职称英语卫生类B级-26及答案解析.doc

1、职称英语卫生类 B级-26 及答案解析(总分：100.00，做题时间：90 分钟)一、第 1部分：词汇选项(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.Thank you very much for your favor to me. A. hope B. benefit C. help D. reply（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.2.It will be full of hazards on the way to success. A. hopes B. dangers C. helps D. dreams（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.3.This play is so boring th

2、at I feel a bit sleepy. A. interesting B. exciting C. lazy D. dull（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.4.I can t put up with his behaviors any more. A. tolerate B. care C. misunderstand D. disappoint（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.5.Evidently, he has made a big mistake this time. A. likely B. possibly C. obviously D. simply（分数：1.00）A

3、B.C.D.6.They have the capabiliy to complete the task in aweek. A. possibility B. competence C. courage D. mixture（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.7.The newly bought car brings nothing but trouble. A. nearly B. quickly C. generally D. only（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.8.He finally decided to reject this proposal. A. support B.

4、accept C. oppose D. receive（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.9.I try to read more books to broaden my knowledge. A. extend B. intend C. widen D. deepen（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.10.I don t know why everything around me is going into confusion. A. consideration B. puzzle C. attraction D. contradiction（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.11.I have

5、 been trying to give up smoking. A. give off B. put up C. quit D. accept（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.12.The sports meeting is cancelled due to the heavy rain. A. because of B. regardless of C. rather than D. up to（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.13.They hold a party to observe their 30th marriage anniversary. A. watch B. under

6、stand C. explain D. celebrate（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.14.I have extreme sense of happiness at this moment. A. hope B. wish C. feeling D. dream（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.15.It is impossible to complete the task in a day. A. regular B. usual C. unlikely D. hopeful（分数：1.00）A.B.C.D.二、第 2部分：阅读判断(总题数：1，分数：7.00)3. A Gay Bio

7、logistMolecular (分子的) biologist Dean Hammer has blue eyes ,light brown hair and a good sense of humor. He smokes cigarettes, spends long hours in an old laboratory at the US National Institute of Health. He also happens to be openly, matter - of - factly gay.What is it that makes Hammer who he is? W

8、hat accounts for the talents and traits that make up anyones personality? Hammer is not content merely to ask such questions; he is trying to answer them as well. A pioneer in the field of molecular psychology, Hammer is exploring the role genes play in governing the very core of our individuality.

9、To a remarkable extent, his work on what might be called the gay, thrill-seeking and quit-smoking genes reflects how own genetic predispositions(倾向).That work, which has appeared mostly in scientific journals, has been gathered into an accessible and quite readable form in Hammer s creative new book

10、 Living with Our Genes. “vou have about as much choice in some aspect of your personality. “Hamer and co - author Peter Copeland write in the introductory chapter, “as you do in the shape of your nose or the size of your feet. “Until recently, research into behavioral genetics was dominated by psyc

11、hiatrists and psychologists, who based their most conclusions about the importance of genes on studies of identical twins. For example, psychologist Michael Bailey of Northwestern University famously demonstrated that if one identical twin is gay, there is about a 50% likelihood that the other will

12、be too. Seven years ago. Hamer picked up where the twin studies left off, homing in on (目标追踪) specific strips of DNA that appear to influence everything from mood to sexual orientation.Hamer switched to behavioral genetics from basic research, “after receiving his doctorate from Harvard, he spent mo

13、re than a decade studying the biochemistry of a protein that cells use to metabolize (使新陈代谢) heavy metals like copper and zinc. As he was about to turn 40, however, Hamer Suddenly realized he had learned as much about the protein as he cared to. “Frankly, I was bored, “he remembers, “and ready for s

14、omething new. /（分数：7.00）(1).Dean Hammer is a molecular biologist, a smoker and a gay at the same time.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(2).Hammer s study is about what accounts for the talents and traits that make up one s personality.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(3).Hammer publish mos

15、t of his work in his new book Living with Our Genes.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(4).Homosexual behaviors seem ripe for exploration because few scientists had dared tackle such an emotionally and politically charged subject.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(5).Research on behavioral ge

16、netics used to be and will be dominated by psychiatrists and psychologists.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(6).If one identical twin is gay ,there is about a 100% likelihood that the other will be too.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned(7).After spending more than a decade studying the bioc

17、hemistry of a protein, Hamer suddenly realized he need to do something new.（分数：1.00）A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned三、第 3部分：概括大意与完成句子(总题数：2，分数：8.00) A. Effects of ACE and ACE Inhibitors B. Wide Use of ACE Inhibitors C. How to Deal with High Blood Pressure in Pregnant Women D. Damage to Pregnant Women s

18、 Future Babies E. Suggestions on Stopping the Use of ACE Inhibitors F. Relative Safety for Women during the First Three Months of Pregnancies（分数：4.00）(1).Paragraph 2 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).Paragraph 3 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Paragraph 4 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).Paragraph 5 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_ A. that may c

19、ause our blood vessels to become more and more narrow B. for pregnant women to take during their last six monks of pregnancies C. that their likelihood to suffer major problems is two times higher than other babies D. their doctors about how to treat their problems E. because diabetes during pregnan

20、cy may sometimes lead to birth defects F. though their mothers took ACE inhibitors during their first three months of pregnancies（分数：4.00）(1).FDA suggests that pregnant women with high blood pressure should consult 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(2).ACE inhibitors are not recommended 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(3).Eviden

21、ce showed only a small percentage of babies suffered major disorders 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_(4).ACE is a risk factor to our body 1.（分数：1.00）填空项 1:_四、第 4部分：阅读理解(总题数：0，分数：0.00)五、第一篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Get Right Amount of Vitamin DVitamin D helps bones and muscles grow strong and healthy. Low levels of vitamin

22、D can lead to problems like rickets and osteoporosis. Rickets is a deformity mainly found in children. Osteoporosis is the thinning of bone, a common problem as people, especially women, get older. Studies in recent years have suggested that vitamin D may also have other uses. Studies have shown tha

23、t low levels of D may increase the risk of heart attacks in men and deaths from some cancers. Other studies have shown that people with rheumatic diseases often have low levels of D.The easiest way to get vitamin D is from sunlight. The ultraviolet rays react with skin cells to produce the vitamin.

24、But many people worry about skin cancer and skin damage from the sun. Also, darker skinned people produce less vitamin D than lighter skinned people. Production also decreases in older people and those living in northern areas that get less sunlight.Not many foods naturally contain vitamin D. Foods

25、with high levels include oily fish such as salmon, tuna and mackerel, and fish liver oils. Small amounts of D are found in beef liver, cheese and egg yolks. Most of the D in the American diet comes from foods like milk with the vitamin added.These days, more doctors are testing for vitamin D levels

26、in their patients. But as research continues, some experts worry that if people take too much D, it might act as a poison. Also, skin doctors warn people to be careful with sun exposure.How much vitamin D does a healthy person need? Nutrition experts who advise the American government set the curren

27、t recommendations in nineteen ninety -seven. The daily amount is two hundred international units from birth through age fifty. Then it rises to four hundred I. U. s through age seventy, and six hundred for those seventy-one and older. But some groups say these amounts are not high enough.（分数：15.00）(

28、1).Low levels of Vitamin D can lead to problems except（分数：3.00）A.rickets and osteoporosis.B.heart attacks.C.rheumatic diseases.D.skin damag(2).Which kind of people can produce more Vitamin D?（分数：3.00）A.Darker skinned people.B.The older people.C.Lighter skinned people.D.People who live in northern ar

29、eas.(3).Which one of the following foods contain low levels of Vitamin D?（分数：3.00）A.Tuna and mackerel.B.Fish liver oils.C.Beef liver.D.Milk with the vitamin adde(4).Nutrition experts advise that the daily amount of D a healthy American need is（分数：3.00）A.two hundred international units from birth thr

30、ough age fifteen.B.six hundred international units for those older than seventy.C.six hundred international units through age seventy.D.four hundred international units through age sixty.(5).Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this article?（分数：3.00）A.Too much Vitamin D may cause skin cancer.B

31、Sunlight is the easiest way to get vitaminD.C.Few kinds of food naturally contain vitaminD.D. The older people need more vitamin D than the yout六、第二篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)Screening Teens for Suicidal Ideas Not a RiskAsking teenagers if they think about suicide does not increase the risk they will act on

32、it and may actually help adolescents who suffer from depression, researchers said on Tuesday. More than 2, 300 students at six suburban New York high schools filled out questionnaires with half answering questions about whether they thought about suicide while the other half did not. Neither group e

33、xhibited increased distress or suicidal thoughts after participating, including at - risk individuals with a history of suicide attempts, depression, or drug abuse.“On the contrary, the findings suggested that asking about suicidal ideation or behavior may have been beneficial for students with depr

34、ession symptoms or previous suicide attempts,“ said the study s lead author, Madelyn Gould of New York State Psychiatric Institute. “Our findings can allay concerns about the potential harm of high school - based suicide screening, “she wrote in the Journal of the American Medical Association. “ Hea

35、lth professionals should not hesitate to pose such questions, “she added.Previous studies have shown screening can be very effective in identifying youths who may contemplate suicide. But suicide awareness programs in schools could be detrimental, the report said. The National Institute of Mental he

36、alth said there were 1,611 suicides in the 15 to 19 age group in 2001 ,with five times as many boys killing themselves as girls. There were more than 4,000 suicides among 15 - to 24 - year - olds in 2002, according to government data collected by the American Association of Suieidology. For every su

37、icide, as many as 100 to 200 others in the age group attempted suicide, the group said. Suicide rates in the United States generally declined in the decade to 2002, falling to 9.9 per 100,000 among 15 - to 24 - year - olds from 13.5 per 100,000 in 1993.（分数：15.00）(1).“Screening Teens for Suicidal Ide

38、as“ refers to（分数：3.00）A.letting teenagers fill out questionnaires with half answering questions about whether they thought about suicide.B.asking teenagers the potential harm of suicide attempts.C.asking teenagers if they think about suicide.D.asking teenagers their history of suicide attempts, depr

39、ession, or drug abus(2).Which of the following is NOT true according to paragraph one?（分数：3.00）A.Asking teenagers if they think about suicide does not increase the risk they will act on it.B.Asking about suicidal ideation or behavior may actually help adolescents who suffer from depression.C.No grou

40、p exhibited increased distress or suicidal thoughts after participating questionnaires.D.Individuals with a history of suicide attempts or depression didn t take part in the questionnaires.(3).What is the findings suggested according to Madelyn Gould s words?（分数：3.00）A.Screening teens for suicidal i

41、deas may have been helpful for students with depression or previous suicide attempts.B.Health professionals should not pose such questions.C.We can allay concerns about the potential harm of high school-based suicide screening.D.Screening can be very effective in identifying youths who may contempla

42、te suicid(4).How many girls killed themselves in the 15 to 19 age group in 2001 according to the National Institute of Mental Health?（分数：3.00）A.Over 300.B.Nearly 300.C.More than 1300.D.About 800.(5).What is the authors purpose for writing this artMe?（分数：3.00）A.Urge the schools to provide suicide awa

43、reness programs.B.Advise the teachers pay more attention to the students with a history of suicide attempts.C.Ask people to allay concerns about teenagers suicides because the suicide rates in the United States have generally declined.D.Make us believe that screening teens for suicidal ideas is not

44、a risk, but a very effective way to help teenagers to prevent suicid七、第三篇(总题数：1，分数：15.00)HIV Vaccine Reduces InfectionThe vaccine -a combination of two earlier experimental vaccines -was given to 16,000 people in Thailand. Researchers found that it reduced by nearly a third the risk of contracting H

45、IV, the virus that lcads to Aids.It has been hailed as a significant, scientific: breakthrough, but a global vaccine is still some way off. The study was carried out by the US army and the Thai government over seven years on volunteers - all HIV - negative men and women aged between 18 and 30 - in p

46、arts of Thailand.Half of the volunteers were given the vaccine, while the other half were given a placebo - and all were given counselling on HIV/Aids prevention. Participants were tested for HIV infection every six months for three years. The results found that the chances of catching HIV were 31.2

47、 less for those who had taken the vaccine - with 74 people who did not get the vaccine infected and 51 of the vaccinated group infected.The vaccine is based on B and E strains of HIV that most commonly circulate in Thailand not the C strain which predominates in Africa. “This result is tantalisingl

48、y encouraging. The numbers are small and the difference may have been due to chance, but this finding is the first positive news in the Aids vaccine field for a decade,“ said Dr Richard Horton, editor of the Lancet medical joumal.“We should be cautious, but hopeful. The discovery needs urgent replic

49、ation and investigation. “Dr Anthony Fauci, director of the US National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases said: “For the first time, an investigational HIV vaccine has demonstrated some ability to prevent HIV infection amorig vaccinated individuals. “Additional research is needed to better understand how this vaccine regimen reduced the risk of HIV infection, bu