrustal belt was once part of a plate under the ocean, beginning around 3.8 billion years ago.（分数：7.00）(1).The ground beneath our feet is still.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).The shape of lands and oceans changed as the plates bumped into each other.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wron

14、gC.Not mentioned(3).As the earth is cooled, it formed the plate.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Scientists say the earth“s crust began shifting 3 billion years ago.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).It took a long time for the melted earth to become hard again.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.Wron

15、gC.Not mentioned(6).The formation of Isua supracrastal belt was 3.8 billion years ago.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).Isua supracrustal belt is a tourist resort nowadays.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3 部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：1，分数：8.00)Napping to A Healthier Heart?Researchers say they

16、 have developed a simple test that can tell if a person with heart disease is likely to suffer a heart attack. The test measures levels of a protein in the blood. The researchers say people with high levels of this protein are at high risk of heart attack, heart failure or stroke. Kirsten Bibbins-Do

17、mingo of the University of California in San Francisco led the team. For about four years, they studied almost one thousand patients with heart disease. The researchers tested the heart disease patients for a protein called NT-proBNP. Patients with the highest levels were nearly eight times more lik

18、ely than those with the lowest levels to have a heart attack, heart failure or stroke. The researchers say the presence of high levels of the protein in the blood shows that the heart muscle is under pressure in some way. The study involved mostly men, so the researchers could not say for sure that

19、the results are also true for women. They say the patients with the highest levels of NT-proBNP were older and had other problems like diabetes or high blood pressure. Other researchers say more studies are needed to confirm if knowing the protein levels of a heart patient should affect that person“

20、s treatment. They also would like to know if more aggressive treatment could reduce the patient“s chance of a heart attack or stroke. The study appeared in the Journal of the American Medical Association . Could a little sleep during the middle of the day reduce the risk of a heart attack? An unrela

21、ted study earlier this month in the Archives of Internal Medicine suggests that the answer may be yes. In countries like the United States, afternoon naps are mostly for children. But they are common for adults in Mediterranean countries. And these countries generally have lower rates of heart disea

22、se. So scientists in the United States and Greece wondered if naps could play a part. Twenty-three thousand healthy adults took part in the study by Harvard University and the University of Athens. Those who took thirty-minute naps three times a week had a thirty-seven percent lower risk of death fr

23、om heart problems than people who did not take naps. The researchers say napping may improve heart health by reducing stress. They say the research suggests that naps are especially good for working men. But they say not enough female subjects died during the study to judge the benefits for women.（分

24、数：8.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1. A. Effects of napping in females still uncertain B. Older males have higher levels of NT-proBNP C. Development of a simple but important test D. Evidence of positive relationship between napping and heart disease E. How to control the levels of NT-proBNP F. Effects of NT-Dr

25、oBNP on heart disease（分数：1.00）(2).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）(3).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：1.00）(4).Paragraph 6 1.（分数：1.00）(5).According to some researchers, by measuring the levels of NT-proBNP in the blood, people may know 1. A. where fewer people die from heart problem B. whether they have the risk of heart

26、attack, heart failure or stroke C. would probably have lower rates of heart disease D. how to test a person“s NT-proBNP level in the blood by himself E. under pressure in some way F. its effect on women is unclear（分数：1.00）(6).If a person has a high level of NT-proBNP, his heart muscle will be 1.（分数：

27、1.00）(7).People who take regular afternoon naps 1.（分数：1.00）(8).The research suggests that naps are especially good for working men，but（分数：1.00）四、第 4 部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)When Fear Takes Control of the MindA panic attack is a sudden feeling of terror. Usually it does not last lo

28、ng, but it may feel like forever. The cause can be something as normally uneventful as driving over a bridge or flying in an airplane. And it can happen even if the person has driven over many bridges or flown many times before. A fast heart beat. Sweaty hands. Difficulty breathing. A lightheaded fe

29、eling. At first a person may have no idea what is wrong. But these can all be signs of what is known as panic disorder. The first appearance usually is between the ages of 18 and 25. In some cases it develops after a tragedy, like the death of a loved one, or some other difficult situation. In the U

30、nited States, the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) says more than two million people are affected in any one-year period. The American Psychological Association says panic disorder is two times more likely in women than men. And it can last anywhere from a few months to a lifetime. Panic a

31、ttacks can be dangerousfor example, if a person is driving at the time. The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in the state of Maryland is so long and so high over the water, it is famous for scaring motorists. There is even a driver assistance program to help people get across. Some people who suffer a panic at

32、tack develop a phobia, a deep fear of ever repeating the activity that brought on the attack. But experts say panic disorder can be treated. Doctors might suggest anti-anxiety or antidepressant medicines. Talking to a counselor could help a person learn to deal with or avoid a panic attack. There ar

33、e breathing methods, for example, that might help a person calm down. Panic disorder is included among what mental health professionals call anxiety disorders. A study published last week reported a link between anxiety disorders and several physical diseases. It says these include thyroid disease,

34、lung and stomach problems, arthritis, migraine headaches and allergic conditions. Researchers at the University of Manitoba in Canada say that in most cases the physical condition followed the anxiety disorder. But, they say, exactly how the two are connected remains unknown. The report in the Archi

35、ves of Internal Medicine came from a German health study of more than 4,000 adults.（分数：15.00）(1).All of the following may be symptoms of panic disorder EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.sweaty handsB.difficulty breathingC.lightheaded feelingD.low blood pressure(2).How many Americans are likely to suffer panic dis

36、order every year according to NIMH?（分数：3.00）A.1,800,000.B.2,500,000.C.Above 2,000,000.D.Under 2,000,000.(3).The probability for American females to be affected by panic disorder is _ that for American males.（分数：3.00）A.two times as much asB.three times as much asC.three times more thanD.one time more

37、 than(4).Which of the following spots is most likely to cause drivers to suffer panic disorder according to the passage author?（分数：3.00）A.The Golden Gate Bridge in San Francisco.B.The Chesapeake Bay Bridge in Maryland.C.The Empire State Building in New York.D.The Niagara Falls in North America.(5).A

38、ccording to a study, all of the following diseases may be associated with anxiety disorder EXCEPT _.（分数：3.00）A.cancer diseasesB.allergic conditionsC.thyroid problemsD.lung and stomach troubles六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)U.S. Eats Too Much SaltPeople in the United States consume more than twice the recommen

39、ded amount of salt, raising their risk for high blood pressure, heart attacks and strokes, government health experts said on Thursday. They found nearly 70 percent of U.S. adults are in high-risk groups that would benefit from a lower-salt of no more than 1,500mg per day, yet most consume closer to

40、3,500mg per day. “It“s important to eat less salt. People who adopt a heart healthy eating pattern that includes a diet low in sodium and rich in potassium and calcium can improve their blood pressure,“ Dr. Darwin Labarthe of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said in a statement. “Peopl

41、e need to know their recommended daily sodium limit and take action to reduce sodium intake,“ Labarthe said. The study in CDC“s report on death and disease used national survey data to show that two out of three adults should be consuming no more than 1,500 mg of sodium per day because they are blac

42、k or over the age of 40which are considered high-risk groups. Yet studies show most people in the United States eat 3,436 mg of sodium per day, according to a 2005-2006 CDC estimate. Most of the sodium eaten comes from package, processed and restaurant foods. The CDC said it will join other agencies

43、 in the Health and Human Services department in working with major food manufacturers and chain restaurants to reduce sodium levels in the food supply. Nationwide, 16 million men and women have heart disease and 5.8 million are estimated to have had a stroke. Cutting salt consumption can reduce thes

44、e risks, the CDC said.（分数：15.00）(1).Too much salt raises one“s risk for _.（分数：3.00）A.high blood pressureB.heart attacksC.strokesD.all of the above(2).How much salt do most American adults eat per day?（分数：3.00）A.No more than 1,500mg.B.Closer to 3,500mg.C.Less than 3,436mg.D.Closer to 1,500mg.(3).To i

45、mprove their blood pressure, people should have a diet _.（分数：3.00）A.rich in potassium and sodiumB.rich in potassium and calciumC.rich in calcium and sodiumD.none of the above(4).The high-risk groups include those _.（分数：3.00）A.who are blackB.who are over the age of 40C.who are white and youngD.both A

46、 and B(5).Packaged, processed and restaurant foods are known to be _.（分数：3.00）A.cheapB.tastyC.rich in saltD.healthy七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Fruit and Vegetable JuicesA European study has revealed that 100 percent fruit and vegetable juices are as effective as their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts in

47、reducing risk factors related to certain diseases. The conclusion is the result of the study designed to question traditional thinking that 100 percent juices play a less significant role in reducing risk for both cancer and cardiovascular disease than whole fruits and vegetables. Juices are compara

48、ble in their ability to reduce risk compared to their whole fruit/vegetable counterparts, according to several researchers in the United Kingdom who conducted the literature review. The researchers analyzed a variety of studies that looked at risk reduction attributed to the effects of both fiber an

49、d antioxidants. As a result, they determined that the positive impact fruits and vegetables offer come not just from the fiber but also from antioxidants which are present in both juice and the whole fruits and vegetables. “When considering cancer and coronary heart diseases prevention, there is no evidence that pure fruit and vegetable juices are less beneficial than whole fruit and vegetables,“ the researchers said. The researchers added that the positioning of juices as being nutritionally inferior to whole fruits and vegetables in relationship to chroni